Izizathu ezi-10 eziphezulu zokuyeka ukutshaya neCarcer

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Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuyeka ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa kweCarcer
Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuyeka ukutshaya xa unomdlavuza. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © quintanilla

Kuphantse kunzima ukuva malunga neengozi zokutshaya, kwaye kukho ulwazi oluninzi oluchaza isizathu sokuba kutheni.

Kodwa kuthekani ukuba sele unomdlavuza? Ingaba kunokwenza ukuba umehluko xa uyeka? Emva koko, akukho monakalo owenziwe kakade? Kutheni ukongeza uxinzelelo lokuyeka ukuxinezeleka kokunyamekela unyango lomhlaza?

Eli nqaku liza kukunika izizathu ezilishumi zokuba kutheni umntu onomdlavuza kufuneka azame ukuyeka. Akunandaba nokuba unesigaba sokuqala okanye umhlaza wesigxina esiphezulu. Akunandaba naluphi uhlobo lomhlaza onayo. Akunandaba nokuba unjani uhlobo lwenyango onayo, nokuba oko kuthetha ukuthatha i-chemotherapy, utyando, unyango lwe-radiation, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, okanye nokuba ngumgangatho wokunakekelwa kwintlalo yoncedo.

Unokucinga ukuba nguwe uhlukile; ukuba ayiyi kwenza umehluko xa uyeka. Gcina loo ngcinga ngoku, kwaye ufunde.

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Inani le-1-Ukuyeka ukuphucula i-Cancer Survival kunye ne-Lowers Recurrence
Ukubhema kunciphisa izinga lokusinda komhlaza kwaye kwandisa amathuba okuphindaphinda. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © KatarzynaBialasicwcz

Umphumo wokutshaya ukuqhuma awuzange uhlolwe ngawo wonke umhlaza, kodwa kwizinto esiziziyo ngokusekelwe kwizifundo zeengqungquthela eziqhelekileyo, kubonakala ukuba ukukhaba umkhwa yindlela elula (yokuthetha) yokuphakamisa izinga lokuphila kubantu abaninzi nomhlaza.

Umdlavuza womlenze yiyona nto ibangela umdla wokufa komhlaza kumadoda kunye nabasetyhini eUnited States, kwaye kubonakala ukuba ukuyeka nganye nasiphi na isigaba sesifo kunokukwenza umehluko. Siyazi ixesha elithile ukuba abantu abanomdlavuza wesifo somhlaza wamandulo basesifo somhlaza wesifo samaphaphu (kunye nokuphila jikelele) xa beyeka ukutshaya. Kungekudala uhlolisiso lwabantu abangama-250 abanomdlavuza ophakamileyo wamaphaphu bathole ukuba ukusinda komlambo (ubuninzi bexesha apho iipesenti ezingama-50 zabantu zisaphila kwaye ama-50 ekhulwini afile) iinyanga ezingama-28 kulabo abaphumelelayo ukuyeka, kodwa iinyanga ezili-18 kuphela abo baqhubeka beshiya. Kwakucingelwa ukuba kukho nokuba luncedo lokusinda kwabo bazama ukuyeka kodwa abaphumelelanga ngokupheleleyo.

Kwabesilisa abanomdlavuza wesibeletho (isibini esibangela umdlavuza ekufeni kwabantu), ukuqhubeka ukutshaya kudibaniswa nokusweleka kobuhlwempu kunye nokuphindaphinda kwangaphambili kwesi sifo.

Umdlavuza weColon ngowona wesithathu obangela umdla wokufa komhlaza kumadoda kunye nabasetyhini, kwaye ukuyeka ukutshaya umphumo kwiziphumo zokusinda nokuphucula izifo zesifo.

Kwezinye iintsholongwane, ukuyeka ukutshaya kungenza umehluko omkhulu kwimpumelelo yokusinda. Kuhlolisiso olukhulu lwabantu abanomdlavuza wesihloko nentamo, abo bayeka ukutshaya ngexesha lokuxilongwa kwaye ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale unomlinganiselo weminyaka emihlanu wokusinda kwama-55 ekhulwini kunye nama-23 ekhulwini kulabo abaqhubeka bebhema.

