I-4 Imininzi Imibuzo Ebuzwa Ngokuphindaphindiweyo
Ukuqonda iimpawu kunye neempawu ze- HIV zisenza sikwazi ukunyanga (kunye nokuphepheka) kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukho zibonakaliso ekuqaleni kokusuleleka koGawulayo, kwaye ukuba xa iimpawu zigqitywa ukuba zivele, kudla emva kokuba intsholongwane ibangele umonakalo ongenakucinganiswa kumzimba womzimba.
Ukwesaba kunye neengcamango ezingalunganga malunga ne-HIV kunokuthintela abantu ukuba bafune unyango kunye nokunyamekela abayidingayo , ngokungacaciswanga igama elithi "asymptomatic" njengentsingiselo "ngaphandle kokusuleleka."
Abanye, okwangoku, balinde de iimpawu ziqinise okanye zingabinaki ngokupheleleyo baze bagqitywe-behluleka ukuqonda ukuba ukubethelwa kweempawu zexesha elifutshane akubonakaliso lokuphucula okanye "uphawu olucacileyo" ukuba isifo sitshintshiwe.
Ngoko ke le ndawo ixhaphakileyo kukuba abaninzi bayaqhubeka nokuphepha unyango ngokungadingekile, kaninzi iminyaka. Namhlanje, inani le- CD4 eliqhelekileyo ekuqaleni kwe- antiretroviral therapy (i-ART) limi kwiiseli ezili-145 / mL kumazwe aphantsi angeniso, 155 iiseli / mL kumazwe angeniso-mali angaphantsi, ama-135 amaseli / mL kumazwe aphezulu angeniso, kunye nee-274 iiseli / mL kumazwe aphezulu angeniso.
(Izikhokelo zase-US zincoma i-ART kwinqanaba le-CD4 okanye ngaphezulu kwe-CD4, ngelixa abantu abane-CD4 count engaphantsi kwe-200 babonwa ngokuba ne- AIDS .)
Nangona kubalulekile ukubona iimpawu ze-HIV, iimpawu zodwa azinakuze ziqinisekise ukuba isifo senzekile okanye ukuba isifo esihambelana ne-HIV siyakhula.
Uvavanyo lwe-HIV kuphela okanye ukuxilongwa kumgqirha wakho unokuqinisekisa ukuba.
Oko unokukwenza ufundise ngokwakho. Kwaye konke kuqala ngokuzibuza embalwa, imibuzo ebalulekileyo:
1. Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV?
Kwimizuzu engama-40 yeentsholongwane zikaGawulayo, iimpawu ezinjenge-flu ziya kuphuhliswa kwiintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwe-14 zokuchasana. Le meko ibhekwa ngokuba yi-"acute retroviral syndrome" (okanye i-ARS).
Iimpawu ziyakwazi ukusuka kwi-mild to severe and persist for months, kwaye zibandakanya:
- Fever
- Intloko
- Ukukhupha ebusuku
- Malaise
- I-Myalgia (i-generalized, i-muscular ache okanye intlungu)
- I-Rash (injenge-eczema ebonakalayo kwaye ihlala isasazwa ngeenxa zonke kumacandelo omzimba omzimba kunye / okanye iintende zezandla)
Funda ukuba kutheni kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchonga iimpawu ze-ARS, kwaye indlela yokungenelela kwangaphambili inokuthintela njani uphuhliso lwexesha elide, kokubili i-HIV kunye nonxulumene ne-HIV.
2. Ziziphi iimpawu zeHIV ngeSigaba?
Uninzi lweempawu ezinxulumene nosuleleko lwangaphambili zibangelwa iimpendulo zomzimba kwi-HIV ngokwawo, apho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisetyenziselwa ukuphaphama phezulu phambi kohlaselo lwangaphandle. Iimpawu zentsholongwane yesithuba esilandelayo zenzeka xa i-HIV igqithisa kancane ukukhusela umzimba, ukunciphisa amandla ayo okulwa nesifo. Funda ukuba kutheni le nto iyenzeka kwaye indlela i-HIV engatshatanga ngayo ingakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi "AIDS".
