Izizathu Zokuyeka Ukubhema Awuyi Kuphelisa Ukufa Kweengculaza

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Kutheni Ukuyeka Ukubhema Akunakuphelisa Ukufa Kweengculaza

Uninzi lwethu luye lwacaphukisa ngoku kutshanje, njengemibutho enenjongo enokuthi ukuyeka ukutshaya kugxininiswe kwimizuzu yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukukhuthaza uluntu ukuba ungalokothi uqale, kwaye ukuyeka ukutshaya, kuyamnandi. Kwaye abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuyeka ukukwenza kunokuphucula ubomi. Nangona inyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu kufanele ibe nefuthe elijongeneyo.

Ukusasaza ulwazi malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya kubangako bonke abaphila nomhlaza wamaphaphu namhlanje. Kwiinyanga ezintlanu emva kokufumana ukuxilongwa komhlaza wamaphaphu, i-14 ekhulwini labantu abanesifo bayabhema . Ukugxininisa ukubhema kufana nokwenza inyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza webele. Ngokuphathelele ukwazisa abafazi ukuba kufuneka babe nomntwana wabo wokuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30 (ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza wesifuba.) Inyanga yolwazi kufuneka ibe malunga nokuxhasa abantu abanesifo, kungekhona malunga nokuxoxa ngezizathu.

Inyanga yokuqwashisa kufuneka ibe yinkxaso-mali yophando olungcono. Abo bavutha kwixesha elidlulileyo abanakuzuzwa kwintetho malunga nokuba bayenzile njani iminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo. Kunoko, bafuna unyango namhlanje. Kwaye kungabikho ababhemayo nesi sifo - kungeyinto eqhelekileyo becinga umdlavuza wamaphaphu ekungabikho ababhemayo yi-6 ekhokelela ekubangeni ukufa komhlaza e-US-oku kugxilwa kwinyanga eyenzelwe ukubhiyozela ubomi babo.

Abanye abantu banokuhlala bekholelwa, kodwa bafunde ngezizathu ezongezelelweyo ukuba kutheni inyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu akufaneleki ukuyeka ukuyeka ukutshaya njengento ephambili.

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Ubuninzi Babantu Abantu abane-Lung Cancer yi-Non-ACTIVE Smokers

Umdlavuza womlenze yiyona nto ibangela umdla wokufa komhlaza kumadoda nabasetyhini e-United States. Umdlavuza womlenze ubulala abafazi ababini njengomdlavuza webele kunye namaxesha amaninzi amadoda njengomdlavuza wesibeletho. Ukutshaya yimbangela ebalulekileyo yeseli esincinci kunye nesincinci yesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu kwaye igalelo kuma-80 ekhulwini kunye neepesenti ezingama-90 zokufa komhlaza wamaphaphu kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda, ngokulandelana. Amadoda atshisayo angama-23 amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Abasetyhini abavuthayo banamaxesha angama-13, xa kuthelekiswa nabasoze batshaya. Phakathi kuka-2005 no-2010, umyinge wama-130,659 aseMerika (amadoda angama-74,300 kunye nabesifazane abangama-56,359) abulawa ngumsi-wokudla-umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngamnye ngonyaka. Ukubonakaliswa komsi wesibambiso kubangele ama-7,330 ukufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwabangaboniyo ngonyaka. Abaxhasi banamathuba angama-20 ukuya kuma-30 amathuba amakhulu okuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu xa bekhutshwa ngumsi wesibatha ekhaya okanye emsebenzini.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iifomanani zakutshanje zibonisa ukuba uninzi-phantse ama-60 ekhulwini labantu abaxilongwa ngomhlaza wamaphaphu abangabenzi bOMSEBENZI ababhemayo . Oku kubandakanya abantu abasebenzisa ukutshaya ngexesha elidlulileyo, kunye nabangabikho botshi. E-United States, iipesenti ezingama-20 zabasetyhini abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu abasoze batshaya, kunye nenani likhuphukela kuma-50 ekhulwini labasetyhini ngomhlaza wemiphunga emhlabeni jikelele.

Amanani anjengama-20 ekhulwini angabonakala amancinci uze ukhangele kule manani.