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Inombolo 2-Ukuyeka Ukunciphisa Umngcipheko Wokufa Kwezinye Iingxaki
Ukuyeka ukutshaya kukunciphisa izinga lokufa kwizinto ezingekho komhlaza. Istockpohoto.com/Stock Photo © dmbaker

Ukuyeka ukutshaya kungekuphela kokuphucula izinga lokusinda kubantu abaninzi abaphila nomhlaza kodwa kuphucula izinga lokusinda jikelele.

Ukuba uhlala nomdlavuza ngokwakho, kulula ukucinga ngomhlaza njengento ebalulekileyo yongxaki yakho, kodwa akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njengoko abantu abaninzi basinda kwaye baphila ngaphaya komhlaza, umngcipheko wezinye izizathu zokufa ziba zikhulu.

Ukubhema kungabandakanyeki umngcipheko wezinye iimeko (jonga eli nqaku malunga nezifo ezibangelwa ukutshaya ), kodwa ukutshaya kunye kunye nezinye izifo zonyango ezifana nokunyanga kwamayeza kunye ne-chemotherapy kunokungaphezulu kwongeziweyo.

Kukunzima ukuchaza indlela ukudibanisa ukubhema kunye nomhlaza wonyango kunyusela ingozi, ngoko nantsi umzekelo wokucinga. Yithi ukutshaya kuyaphinda kube nomngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo, kwaye iyeza ezithile ze-chemotherapy ziphinda zenze ingozi yeso sifo senhliziyo. Ukutshaya ngexesha lohlobo lwe-chemotherapy lunokuba luncedo xa lufika engozini. Esikhundleni sokongeza i-2 kunye ne-2 ukufumana ingcinezelo engama-4 ekhulayo njengoko kubonakala ngathi, ingozi inokuthi ibe ngamaxesha angama-14 ngaphezulu.

Oku kufana noko kubonwe ngumdlavuza kubangela. Ubini ukutshaya nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-asbestos kuphakamisa umngcipheko womdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa ukudibanisa kokubili kwezi zinto kuphakamisa umngcipheko ophezulu kunokuba kulindeleke ngokungongeza umngcipheko wokutshaya kunye nomngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kwe-asbestos kuphela.

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Inani le-3-Ukuyeka Ukunciphisa Ubungozi Bokuxhatshazwa Kweengxaki
Ukubhema kuphakamisa umngcipheko weengxaki zokuhlinzwa. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © ChaNaWiT

Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezivela kwiingxaki-zengxaki ezinokuthi zisongela ubomi, okanye ukunciphisa umgangatho wobomi kubantu ababafumanayo.

Ngaphambi kokuba utyando luqalise, ukutshaya kuphakamisa umngcipheko weengxaki ze-anesthesia jikelele.

Ngethuba lokuhlinzwa , ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlakulela intliziyo enxulumene nobomi okanye iingxaki zokuphefumula.

Emva kokuhlinzwa , ukutshaya kubangela ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba angamahlwempu kunye nethuba elongezelelweyo lokusasazeka. Oku akuzange kubonwe kwizifundo zekliniki kodwa kunengqiqo kwimiba yezinto eziphilayo. Bobabini i-nicotine kunye ne-carbon monoxide bangela i-vasoconstriction (ukunciphisa imithana yegazi) eyanciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiifom. Ukuhamba kwegazi okukhawulelwe kwisiza sokugqeba kusebenze ukuvimbela ukulungiswa kwesilonda sokuhlinzwa.

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Inani le-4-Ukuyeka iiNgxaki zeeNgxaki kunye nokwenza unyango lwezaphulo lusebenza ngcono
Ukubhema kunciphisa ubuchule kwaye kuphakamisa ingozi yeyeza. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © Jovanmandic

Kukho izizathu ezintathu zokuba ukutshaya ngexesha lonyango lonyango luyingozi .

