I-Secondhand Pot Pot i-Smoke Riss kunye ne-Testing Impact Implications
Ngaba usondeza umsi womsi onobungozi okanye unokususa umsi womsi wokutshaya uvavanyo lwakho lweziyobisi emsebenzini? Le mibuzo ibalulekileyo ekufuneka ibuze yona.
I-Secondhand Marijuana Exfure Exposure
Sivile ngefuthe lokubhema ukutshaya umsi wenkomo kwiminyaka emininzi, kodwa ngokuqinisekiswa kwentsholongwane kwamanye amazwe, kukho ukukhathazeka ngokubhekiselele kwintambo yomshumbane wokutshiswa komsi.
Ezi nkxalabo zivela kumabini amabini. Omnye uxhalabisa impilo. Ngaba ukutshintshisa i-marijuana ukuthungca umsi kunobungozi obubi kwimpilo yabantu abangabonakali ngabasebenzisi? Kwaye, abo bangabhemki i-marijuana kodwa baxhamle kunye nabangcolileyo, ingabe le nkunkuma ingachaphazela ukuhlolwa kweziyobisi?
Ziyayifana njani na ukuVakalisa?
Kunzima ukwazi ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa komsi womncuba oqhelekileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu kuba kungekho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi.
Olunye uphando olutshanje lusetyenziswe ukuhlolisisa lo mbuzo ngokubuza abantu kwiiyunivesithi ezimbini ezikumzantsi-mpuma. Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba:
- Ama-14.5 ekhulwini abathathi-nxaxheba bavumela ukutshaya ugwayi ekhaya
- Iipesenti ezingama-17 zavumela ukuba inambuzane igubhe ekhaya
- Iipesenti ezingama-35.9 zavumela ukutshaya ugwayi kwiimoto
- Amaphesenti angama-27.3 avumela i-marijuana ukutshaya kwiimoto
Ngokuqinisekileyo, esi sifundo sivavanya kuphela i-subset yabantu, kodwa ukususa isigidimi kukuba abantu abaninzi banokubhenela ukutshaya umsila.
Iingozi zeMpilo
Siyazi ukuba ukuxhamla kwendoda yogubhu kungabangela ingozi yempilo kodwa kuthekani ngabangewona abasebenzisi abaye bafumana umsi womsila?
Kukho ubunzima ekuhloliseni izingozi ezinokubangela umsi womnxeba; akuyona into encinci yokuba akukho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi, ukwenza izifundo zilukhuni.
Enye into yokuba ubungqina benambuzane sele buguqukile ngokuhamba kwexesha; amajoyina abanjelwa ngama-hippies kwiminyaka engama-60 ayifani nalabo abavuthayo namhlanje. Kodwa siye safunda izinto ezimbalwa kwaye sinokuqwalasela izinto ezimbalwa.
- Uphando olwalubekwe kwi-American Heart Associations (AHA) Iintlanganiso zeSayensi ngo-2014 zibonisa ukuba ukuphefumula umsi womsila kungabi yingozi kuphela kodwa kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimithambo yegazi njengomsi womsi wecuba.
Olu phando lubhekisele kwimpembelelo yomshumbisi womsila kwimithanjeni yegazi, nangona iigubhu. Amagqabi athatyathwa ukuba atshise umsila womshumbane wawunomlinganiselo wokunciphisa ama-70 ekhulwini kumsebenzi wamanzi. (Ezi ziphumo zifana neenkizi ezichazwe kumsila oqukethe i-THC njengoko kungenjalo, ngoko kwakucatshangelwa ukuba i-THC yodwa ayiyena yecala.)
Eyona nkxalabo eyongezelelekileyo kukuba ngelixa umsebenzi weempahla zamanzi ubuyiswa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo emva kwemizuzu engama-40 amaqanda abonakaliswe ngumsi womsi wocuba, okwakungenjalo kwimiba yomsi womsila; kwiimpondo ezichazwe kumsila womsila, umsebenzo wezitya zegazi uphinde wachaphazeleka emva kweli xesha.
Enyanisweni, inyathelo elilandelayo libonisa ukubaluleka komsebenzi wexabiso lomsele wegazi, into edibeneyo ne- atherosclerosis .Iintsholongwane zentliziyo .
- Enye inkxalabo ejikeleze iikhemikhali ezinobungozi kumsi wesigare ; Umsi wocuba kunye nentambo yegunju ichanekile ngokwemvelo, kwaye ngoko ke ininzi yeekhemikhali ezinobungozi kumsi wesigareyi ziyakuthi zitholakale kumsi womsila. Singazenza iingqiqo ngokusekelwe kulobu bungqina-ukuba imichiza edala umhlaza womsi womsi wocuba obunobangela wokufa kwabantu abangama-34 000 ngonyaka e-United States nayo ikhutshwe ngogubhu-kodwa ide iqhube izifundo, akukho mntu unokuthetha ngokuqinisekileyo . Kwisifundo esithile, amanqanaba e-ammonia amaxesha angaphezulu kwama-20 aphakamisa umsi womsila kunomsi womsila wecuba. Amanqanaba e-hydrogen cyanide kunye nama-ammon aromatic ayenama-3 ukuya kuma-5 aphindaphindiweyo ekutshitshiseni umsila onotshani kunomsi womsi wecuba.
