Abafazi abasetyhini bahlakulela kaninzi umdlavuza wamaphaphu? Ngaba abantu banokufumana unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ngexesha ukhulelwe? Ngaba ukukhulelwa kufuneka kupheliswe? Ekubeni kubonakala ukuba umhlaza wamaphaphu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo uyanda, le mibuzo ibalulekileyo. Khumbula ukuba nabani abaneemiphunga bangakwazi ukufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu.
I-Cancer yeLung In Women's Pregnancy
Abantu abaninzi bayamangaliswa xa beva ukuba abafazi abakhulelweyo bangaba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Uninzi lwabantu ludibana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunye nalawo asebekhulile kwaye abhema. Nangona kunjalo akusoloko kunjalo.
Umdlavuza womlenze unokwenzeka kubantu abadala kwaye ngokungafani nokunciphisa kwangoko umhlaza womphunga kubantu abadala, umdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu abancinci ukwanda. Enyanisweni, kwiqela elinye labantu, iziganeko zomhlaza wemiphunga zandisile kakhulu: abancinci, abangabhiyiyo.
Sekunjalo xa umdlavuza wemiphunga ungenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, akuqhelekanga. Asiqinisekanga ngento ekhoyo, kodwa ngo-2017, kwakuneengxaki ezingaphantsi kwe-70 zomhlaza wamaphaphu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ababebhaliswe kwincwadi yoncedo lwezokwelapha.
Ngaba Ingqumbo Yeengculaza Ehlukile Kwiimfazana Ezikhulelweyo?
Abazange babe nabesifazane abakhulelweyo abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ukwenza izifundo ezinzulu zale khansela, kodwa siyazi ukuba umhlaza wamaphaphu kubantu abadala abasoloko behlukile kumdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu abadala asebekhulile, umhlaza wesifo samaphaphu kwabesetyhini unokungafani nemiphunga umhlaza emadodeni, kwaye umhlaza wesifo somdlavuza kumntu ongabhemi udla ngokungafaniyo nabangabhemi.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zezo ntlukwano.
Iintlobo
Kucingelwa ukuba imiphunga ye-lung adenocarcinoma , uhlobo lwesifo somhlaza wesifo samangqamuzana, asixanduva malunga neepesenti ezingama-85 zamanomdla emiphunga atholakala kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Olu hlobo lomhlaza womphunga ofunyanwa ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abancinci kwaye abasoze batshaya nesifo.
Kutheni Kungase Kunzima Ukuxubusha
Isizathu esicacileyo sokuba kutheni umhlaza wesibeleko kumabhinqa abakhulelweyo kunokuba nzima ukuba sizama ukuphepha ukukhutshwa kwe-radiation, njenge-lung sc-CT okanye i-chest x-rays, ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Esinye isizathu, nangona kunjalo, sinxulumene nohlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wamaphaphu ofumaneka kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo abakhankanywe ngasentla.
Kukho iindidi ezibalulekileyo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu: umhlaza wesifo se-cell ummangali (NSCLC) kunye nomhlaza wesifo somnxeba omncinci (SCLC). kunye neepesenti ezingama-80 zamanomdla emiphunga e-NSCLC. Amanqamzana amancinci amancinci amancinci aphinda aphulwe angena kumapheneni adenocarcinomas (malunga ne-50 ekhulwini ye-NSCLC) i-squamous cell carcinomas yomphunga (iipesenti ezingama-30 ze-NSCLC) kunye nomdlavuza omkhulu wamangqamuzana.
Amancinci amancinci omnxeba wamaphaphu kunye ne-squamous cell cell cancer Ezi zifo zomdlavuza zivame ukubangela iimpawu ezinjengexesha lokuqala, ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukusuleleka kwezifo ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwamanzi, okanye ukukhwehlela igazi. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-lung adenocarcinomas idla ukukhula kwimida yemiphunga. Ezi khansela zingakhula kakhulu phambi kokuba zibangele iimpawu. Ngenxa yendawo yabo, bavame ukudala ukuphefumula okufutshane okuhamba phambili, ngokuqhelekileyo okokuqala kuqala kuphela ngokuzikhandla. Basenokubangela ukukhathala.