1. Ukunyangwa kwamayeza akubonakali kuyasebenza kubantu abatshitshiyo - Izifundo zisitshela ukuba abantu ababhema ngexesha lokunyanga kwamayeza ababenzi kunye nabangabhemi. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abanomdlavuza wesihloko nentamo abafumana imirhumo njengonyango lwabo oluphambili banomlinganiselo omninzi wokusinda oneminyaka emi-5 ukuba bayabhema, kwaye ukulahleka okubonakalayo kokusebenza kuye kwaphawulwa kubantu abanomdlavuza ongasetyenzana wesifo somhlaza. Enye yeenkcazelo emva kwalokhu kukuba i-oxygenation yamathambo (igazi elizisa i-oksijini kwiiseli) kuyimfuneko ukuba unyango lwamayeza lube nempembelelo enkulu. Xa kukho ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphantsi komhlaza ngenxa yokutshaya (ngenxa ye-vasoconstriction okanye amanqanaba okwanda kwe-carboxyhemoglobin,) iiseli zesisu zixhatshazwa kakhulu ngomonakalo obangelwa yimitha. Ukugxininiswa ngenye indlela, ukutshaya kubangela ukuveliswa kwe-cytotoxic encinci (ukubulala iseli kunye nokulimaza) i-radicals yamahhala evela kumbane (ngenxa yokuba imveliso ekhululekayo idinga i-oksijeni,) Ngaphantsi kwe-radicals yamahhala ithetha umonakalo ongaphantsi kwe-DNA kumaseli omhlaza, oku kuthetha ukuphuculwa komzimba wamaseli omhlaza. Asifuni ukuba iiseli zomhlaza ziphile.

2. Ukubhema kukhula kwaye kuphuculise iingxaki ezibangelwa yimisebe - iziphumo zokutshaya kwiimiphumo ezivakalayo ezisuka kumbane, kuquka izimo ezinjengezilonda zomlomo (i-mucositis) ukulahlekelwa yintetho, umlomo owomileyo, umbane we-pneumonitis , ukulahleka kwezwi, isistim kunye nesisindo somzimba esisisisindo, ubunzima ukulahlekelwa, kunye nokukhathala. Ukongezelela ubunzima obukhulu bezo nkxwaleko, bahlala ixesha elide kunokuba babenzela abantu abangabambi.

3. Ukubhema ngexesha lokunyanga kwamayeza kunokunyusa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphucula umdlavuza wesibili oyintloko - Ukubhema ngexesha lomhlaza wesisu emva kokuba isifo se-mastectomy sikwandise kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga kwelinye uphando olukhulu. Nangona umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu kubesifazana ababhemayo kuya kuba ngama-6 ekhulwini, le mngcipheko wenyuka phezulu kuma-38 ekhulwini kubasetyhini abavuthayo xa befumana unyango lwe-radiation kwisifuba somhlaza webele. Ukufumanisa okufanayo kufakwe phakathi kwabantu ababeshushu ngexesha le-radiation kwi-Hodgkin's disease. Ukunyanga kwamayeza kuphuculwe ngokubanzi ukususela ngeli xesha le zifundo zenziwe (ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80 neyokuqala kwe-90) kodwa ukubaluleka kwezifundo zihlala; ukutshaya ngexesha lonyango lonyango luyingozi.

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Inombolo 5-Ukubhema kunokunciphisa umphumo weKhemotherapy kunye nokuphakamisa iingxaki
Ukubhema kunokuphazamisa i-chemotherapy kunye nokwanda kwemiphumo emibi. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © contrail1

Njengoko unyango lwe-radiation, ukutshaya kunokuchaphazela i-chemotherapy ngeendlela ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo.

Ukubhema kunokunciphisa ukuphumelela kwe-chemotherapy , kwaye kunokukwenza ngendlela engaphezu kweyodwa. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

Abantu abaqhubeka bebhema ngexesha le-chemotherapy bavame ukunyuka kwimiphumo emibi , ngokomzekelo, ukhathala okwandayo, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esikhulu, kunye nokwanda komngcipheko.

Iicrotherapy ze-chemotherapy ezikhethekileyo zinokuphakamisa umngcipheko weengxaki xa zidibene nokutshaya . Ngokomzekelo, uluhlu lwamachiza e-chemotherapy olubizwa ngokuba yi-anthracyclines lungabangela umonakalo entliziyweni kwabanye abantu. Abantu abavuthayo banokuthi bavelise umonakalo wentliziyo njengempembelelo ecaleni lala machiza kunabantu abangabambi.