Yaye ngelixa i-30 ekhulwini ukuya kwi-40 ekhulwini yabantu bayabhema ngexesha lokuxilongwa, i-14 kuphela ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu bayaguba emva kweenyanga ezili-5 emva kokuxilongwa.

Ngamanye amazwi, uninzi lwezigulane ezingabhemi ngexesha lokuxilongwa komhlaza wamaphaphu ngababethi ababhemayo kwaye sele beyeke ukutshaya phambi kokuba bafumaneke. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abantu abafumene umdlavuza wamaphaphu namhlanje abayi kuzuza ngokuva malunga neengozi zokutshaya. Oku kugxininiso akuncedi kuba sele beyeke ukutshaya, kwaye kusebenza ukusabalalisa ukuhlaselwa komhlaza wemiphunga njengesifo sobhemayo esithile. Ngelishwa, kwanokuba nabangabikho botshi banokuthi baxhomekeke kule mdlalo. Ngaba umdlavuza webele? Intle. Abantu benze uthando baze babuze indlela abanokukunceda ngayo. Ngaba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu? Amakhanda aphakanyisiweyo ahamba kunye nohlobo oluthile lombuzo othi, "Ude umsi?"

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuphila nomhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba nzima kunokuba uhlala nomhlaza wesibele . Masize songeze ihlazo lokutshaya kule ngxaki.

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Kukho ezinye iiMbangela zeKhansela yeLung

Nangona icuba ayingakaze isetyenziswe kwiplanethi, siya kuhlala sinomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ewe, ukutshaya yiyona nto ibangela umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kubangela ukuba ngaphandle kokutshaya kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona inani libonakala lincinci-ama-20 ekhulwini labasetyhini abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu abangeze batshaya-oku kuguqulela kwisiqingatha se-71,660 sokufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kubasetyhini kulindeleke ngo-2015.

Ukuboniswa kweRadon kwindlu yinto yesibini ebangela umdlavuza wamaphaphu kunye nenani elilodwa lomdlavuza wemiphunga kwabangabhemi. Abantu abangaba ngu-21 000 bafa ngumhlaza wempuphu owenziwe ngumgqomo ngamnye ngonyaka, kwaye le nto ibinqandwa ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthatha itekiti yokuhlola i-radon kwivenkile ye-hardware kwi-bucks eyi-10, kunye nokunciphisa i-radon eyenziwa ukuba uvavanyo aluqhelekanga, yiyo yonke into efunekayo.

Ukubeka la manani ngembono kunokunceda. Abafazi abangama-39,000 kulindeleke ukuba bafe ngenxa yesifo somhlaza wesibeletho ngo-2015. Ukuba ngaba sinokuvavanya i-$ 10 ukujonga ingozi, kunye nenkqubo ebiza ixabiso elingaphantsi kwenkulu enokuthintela ngokupheleleyo isigamu sesifo somhlaza wesifuba, ucinga ukuba beve? Kutheni abantu bengayazi ngale nto? Ibuyela ekugqibeleni kweli nqaku; sibeka ugxininiso lomdlavuza wamaphaphu ekubhemeni, kwaye ngokwenza njalo, bashiya uluntu ngengqiqo yesiqinisekiso sokuthi konke kulungile ukuba awuyi kubhema.

Kukho ezinye izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokubhengezwa, ukungcola komoya kungcoliseko lwangaphakathi lwangaphakathi, ukutshaya umsi , kunye neengozi zomsebenzi . Musa ukucinga ukuba ukhuselekile ukuba awuzange uphuze. Funda ngezinye izizathu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabangabhemi kunye nento ongayenza ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wakho.

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Abantu Abayeke Ukubhema Basengozini

Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu, kodwa kuninzi, umngcipheko othile uhleli. Amanani kwisilayidi sokugqibela afakazela oku. Kukho abaninzi ababeshushu bakhayo abanomdlavuza ngamnye emnyaka kunokuba ababhemayo .