3. Ziziphi ii-AIDS ezichaza izifo? "
Izifo zithi "zilungelelwano" xa ukuchithwa kwamasosha omzimba omzimba kuvumela amagciwane, iintsholongwane kunye namanye amazwe angaphandle ukuba afumaneke. Phakathi kwezi zigulo ze-AIDS, i-subset yezifo ezichazwe ngamaziko okuLawula nokuLawula (i-CDC) njengento ehambelana ngokukhawuleza nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-immune system ngenxa yentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Kukho okwangoku iimeko ezingama-27 zonyango ezithathwa njenge-AIDS ezichaza:
- Ukutheleleka kwama-bacterial, multiple or recurrent
- Candidiasis ye-bronchi, i-trachea, okanye imiphunga
- Candidiasis yesifo
- Umhlaza wesibeleko (unomdla)
- Coccidioidomycosis , isasazwa ngaphaya komphunga
- I-Cryptococcosis, ebonisa ngaphandle kwemiphunga
- I-Cryptosporidiosis , intestinal engapheliyo ngaphezu kweenyanga enye
- Isifo se- Cytomegalovirus (ngaphandle kwesibindi, i-spleen, okanye i-lymph nodes)
- Isifo se- Cytomegalovirus ngokulahleka kombono
- I-Encephalopathy (i-HIV)
- I-virus yeHerpes simplex , ihlala ixesha elide kuneenyanga enye okanye kwindawo engaphandle kwesikhumba, njenge-esophagus okanye imiphunga
- I-Histoplasmosis , isasazwa ngaphandle kwemiphunga
- I-sarcoma yeKapasi (KS)
- I-lymphoid interstitial pneumonia okanye i-pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia
- Burkitt lymphoma (okanye ixesha elilinganayo)
- I-Immunoblastic lymphoma (okanye ixesha elilinganayo)
- I-lymphoma yeprayimari yengqondo
- I-Mycobacterium avium complex okanye i- Mycobacterium kansasii , isasazwa ngaphandle kwemphunga
- I-Mycobacterium isifo sofuba saliphi na isayithi (umphunga, usasazwe, okanye ngaphandle komphunga)
- I-Mycobacterium, ezinye iintlobo okanye iintlobo ezingaziwa, zisasazwa ngaphandle kwemiphunga
- I-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), ebangelwa yi-fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci
- Isifo se-Pneumonia (ephindaphindiweyo)
- Inkqubela phambili ye-leukoencephalopathy (PML)
- I-Salmonella septicemia (ephindaphinda)
- I-Toxoplasmosis yengqondo
- Isifo sofuba
- Ukunciphisa isifo
Funda ukuba kutheni le ntsholongwane zibhekwa njenge-AIDS kunye nokuba zeziphi izimo zibhekiselele kwiziphumo zempilo yakho yexesha elide.
4. Ndingaphila ixesha elide xa ndifumana i-HIV?
Uhlaziyo lwe-2014 yi-Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study libonisa ukuba abantu abaqala unyango lwe-HIV okanye ngaphezu kwe-CD4 count ye-350 cells / mL banokukwazi ukufumana ithuba lokuphila elilinganayo-nokuba likhulu kunalo-loluntu jikelele. Funda izinto ezichaphazela ukulindela ubomi kubantu abaphila ne-HIV, kunye neemeko ezinokunciphisa ixesha elide malunga neminyaka engama-22.
Imithombo:
UWillard, uS .; Holzemer, W; Wantland, D .; okqhubekayo. "Ngaba 'UkuQhathaniswa' kuthethwa ngaphandle kweMpawu zalabo abaphila noGawulayo? NoGawulayo. Matshi 2009; 21 (3): 322-328.
I-IEDEA kunye ne-ART Cohort Cooperations. "I-CD4 yokubala kwi-antiretroviral therapy iqala ukunyuka emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa ingenza ngcono!" I- Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. Ja nuwari 2014; 65 (1): e8-e16. : 10.1097