Ekubeni umlinganiselo othile wokuphefumula kunye nokukhathala kuxhaphake ngokukhulelwa, abaninzi abafazi baqala ukugxotha iimpawu zomhlaza weemiphunga njengento ehlobene nokukhulelwa, ingakumbi ukuba abazange bavume.
Gene mutations
Phakathi kwabaselula abadala, abangabhemi, kunye nabasetyhini abanomdlavuza wemiphunga, kukho imeko enkulu "yokuguquka kwemizimba." Ngamanye amagama, izibilini kubantu abaselula ziyakwazi ukuba neenguqu zofuzo eziza kusebenza ngokutsha. Ngenxa yoko, kubaluleke kakhulu kubasetyhini abafunyaniswa ngethuba lokukhulelwa (kunye nabo bonke abantu abadala abasifo esi sifo) ukuba babe nokuprofilisa kwee molecular (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) kwenziwa kwiimvumi zabo.
Ezinye zeenguqu ziquka ukuguquka kwe-EGFR , ukulungiswa kwe-ALK, ukulungiswa kwe-ROS1 kunye nokunye.
Ukuxilongwa
Unokufumana njani umhlaza wamaphaphu kwaye uqhutywe ngendlela eyenza ukunciphisa ukukhanya kweemitha kumntwana? Kukho iindlela zokuhlola umhlaza wamaphaphu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Uvavanyo olunjengeMRI alusebenzisi i-radiation kwaye lubonwa njengokukhuselekileyo kokukhulelwa. Izifundo ze-X-ray ezifana ne-CT scans zingenziwa xa kuyimfuneko ukuba umntwana ukhuseleke kwi-exposure.
Kutheni umdlavuza weLung in Women's Pregnancy is increasing
Kucinga ukuba isizathu esona sizathu sokuba umhlaza wamaphaphu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo uyanda kukuba umhlaza wemiphunga ukwanda kubantu abaselula emhlabeni jikelele. Ngelo xesha, ixesha lokukhulelwa kokuqala landa kumazwe athuthukile. Kubonakala ukuba isizathu sibangaphezu kokungabikho komsi wesibane, kodwa izizathu ezichanekileyo zisicacile ngeli xesha. Siyazi ukuba kukho ubudlelwane phakathi komdlavuza wesi-esrogen nomdlavuza kodwa ayiqinisekanga ukuba le nto ingadlala indima kodwa ayiqinisekanga ukuba oku kungadlala indima
Ukujongana nomhlaza we-Lung njengowesifazane okhulelweyo
Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wemiphunga ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokubonakala ngathi kuphuma kwintsimi ekhohlo. Ulindele ukuva amagama athi "yinkwenkwe" okanye "intombazana," kungekhona "unomdlavuza wamaphaphu."
Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kukho izinto ezimbalwa omele wazi. Abantu baye bafumana unyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa baze baqhubeka nokuhambisa abantwana abasempilo. Kusenokumangalisa, kodwa unyango olunjengezinye iintlobo ze-chemotherapy lukhuselekile kancinci kwithuba lokugqibela lokukhulelwa (kungekhona ngekota yokuqala).
UkuLawula zombini
Ukufunyaniswa ukuba nomhlaza wemiphunga ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuyinto encane njengokuhamba kwe-tightrope, kodwa uhambo oluhamba phambili luya kulunge ngakumbi xa uneengcali ezikunceda kumacala omabini. Kubalulekile ukufumana i-oncologist ekhululekile ukuphatha abafazi abakhulelwe ngomhlaza wemiphunga. Unokufuna ukufumana uluvo lwesibini (okanye i-3 okanye ye-4). Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuba nomdla wesigqirha ogxininisekile ekukhulelweni okuphezulu kubalulekile. Lo gqirha unokukunceda uqikelele ubungozi bokungcoliswa kwangaphambili kunye nokuhanjiswa kwangethuba kunye nemingcipheko yokuqhubeka nokukhulelwa nokubonakalisa umntwana kwizonyango ozifunayo.