Ukuba utshaya ngexesha elidlulileyo, ungakhathazeki okwangoku. Emva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokuyeka, umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu unciphisa ngamaphesenti angama-30 ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini. Kukho ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Enye indlela i- low dose ye-TB yomhlaza wesifo somhlaza . Nangona ukuhlola kunganciphisi ithuba lokuba uya kuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukwandisa ithuba lokuba xa uhlakulela umhlaza wamaphaphu, uya kufumaneka ngaphambili, amanqanaba amaninzi okuphulukiswa kwesi sifo. Kucinga ukuba ukuphonononga abantu abasengozini kunokunciphisa izinga lokufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngama-20 ekhulwini eMelika. Ukuphononongwa okwangoku kunconywa kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-80, abanomlando we-pack of year-30 wokutshaya, kwaye bayaqhubeka beshiya okanye bayeka kwiminyaka eyi-15 edlulileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukucutshungulwa kunganconywa kwabanye abantu ngokusekelwe kwimingcipheko yomdla we-lung cancer .

Ukongezelela, uphando olujongene nomzimba kunye nomhlaza womphunga kunye nokutya kunye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubonisa ukuba kukho ezinye izinto abantu abangenawo kwaye abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu banokukwenza ukunciphisa ingozi.

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I-Stigma Interferes ne-Early diagnosis

Inxalenye endiyithandayo yentsholongwane yomhlaza wamaphaphu ndiya kuyo, xa abantu abasinda kumdlavuza wamaphaphu babelana ibali labo. Ixesha elikhethekileyo, kodwa oh libuhlungu kakhulu. Ixesha kunye nexesha abantu babelana ngalo oko ekugqibeleni kwabakho ukuxilongwa - ngokuqhelekileyo uchungechunge lokutyelela, kunye noogqirha abaninzi, ngaphezu kwexesha leenyanga, ngexesha apho baye bafumanisa ukuba banezinto ezivela kwi-asthma ukuya kwi-Lyme.

Iintsholongwane zomhlaza zomnxeba ngaphantsi kwesikrini se-radon kubaqeqeshi abaninzi bezempilo, ingakumbi umdlavuza wamaphaphu . Ngenxa yeso sizathu, abaninzi banokufumanisa ukuba umhlaza womphunga usasazeka, kwaye ithuba lokuba unyango luye lwadlula. Enyanisweni, abantu abaselula kunye nabangabikho botshi banokuthi bafumaneke kwi-stage ephambili yesifo.

Kuze kubekho isisombululo sokusasaza somhlaza wemiphunga, kubalulekile kubaqeqeshi bezempilo kunye nezigulane ngokufanayo, ukuba uqaphele ukuba yonke into ofuna ukuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu yimiphunga. Iimpawu zomhlaza wamaphaphu zizahluka kwiindawo ezingabhemi kunezobhema , kwaye loo mhlaza wesifo samaphaphu kubasetyhini ahlala ehlukile kuneempawu zamadoda. Yiba ngummeli wakho. Ukuba unayo impawu ezingacacisiwe ngokufanelekileyo, cela inkcazelo engcono okanye umbono wesibini. Ukuba sifuna ukufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu kusasa, kufuneka siphumelele inkolelo yokuba umdlavuza wamaphaphu uyisifo sokutshaya. Leyo yinxalenye yenyanga yenyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

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I-Stigma Interferes noPhando lwezoNyango ezintsha

Inkohlakalo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ibangela ukuphanda ngaphantsi. Imali eyimfihlo yomhlaza wesifuba idlula ngaphezu komhlaza wemiphunga kumgama omde, njengoko kuboniswe nguSusan G. Komen njengelwimi lomnxeba kunye neepinki ezipinki ezibaluleka ngokubanzi. Bangaphi abantu abanokuthiwa igama elikhulu kunazo zonke ezingenalo inzuzo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kwaye bangaphi abantu abayaziyo nombala webhebhoni yomhlaza wamaphaphu ?

Inkxaso-mali kawonkewonke iphinda ilandele imva emva komhlaza wemiphunga, kwaye oku kubalulekile kuba inkxaso-mali ithetha iidola ezibhekiselele kuphando. Ngonyaka ka-2012, ukusetyenziswa kwemali yenkampani yongezwe kwi-26,398 yezigidi zobomi ubomi obulahlekelwe ngumhlaza wesibeleko, ngokulingana no-1,442 wee-bhiliyoni ngamnye ngokulahlekelwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ndandisoloko ndizibuza ukuba isantya sokusinda kumdlavuza wamaphaphu siya kuba ngaba imali enjalo kunye nophando sele ityalwe ngumhlaza.