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Inombolo 6-Ukubhema kunciphisa umphumo wezoPiliso ezijoliswe
Ukubhema kunokunciphisa ukuphumelela kwemithi ejoliswe kumhlaza. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © iMermusta

Ixesha elonwabisayo ekwenzeni unyango lomhlaza liye lusetyenziso lwezonyango ezijoliswe kuyo- ukunyangwa okuhlaselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimihlaza kwaye kaninzi kuthwala imiphumo emibini kunezidakamizwa zendalo.

Sekunjalo kubonakala ukuba abantu abaqhubeka bebhema banokuba neziphumo ezingaphantsi xa bephathwa ngezonyango ezijoliswe kuzo. Izifundo zijonge iTarceva (erlotinib) unyango olujoliswe kubantu abaneentlobo zesifo esingekho esincinci somhlaza wamaphaphu, ziye zaphawula iziphumo ezimbi kubantu abaqhubeka bebhema. Isizathu asicaci ngokucacileyo ngeli xesha, kodwa enye ingcamango yokuba ukutshaya kubangela ukuhla kwexabiso leTarceva elikhoyo kwigazi, okwenza kube lula.

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Inani le-7-Ukuyeka ukuNciphisa iNengozi yeCancer Second
Ukubhema kuphakamisa amathuba okuphuhlisa umhlaza wesibini wesiqhelo. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © annatodica

Izifundo zisitshela ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya ngexesha lokuxilongwa ngumhlaza kunciphise kakhulu umngcipheko weekliniki zesibini .

Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulume ngeekliniki zesibini kunceda ukucacisa iinkcazo ezimbalwa. Umdlavuza wesibini wesiqhelo awuyiyo isistimas okanye isasazeka kumhlaza wokuqala. Esikhundleni salona kubhekisela kumdlavuza omtsha kwaye ohlukeneyo, ongahambelani nomdlavuza wokuqala. (Oku kuhambelana nomhlaza wesibini ongabhekisela kumdla wesibini wesiqhelo okanye kwiimitha zesifo esivela kumhlaza wokuqala.)

Ukuqhubeka ukutshaya kungabikho komngcipheko wesibini (njengokuba kulindeleke kusekelwe kumanani kunye nokubhema wedwa,) kodwa ukudibanisa ukutshaya kunye nezinye izifo zonyango kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko ophezulu kunokuba umntu otshaya kodwa ayenakho unyango lomhlaza.

Ukuqonda oku, kunokukunceda ukuqonda okufutshane malunga nokuba umdlavuza uqala njani kwindawo yokuqala. Ininzi kanomdlavuza ithathwa ngokuba "i-multifactorial" ngesizathu, nto ithetha ukuba izinto ezininzi zisebenza kunye nokuba zithinte okanye zikhusele umhlaza. Esinye seziphumo ezinobungozi zonyango lwezonyango ezifana nokwelashwa kwe-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy kukuba ezi zonyango zonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesizayo. Ukongeza le mngcipheko kumngcipheko owenziwe ngokubhema kunokufana nepetololli yesalathisi ethululelwe emlilweni.

Imizekelo embalwa ingenza kube lula ukuqonda. Kufunyenwe ukuba abantu abanomdlavuza wesihloko nentamo abaqhubeka bebhema emva kokuxilongwa kwaye ngexesha lotyando, banomngcipheko wokwakha umdlavuza wesibili oku amaxesha ama-5 aphezulu kunokuba asekelwe ekubhemeni yedwa. Kubantu abasebenzisa ukutshaya ngexesha lokunyanga kwesifo sikaHodgkin, umngcipheko wawunamaxesha angaphezulu kwama-20 ngaphezu komngcipheko ngokubhekiselele ekubhemeni yedwa kwisifundo esinye.