Izinyango Zonyango
Ukuphanda umhlaza wemiphunga kunika ithuba elihle lokunyanga kwabasetyhini abanezifo zesigaba sokuqala (isigaba 1, iSigaba 2, kunye nesigaba 3A). Utyando lwabaThiracic lunokuthi lwenziwa kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, nangona unonophelo oluthile lufunekayo ukuze kuqaphelwe zimbini izigulane. Ukukhula kwesisu kusenokudala imingeni. Njengalo naluphi na unyango iqela lokukhathalela kuquka udokotela ogqirha, i-oncologist, kunye nesigqirha sezitalathisi kuya kufuneka ukuba basebenzisane kunye ukuze bafumane unonophelo olungakumbi kumama nomntwana.
Ngexesha lesibini neyesithathu, i- chemotherapy ayinxulumene nomphumo we-teratogenic, oko kuthetha ukuba i-chemotherapy ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibangelwe ukukhulelwa. Kukho umngcipheko weintsana ezinesisindo sokuzalwa esincinane kunye nomngcipheko omncinci wokulinda ukukhula kwe-intrauterine.
Uphando lwe-2010 lufumene ukuba i-metastases kumntwana ovela kwidumbu yenzeke i-26 ekhulwini yexesha. Ngenxa yobu mngcipheko, ingcali yakho ingacinga ukuhambisa umntwana wakho kakuhle phambi komhla osemthethweni. Kwesinye isifundo, kwafunyanwa ukuba abafazi baphathwa nge-chemotherapy ngelixa bekhulelwe, bekungabikho i-metastase kwi-placenta okanye i-fetus.
Ngokubanzi, iipilisi ezifana neTarceva (erlotinib) ze-EGFR zitshintshi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kwiimeko ezimbalwa apho kukho ezintathu zezidakamizwa, iTarceva, Iressa (gefitinib), okanye i-Xalkori (crizotinib) isetyenzisiwe, kwakungabikho ubungqina bokuba nawuphi na umphumo kwintsana emva kokunikezelwa. Ingqalelo kukuba abafazi abancinci (abo banokukhulelwa) banamathuba amaninzi kunomlinganiselo wokuba utshintsho olujoliswe kuyo, kwaye kufuneka ukuba bonke bafumane iifomula zeprofayili (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) ezenziwe kwiimvumi zabo.
Ukunyameka emva kokuba unyango lwe-Lung Cancer
Ukuba uhlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ungase uzibuze ngokukhulelwa kwangaphambili. Kuyinyani ukuba ezinye iziyobisi zonyango zingabangela ukungabikho, kwaye ke le mibuzo uyifuna ukuyibuza ngokukhawuleza ukuba unethemba lokuba nomnye umntwana. Kukho ukhetho, njengama-embroyifriji eqanda ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, onokushiya umnyango uvule ukuba ungathanda ukukhulelwa kwikamva. Ngelo xesha uya kuhlangabezana nesigqibo malunga nokuba unempilweni ngokwaneleyo ukuba uthabathe umntwana okanye ukuba ufanele uqwalasele isithandana.
Okukwintsusa
Umdlavuza womlenze ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Nangona kukho imingcipheko emininzi, abantu abaninzi baye bafumana unyango baze bavelise abantwana abasempilo. Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuxhomekeke ekude kangakanani nawe (ubudala bentsana). kunye neminye imiba enjengehlobo kunye nesigaba somhlaza wakho, ukuprofetwa kwee molecular kunye nenkxaso yentlalo.
> Imithombo:
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> Garrido, M., Clavero, J., Huete, A., Sanchez, C., Solar, A., Alvarez, M., no-E. Orellana. Ukusinda Kwangapheli Kwesifazana Sineengqungquthela Zengculaza Efunyaniswayo kunye Nokuthathwa Nge-Chemotherapy Ngethuba Lokukhulelwa. Ukuhlaziywa kweeNkundla ezichazwe. Cancer Lung . 2008. 60 (2): 285-90.
> Mitrou, S., Petrakis, D., Fotopoulos, G. et al. I-Cancer Ngomhla ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuhlaziywa okufutshane. Umbhalo woPhando oluPhezulu . 2016. 7 (4): 571-574.
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