Kutheni le mali iphantsi kangaka, kwaye kutheni abaphandi bancitshiswa kakhulu ukuba bazinikele emdlalweni wamaphaphu? Inkcazo. Kukho isitatimende esingabonakaliyo, esingayivekiyo esithi, "Aba bantu bayabhema baze bafanelwe ukuba nomhlaza." Akukho mntu ufanelekile ukuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ingaba akazange atshise okanye uphelele ubomi. Ukwenza ukuyeka ukutshaya kugxininise ukuphazamiseka komhlaza wamaphaphu kwandisa nje le nhla kunye ne-gap.

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I-Stigma Interferes noPhando malunga Nezizathu

Ndenza umzekeliso kwangaphambili malunga nokufa kwimihlaza yombele, ngokubhekiselele kwi-cancer eyenziwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Oku kungathathwa inyathelo elongezelelweyo. Ndandifunde iinjongo zokujonga iimeko ezibangelwa ngumdlavuza webele, kunye nokutya kunye nezinye iindlela ezinokunciphisa umngcipheko. Akunqabile xa ndifumana uphando olufanayo olujonga umhlaza wamaphaphu.

Yintoni ebangela umdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabangabhemi? Kutheni umkhuhlane wamaphaphu ukwanda kubutsha, ungalokothi utshaye abafazi?

Kudingeka sitshintshe ubuso bomhlaza wemiphunga, ukuze siqale ukujonga iimpendulo ezinokwenzeka kule mibuzo.

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I-Cancer ye-Lung iyanda kwi-Young, Akunaso-Abokubhema

Uninzi lwethu sifunde iicatshulwa kwiminyaka yamuva. Umdlavuza womlenze kumadoda ngoku uyancipha eUnited States, ngelixa kubasetyhini baye baqhawula. Nangona kunjalo kukho iqela elinye apho umhlaza wamaphaphu ukhula ngokunyuka. Abancinci, abangabhemi ukutshaya.

La mabhinqa kufuneka abhekane nemibuzo eqhubekayo malunga nokubhema kwabo, okanye enye into eyahlukileyo, "Ngaba abazali bakho babebhembile xa usakhula?"

Kutheni singakwazi ukuphatha aba bafazi njengoko sibheka abafazi ngomhlaza wesibele ngo-Oktobha? Umhlaza womlenze awusona "isifo sokutshaya." Umntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu unokuba ngumama okanye intombi yakho okanye udade wakho okanye unina.

La mabhinqa amancinci afanelwe ukuba azi ukuba abaxoshwa ngenxa yokuba nesifo sokutshaya, ngeli xesha bexhatshazwa ngesicalulo.

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Ugxininiso lweNyanga yoLwazi lweKhawula yeLung

Kulungile. Ukuyeka ukubhema akufanele kube yimiba yodwa yenyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Yintoni ekufuneka ibe kwiziko lokwazisa?

Inombolo enye ifanele ibe inkxaso. Wonke umntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu - kungakhathaliseki ukuba umlando wokutshaya - ufanelwe uthando lwethu, imfesane, kunye nokunyamekela okunokwenzeka. Cinga ngendlela abafazi abaphathwa ngayo ngexesha lokuqwashisa umdlavuza wesikhumba, ukuba bayabhiyozelwa njani, ukuba bakhunjuzwa njani ukuba uphando lwenziwa ukwenza umehluko. Ukuba awukwazi nje into oyithethayo, khangela ezi ngcebiso malunga nezinto ongathethi kumntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu . Ungayiphatha njani umhlobo wakho okanye owathandwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokuhlukileyo, ukuba wayenomhlaza wesifuba endaweni yesifo?

Inani lembini kufuneka libe malunga nokuqonda. Ukuyeka ukuyeka ukubhema njengoko kwenziwa njalo yonke indawo ngonyaka. Esikhundleni sokuqaphela ukuba umhlaza wamaphaphu uvela kubantu abangabhemi kwaye ukwazi ulwazi lweempawu zangaphambili kunokukwenza umehluko. Abo babesakuba ngabokutshaya kufuneka babe nethuba lokufunda malunga neendlela zokuhlola.