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Inombolo 8-Ukuyeka Ukubhema kuphucule umgangatho woBomi
Ukuyeka ukutshaya kukuphucula umgangatho wobomi kubantu abanomdlavuza. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © g-stockstudio

Ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza kuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa umgangatho wobomi ngeendlela ezininzi. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

Ukongezelela kwizifundo ukuvavanya le micimbi yobomi bobubomi, kukho ininzi yezizathu ezicacileyo zokuyeka. Khangela iingcinga zomntu omnye kweli nqaku malunga nezizathu ezi-7 ndizithandayo ukutshaya kunye nezizathu ezingama-50 ndizithiyile.

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Inani le-9-Ukuyeka ukuNciphisa umngcipheko weNtsapho kunye nabahlobo
Umsi wesibini ubangela umdlavuza kunye nezinye izifo. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photovjh020548

Ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokuqinisekileyo kukuphucula impilo yakho nomhlaza, kodwa kunokuphucula impilo yabathandekayo bakho. Uninzi lwabantu luxelelwa ukuba kufuneka bakhethe ukuziyeka, kodwa ukucinga malunga nefuthe lokuyeka kwakho kwintsapho yakho akunakulimaza.

Umsi wesibini ubangelwa yinkalo yezifo kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba kubangelwa ukuba umdlavuza wemiphunga u-3 000 unyaka ngamnye.

Ndivame ukuva abantu abatshitshisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba abayi kutshaya bebathandana nabathandekayo babo. Kwaye oku kuyancomeka. Kukho izimbobo ezimbalwa kwiingxabano, nangona kunjalo, njengokuba umsi wesibini awusiye kuphela ukukhathazeka. Siqala ukufunda malunga nefuthe lomsi wesithathu , iincinci kunye negesi ezisele kwiingubo kunye nezinye izinto emva kokuba ugwayi ucime. Kusasa kakhulu ukuqonda impembelelo yale ntsalela kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo ababhemayo, kodwa kucatshangelwa ukuba abantwana basengozini enkulu kunabantu abadala.

Into enokuba yinto engacacanga ngayo ingxaki yengqondo yakho ukutshaya emva komhlaza unokuba nayo kwintsapho yakho. Akukhona nje ukulahleka kwexesha nomntu othandekayo (ngenxa yokuya kwindawo ethile kude nentsapho ukuya kumsiya.) Ndingumhlobo omnye onokumxolela uyise ukuba angashiyi emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza. Uhlala emthukuthelele ngenxa yokuqhuma umsi, kwaye mhlawumbi unciphisa ubomi bakhe ngenxa yesizathu. Esikhundleni sokunciphisa ixesha, ukhunjuzwa kwiholide nganye ukuba abantwana bakhe babenomkhulu wakhe wayekhethile ukuba ayeke. Ngokuqinisekileyo lo mhlobo unenkinga yokujongana nayo-oko kukuthi, kufuneka afunde ukuyeka ukuxolela! Nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuba ukutshaya kunokuchaphazela abo basondeleyo kumntu otshaya ngeendlela ezingekho emzimbeni.

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Inani le-10-Ukuyeka ukuSindisa imali engasetyenziselwa unyango lwe-Cancer
Ukuyeka ukubhema kusindisa imali engasetyenziselwa unyango lomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © CarlKeyes

Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunceda ekliniki yonyango ngenye indlela: Igcina imali! Imali engasetyenziselwa unyango lomhlaza, okanye ungcono, kodwa ukunyamezela ubomi obunayo namhlanje.

Ukuba utshaya ipakethi ngosuku, oluguqulela kwi-$ 5,000 ngonyaka. Ukuba ungeze kwi-gesi ukuze ufike kwivenkile, ukuthenga okungeyomfuneko okwenzayo kwisitoreji, kunye nexesha onokuchitha imali ukwenza enye into-nokuba usebenza-loo nani inkulu kakhulu. Qala ukongeza ngezinye iindleko ezimbalwa (cinga: iindleko zamathambo ezivela kwiingxaki zamazinyo eziphathelene nokubhema) kunye nenani linyuke ngakumbi. Ngokutsho kweCDC, iindleko zoqoqosho zokutshaya eUnited States zingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-300 ngonyaka.