- Inkxalabo yokugqibela ayikho ingozi enxulumene nomsi womsi womsi ngamnye kodwa uyingozi yeso sibalo kulabo abashushu umsiju. Abantwana kunye neenja ziye zabuhlungu ngenxa yokungena ngengozi yentsangu. Ukususela kwizibilini eziphukileyo ezinokunqumla, kwiinkcenkceshelo zezemali ezibekwe kwii-nonusers ezikufuphi (umzekelo ukuba umntwana unomzali ojongene neengxaki zomthetho ngenxa yokusetyenziswa,) zonke izinto ezifuneka ukuba ziqwalaselwe ngabantu abakhetha ukutshaya i-marijuana.
Iimiphumo ze-Secondhand i-Marijuana Umsiza kwi-Urine Drug Screens ye-Non-Smokers
Ngaba ukutshatyalaliswa kwendoda yokugonywa kwamanci kumntu ongabhemi kubangela izikrini ezichanekileyo zeziyobisi?
Nangona izifundo ezindala zazibonakala zingathi cha, uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba impendulo nguwebo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, nokuba kunjalo. Oko kwathiwa, yebo ufanelwe inkcazelo. Kwakungekho lula kumntu ongeyena umsebenzisi ukuba abe novavanyo oluhle. Kwisifundo esathi "ewe," abangewona abasebenzisi babephantsi kokuthiwa "ukutshatyalaliswa ngokugqithiseleyo" -ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kumagumbi angenawo umoya-into enokuziqonda ngokucacileyo umntu. Ngolu hlobo lwesimo, ithuba Iiphumo "elibi" liye lancipha ngokukhawuleza ixesha; izikrini zeziyobisi ziya kuqhelekileyo kwimizuzu yemizuzu okanye iiyure.
Isiphelo sesifundo esithile esidala kukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba abantu babengazibekezeli ngokungazi imeko zemoya ezimbi eziya kubangela uvavanyo oluhle. Ithetha ntoni le nto? Ukuba usengozini yokuba novavanyo oluhle, mhlawumbi uxhomekeke kwisihlwele esingalunganga.
Amanyathelo alandelayo
Njengoko amazwe amaninzi asemthethweni, iimeko ezinxulumene nokuboniswa kwesibini ziya kuhlolisiswa ngakumbi.
Abangewona abasebenzisi - Gweba umsi womncuba. Ukuba abathandekayo bakho basebenzise, bacele ukuba basebenzise kude nawe, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kungekhona kwisithuba esingenawo umoya.
Kubasebenzisi - Umthetho awuthetha ukuba yingozi. Khangela la manqaku:
- Izindlela I-Marijuana Ichaphazela Ukuhamba
- Ngaba i-Marijuana ikhokelela ekusebenziseni ezinye iziyobisi?
- Iziphumo zexesha elide leMarjuana
Kwaye, khumbula ukuba ukusebenzisa ixesha elide le-marijuana kunokubangela ukuba umlutha kwabanye abantu.
> Imithombo
> American Heart Association. IAA Newsroom. Ukutshitshisa umsila umsi womonakalo ungonakalisa imilambo yegazi njengokuba utshaya utshayi. I-American Heart Association Iingxelo zeNtlanganiso Ingqungquthela ka-19538. NgoNovemba 16, 2014. http://newsroom.heart.org/news/secondhand-marijuana-smoke-may-damage-blood-vessels-as-much-as-tobacco-smoke
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). Iimiphumo zeMpilo yoMsi. 03/05/14. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/secondhand_smoke/health_effects/
> Ikhonkco, E., Bigelow, G., Hermann, E., Mitchell, J., LoDico, C., Flegel, R., no R. Vandrey. Ukungabonakali koTshwala Ukubonakaliswa koMswakama wesinnabis Secondhand: I Urine Screening kunye neziqinisekiso zokuqinisekisa. Umbhalo we-Analytical Toxicology . 2014 Okthoba 17. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprintwa).
> Ikhonkco, E., Johnson, R., Darwin, W., Yousefnejad, D., ell, L., Paul, B., kunye noJit. Mitchell. Ukutsaliswa kwe-marijuana engapheliyo: ukuvuthwa kwe-urinalysis kunye nomgangatho womoya wendawo ye-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Umbhalo we-Analytical Toxicology . 1987. 11 (3): 89-96.
> Fitgerald, K., Bronstein, A., no K. Newquist. I-marijuana yetyhefu. Izihloko kwi-Companion Animal Medicine . 2013. 28 (1): 8-12.
> Akukho mbhali abhaliweyo. Marijuana yonyango. Ukubonelelwa kweso sibini akukho sizathu sovavanyo oluhle. Umgaqo-nkqubo we-AID . 2003. 18 (17): 8.
> Moir, D. et al. Ukuthelekiswa kweMigodi kunye ne-Sidestream i-Marijuana kunye noTuba igreyidi I-SMoke eveliswe ngaphantsi kweMibini yokuTshisa iMishini. Uphando lweMichiza kwi-Toxicology . 2008. 21: 494-502.
> Padilla, M., Berg, C., Schauer, Gl, Lang, D., noMn. Kegler. Ukuvumela ugwayi okanye inambuzane ukutshaya ekhaya nasemotweni: ukuxhaphaka kunye ne-correlates kwisampula omdala osemdala. Uphando lwezeMpilo . 2014 Sep 11. (Epub ngaphambi kokushicilela).
> Wang, G., Roosevelt, G., noK. Heard. Ukugqitywa kwentsholongwane yebhonasi kwimeko yengcambu yonyango. JAMA Pediatrics . 2013. 167 (7): 630-3.