Kwaye njengokuba inyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wesikhumba iphakamisa iimali zophando, inyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu kufuneka ibe yithuba lokufundisa nokukhuthaza abo abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu malunga nentuthuko entsha, ngelixa bebonelela ngemali yokuqhubela phambili.

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ILizwi Ngokubhema kunye neNgqumbo Yengculaza

Ukuthetha ngokuhlukanisa inyanga yokuqwashisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ekubhemeni akuyi kuphelisa ukutshaya ngenxa yesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu. Yi.

Kuba abantu abancinci abaphila nomhlaza wemiphunga bashiya, ukushiya kubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye mhlawumbi into ebaluleke kakhulu nabani na onokuyenza ukuphucula ubomi. Hlola ezi zizathu ezi- 10 zokuyeka ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza . Ukuyeka ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuphucula impendulo kumanyango omhlaza, kuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kwaye kuphucula ukuphila.

Kwalabo abangenayo umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuyeka ukuphela kunokunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kuphucula ukuphila kwezinye iindlela. Ukongeza kumdlavuza wamaphaphu, kukho ezininzi i-cancer ezinxulumene nokutshaya , kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango ezinxulumene nokutshaya.

Yeka ibhokisi yeTeks yoKhusela iyisisityebi samahhala ekukunceda uqokelele izixhobo ozifunayo ukuze uphumelele ngokuyeka umkhuba.

Kodwa khumbula ukuba ezi ngcebiso malunga nokubhema nomhlaza zafakwa ekupheleni kwesizathu. Zisebenza kuphela kumncinci wabantu abaphila nomdlavuza wamaphaphu namhlanje.

Imithombo:

_{Amato, D. et al. Ukuphelelwa koTywala kungathuthukisa ukuPhepha kwesifo somhlaza weLung Cancer. Umbhalo we-Thoracic Oncology . 2015. 10 (7): 1014-9.}

_{American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Iinkcukacha kunye namanani e-2015. Ukufikelela kwi-06/08/15. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@editorial/documents/document/acspc-044552.pdf}

_{I-American Lung Association. Umhlaza wemiphunga. Fi kelelwa ngo 11/27/15. http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/}

_{I-American Society ye-Clinical Oncology. I-Cancer.net Ukusetyenziswa koTywala ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza. 04/2012. http://www.cancer.net/kuvakalisa}

_{Amato, D. et al. Ukuphelelwa koTywala kungathuthukisa ukuPhepha kwesifo somhlaza weLung Cancer. Umbhalo we-Thoracic Oncology . 2015. 10 (7): 1014-9.}

_{Ilalader, N., Noone, A., Krapcho, M, Garshell, J., Miller, D., Altekruse, S., Kosary, C., Yu, M., Ruhl, J., Tatalovich, Z., Mariotto, A., Lewis, D., Chen, H., Feuer, E., no-A. Cronin (eds). UKUQULWA KWE-CANER Review Statistics, 1975-2012, iNational Cancer Institute. UBetdada, MD, ngokususelwa ngoNovemba 2014 ukuhanjiswa kwedatha, ukuthunyelwa kwi-website ye-SEER, ngo-Ephreli 2015. http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2012/}

_{National Cancer Institute. Statistics Statistics. Ukuhlaziywa 03/14/16. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/khat-is-cancer/statistics}

_{National Cancer Institute. I-Lung Cancer Prevention (PDQ). Ukuhlaziywa 05/12/15. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/patient/lung-prevention-pdq#section/_12}

_{National Cancer Institute. Ukubhema kwiCancer Care-Health Care Professionals. Fi kelelwa ngo 08/01/15. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/smoking-cessation-hp-pdq#section/_1}

_{Iiparsons, A. et al. Impembelelo yokuyeka ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamapompo kwindlela yokuhlaziya: ukuphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezifundo zophando kunye nokuhlaziywa kwemeta. I-British Medical Journal BMJ2010: 340: b5569. Ipapashwe ngo-21 Januwari 2010.}