4 Iimiqobo ezichaphazela unyango lwe-HIV

Ziziphi iindlela zokuphila eziKhethekileyo ezinokukunciphisa iminyaka eyi-15

1 -

Ukunganyaniseki kweDrug: Ukulahlekelwa kweMinyaka eyi-10

Kucaciswe ngokucacileyo ukuba ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nonyango lwe-HIV kunokunyusa ixesha lokuphila . Enyanisweni, uphando olusuka kwi-Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MAC) luphelile ukuba umntu oqala unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) kuma-CD4 amanqaku angaphezu kwama-350 cells / μL unokukwazi ukuba nexesha elide elilinganayo okanye elikhulu kunalowo ongenasifo ngamnye. E-US, eguqulela kwithuba lokuphila iminyaka engama-76 kumadoda kunye neminyaka engama-81 kubafazi.

Ukucatshulwa namhlanje kukuba, ngelixa i-ART ihambelana neenzuzo ezinzulu kwiminyaka yokuphila, iminqweno yansuku zonke kunye nezigqibo esizenzayo zingathatha ininzi-nokuba ayinayo yonke yale mivuzo. Oku kulandelayo yimikhwa emi-4 enokunciphisa ubomi bakho kangangeminyaka eyi-15 kunye namanyathelo onokuthatha ukuze uguqule loo malahleko ukuba unayo i-HIV.

Ukungaphumeleli kwimizuzu ethile yeyeza lakho le-HIV ngumntu kuphela. Ukwenza njalo uyingxaki epheleleyo, ingathinteli nje kuphela ukusebenza kwamachiza akho, kodwa yinkqubo yesifo sakho.

Nangona iintsholongwane ze-antiretroviral zilula kakhulu namhlanje kunanini ngaphambili-ezineepilisi ezimbalwa, iziphumo ezincinci zincinci, kunye needyuli ze-dosing ezilula-njengoko bambalwa ngamaphesenti angama-60 alawo unyango abakwaziyo ukugcina amanqanaba okunyanzelisa ayimfuneko yokukhusela ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane. Ngokuhluleka ukugcina umthamo we-viral ingabonakali , izigulane ziyakwazi ukufumana ukungaphumeleli kokonyango njengoko ziqhubeka zichasene nezidakamizwa zabo ze-HIV. Ngenxa yoko, ukhetho lwezempilo oluxabisekileyo lulahlekile, kaninzi ngonaphakade.

Ukuhluleka kwonyango kudla ukudibanisa nokunyanzeliswa kweziyobisi ezingekho kakuhle , kwaphakathi kwalabo abanomsebenzi omninzi wentsholongwane. Uphando olusuka kwiYunivesithi yaseMcGill eMontreal luye lwacebisa ukuba izigulane ezithintekayo "ezinokuthi zibonwe" (ie, phakathi kwama-50 no-199 iikopi / mL) zinomngcipheko omkhulu wama-400 ekwelapheni ukwelashwa kunezo ezinokunyanzeliswa kwe-virus.

Ngo-2015, iSifundo se-HIV eColorborative Cohort (UK CHIC) Isifundo sifunde kwimpembelelo yokunciphisa i-virus kwixesha lokuphila komntu kwaye yagqiba ukuba indoda eneminyaka engama-35 ayikwazi ukufikelela umthwalo wentsholongwane engabonakaliyo ngelixa i-ART ingalindela ukulahlekelwa ngu-10 iminyaka yokulindela ubomi, nangona ukuba inani le-CD4 lingaphezulu kwe-350 cell / μL.

2 -

Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa: Ukulahleka kweminyaka eyi-11

Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa akunxulumene nomngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana i- HIV kunye nesifo se-hepatitis C , sinokunyusa amathuba okufa ngenxa yentsholongwane echaphazelekayo ne-AIDS, kwabaninzi nalabo abanako ukufezekiswa ngentsholongwane.

Isifundo esivela kwiBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence kwi-HIV / AIDS kwiVancouver ihlolisise iqondo lokuhlala kwezilwanyana kwi-2,637 abasebenzisa iziyobisi ze-HIV (ii-IDU) kwi-20 ubudala, ukuqokelela ixesha kunye nezizathu zokufa kwabathathi-nxaxheba abangama-200 abafeleyo ngaphezu kwexesha leminyaka esixhenxe. Ngoxa i-overdose nokuzibulala yayingama-19 ekhulwini abantu abafayo, i-HIV kunye nezifo ezithintekayo zixhomekeke kubuninzi bebonke, zihambelana nokulahlekelwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-11 yobomi kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko yonyango.