I-cancer iyabiza kakhulu kumacala omabini. Iindleko zonyango lononophelo ziphezulu kunokuba ngaphambi komhlaza, ngelixa iholo lihlala liphantsi. EUnited States ngoku, malunga nama-60 ekhulwini lokungabikho komntu ngenxa yeendleko zonyango, uninzi lwaba ngumhlaza.

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Ingxowa eyongezelelweyo-Ukuyeka ukushiya ilifa
Xa uyeka ukutshaya, unika abo ba landela kwiinyawo zakho isipho esiphakade. Istockphoto.com/Stock Photo © eclnosiva

Ngaba uye wafunda " Ukubulala i-Mockingbird" nguHarper Lee? Ndiyifunda ngokuvakalayo kubantwana bam ngabanye, kwaye umlingisi omnye wayehlala ekhupha ingxoxo. UNksz Henry Lafayette Dubose. UMnu. Dubose wayengumfazi omdala onobubele, onomntu onomdla wecantankerous uphuthunyiswa ngumnqweno wakhe wokurhoxisa kwi-morphine ekupheleni kobomi. Umlingiswa wakhe ukhuthaza umbuzo othi: "Kutheni umntu ehamba into engathandekiyo xa efa ngokukhawuleza?"

Ndiqinisekile ukuba kukho ukuchazwa ezininzi kweendlela zakhe zokuziphatha kunye nemiphumo yakhe, kodwa kubonakala sengathi uNksz Dubose wafezekisa izinto ezimbini kwi-quest yakhe. Omnye wayekuzibonakalise ukuba unokuyenza into enzima kakhulu ngaphambi kokufa, kodwa enye yayisigxina. Wabonisa kwabanye (cinga iScout) ukuba ubunzima bufikeleleke ngokwenene, kwaye sihlala sinamandla ngaphezu kokukholelwa ukuba sinakho. Ukubona ukuba amandla kwabanye abantu asishukumisela ukuba sifumane amandla kuloo.

Mhlawumbi mhlawumbi indlela ende yokuthetha ukuba nangona izizathu ezidlulileyo ezili-10 zokuyeka ukutshaya nomhlaza azikwanele, kukho enye. Ithuba lokuzibonela ngamandla akho ebomini bakho, kunye nethuba lokunika ubungqina bakho kubahlobo kunye nosapho ukuba sinamandla ngaphezu kokukholelwayo.

Ukuba awukayekanga, zizenzele wena njengomntu otshayela ukutshaya. Ngaba uziva zakho iingcamango? "Ndiyenzile!" Unokuva iingcinga zentombi yakho? "Ndiyaziqhenya ngoba. Nangona wayesazi ukuba kwakungeke kwenzeke umahluko omkhulu (njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, unako) wasibonisa indlela enamandla ngayo ukukhaba umkhwa." Musa ukuma apho. "Ukukwazi ukuba ubaba wam unamandla kunceda njani ukuba ndikwazi ukuba ndibe namandla.Ukuba unako ukuyeka ukutshaya nxamnye nomdlavuza, ndicinga ukuba ndinamandla okwanele ukuba ndijongane ____ (gcwalisa ingenanto.)"

Mhlawumbi lo mzekeliso ungento engalunganga, kodwa akuyiyo yonke into ecacileyo. Ndiyintombi eyaziqhayisa ngootata onokukhaba umkhwa emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza kwaye ufumene amandla kuloo lifa.

Ufuna ntoni ifa lakho?

(PS andiyikuyeka ukubhalwa ngaphambi kokuba wenze into ecacileyo into ebalulekileyo.) Uthando lwentsapho lufanele lube lungekho mqathango. Andiyi kuthanda ubaba omncinci kuncinci ukuba wayekhethile ukuba aqhube ukutshaya.Kodwa kukho izihlandlo, xa intaba ebomini yam ibonakala ngathi kulula ukulinganisa umzekelo kabawo.)

Ukulungele ukuyeka? Ibhokisi lebhokisi lokuyeka ukubhema linikela ngolwazi, izixhobo kunye nezizathu zokukunceda ukuba uqale namhlanje.

Imithombo:

I-American Society ye-Clinical Oncology. I-Cancer.net Ukusetyenziswa koTywala ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza. 04/2012. http://www.cancer.net/kuvakalisa

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