Ucwaningo olulinganayo oluvela kwiTufts-New England Medical Centre luye lwajonga i-ID6 ezingama-656 ngaphezu kwexesha elihlanu leminyaka kwaye yagqiba ukuba uninzi lwabafayo phakathi kwabasebenzisi abane-HIV (ama-66 ekhulwini) bebanjelwe kwi-HIV okanye usulelo olusondeleyo, ngelixa isithathu sasihlobene ngqo nokusetyenziswa kakubi ngokweziyobisi okanye udlame.

3 -

Ukutshaya: Ukulahlekelwa kwe-12 iminyaka

Ukubhema , njengento ezimeleyo, kuthathwa njengefuthe elikhulu ekufeni nasekufeni kubantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo kunanoma yintoni na isifo se-HIV okanye esingenayo i-HIV. Yintoni eyenza oku kube nzima kakhulu ukuba abantu abane-HIV banokuphindwa kabili ukutshaya abantu abangenayo igciwane kwaye bathambekele ekuphuhliseni izifo ezinxulumene nokubhema 10 ukuya kwe-15 ngaphambili ngaphambili.

Isifundo se-2013 kwisibhedlele saseYunivesithi saseCopenhagen sabika ukuba ukutshaya, ngaphakathi kwayo, kunciphisa ixesha lokuphila ngoomyinge weminyaka eyi-12 kubantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo-ngokuphindwe kabini umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo esichukumisayo, ngokuphindwe kabini umngcipheko wokufa kwisifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD). ), kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu ngamaphesenti angama-1400 xa kuthelekiswa noluntu jikelele.

Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuyeka ukutshaya phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV kunxulumene nokunciphisa ama-65 ekhulwini kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo emva kweminyaka emithathu kuphela kunye neepesenti ezingama-50 eziwela ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu emva komnyaka omnye kuphela.

4 -

Ukulahla i-HIV unyango: Ukulahlekelwa kwe-15 iminyaka

Ukuziqhelanisa kunye nokuphepha kuyimimiselo emibini umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo akakwazi ukukwazi ukuzenza, ngakumbi xa kuthethwa unyango lwe-HIV. Ngokulibaziseka unyango iminyaka kunye namashumi eminyaka, uvumela intsholongwane ukuba ichithe i-immune system yakho xa ihambisa umzimba wakho kwiminyaka yokuvuvukala engakhokelela ekuphuculweni kwangaphambi kokugula .

Abaphandi abavela kwi-UK CHIC Study baphetha ukuba umntu olibazisa unyango de ukuba inani lakhe le-CD4 lihlahla ngaphantsi kweelitha ezingama-350 / μL lingalindela ukuhlala iminyaka engama-15 ngaphantsi komntu oqala ngaphezu kwama-cell cells / μL. Kwi-flip ecaleni, ukuqala unyango ngexesha lokuxilongwa , kungakhathaliseki ukuba yi-CD4 count, ayinakwandisa nje amathuba okuphila okuqhelekileyo kodwa kunciphisa umngcipheko weengculaza kunye nezifo ezingahambelana ne-HIV ngama-53 ekhulwini.

> Imithombo:

> ISIGABA SOKUQALA IQela lokuFunda. "Ukuqaliswa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwi-Antiretroviral Infection." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Julayi 20, 2015; INGXELO: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.

> I-Laprise, iC .; de Pokomandy, A .; Baril, J; okqhubekayo. "Ukungaphumeleli kwe-Virologic emva kwe-viremia ephantsi eqhubekayo kwiqela lezigulane ezine-HIV: iziphumo ezivela kwiminyaka eyi-12 yokujonga." Izifo ezithathelwanayo zonyango. Novemba 2013; 57 (10): 1489-96

> NgoMeyi, iM .; Gompels, M .; Delpech, V .; okqhubekayo. "Ndiyingozi kumdla wokuphila kwabantu abane-HIV-1 abanomdla we-CD4 + count cell kunye ne-viral response response to antiretroviral therapy." AIDS. Meyi 15, 2014; 28 (8): 1193-1202.

> Helleberg M .; Afzal, S .; IKronborg, G; okqhubekayo. "Ukufa okubangelwa ukutshaya phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV-1: isifundo sobonke besizwe esiphezulu." Izifo ezithathelwanayo zonyango. Matshi 2013; 56 (5): 723-734.

> Clifford G .; Lise, M .; Franceschi, S .; et al. "Umdlavuza womlenze kwi-Swiss study class cohort: indima yokubhema, i-immunodeficiency and pulmary infections." IBritish Journal of Cancer. NgoJanuwari 12, 2012; 106 (3): 447-452.