Ukuxilonga nokuPhatha lo Mqathango we-AIDS
Sibanzi
Ekuqaleni kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ye-AIDS ukuya ngasekupheleni kwee-1980, umhlaza osesikhatywayo wesikhumba obizwa ngokuba nguCapasi's sarcoma (KS) waba ngumqondiso wokutshatyalaliswa kwe-HIV. Oko, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esinzima, kuchaza izinto ezininzi ezithathwa ngokuba yi "AIDS". Sazibona ezinje iifilimu ezinjengePhiladelphia, apho uTom Hank, obunqamlekileyo, obunqambileyo, wawunamacwecwe kunye nezilonda ze-KS ezimnyama.
Namhlanje, sibona i-KS ngaphantsi ngaphantsi kokubonga ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza e-antiretroviral , kodwa kusekhona into enokuthi ibonwe kumazwe angaphantsi okanye kubantu abangaphathwa ngayo ngesifo sabo.
I-sarcoma ye Kaposi (ebizwa ngokuba yi-Kaposi sarcoma) iyisisu esibangelwa yi-herpesvirus yabantu (i-HHV8) ebonisa ngokuyinhloko ulusu nomlomo, kodwa inokuchaphazela izitho zangaphakathi. I-KS ibonisa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeendawo ezincinci ezifana neenxeba ezingenabuhlungu okanye ezibuhlungu. Ngokukodwa kwinqanaba lokuqala, bahlala bephosakele ngeemvalo ezilula.
Ukuba yodwa kwesikhumba, i-KS ayithathwa njengengozi yokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izilonda zisasazeka kumathambo, imiphunga, ingqondo okanye ezinye izitho zangaphakathi, ingaba yingozi kwaye inokubulala.
Ukuthunyelwa
I-HHV8 idluliselwa ngoqhagamshelwano lwezesondo, umlenze, ukumpontshelwa igazi, kunye nokuguquka komzimba. "Ukumangca ngokukhawuleza" kuthathwa njengendlela efanelekileyo yokuhambisa, nangona isantya phakathi kwamadoda angama-gay anamaxesha asibhozo aphezulu ngaphezu kwamanye amaqela.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ngelixa i-KS iqhelekile, iziganeko zibonakala zihla.
Izimpawu kunye neMpawu
Izilonda ze-KS zibonakala zibonakala njengezicatshulwa, indawo ezifuthiweyo kwesikhumba okanye ngaphakathi emlonyeni. Ukubukeka kwabo njengento yokubethwa kwamanye amaxesha kunenza kube nzima ukuchonga. Njengoko ziqhubeka, zinokuthi zenze umnyama kwaye zivele njengama-nodules aphakanyisiweyo.
Ukuvavanywa okulula ukuhlula i-KS lesion kwi-bruise kukunyathelisa indawo ngomunwe omnye. Umbala obumnyama obomvu uya kuphuma ngomxinzelelo womunwe, kodwa i-KS lesion ayiyi kuba.
Nangona kunjalo, indlela yodwa yokufumanisa ngokucacileyo i-KS ngokuwenza i-biopsy. I-biopsy ibandakanya ukususwa kweesampula encinane yesilonda, esele ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope.
Xa i-KS isasazeka kwiqumrhu langaphakathi, lingabonisa ngeendlela ezininzi kuye kuxhomekeke kwisiza sosulelo.
I-KS yeThupha lomathumbu:
- Intlungu zesisu
- Uhudo
- Isithintelo esiswini
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Isihlunu / ukuhlanza
- Izitulo zamanzi
- Ukuvuthwa kwegazi
I-KS yeThupha lokuphefumula:
- Isiqhamo
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ukuphefumula okunzima
- Ukuvalwa kwepulmonary
- Ukuhlamba igazi
- Iintlungu zesifuba
Unyango
Nangona i-KS ikwazi "ukunyanga," inokuphathwa kakuhle. Ukubuyiselwa kwe-immune function kungakwazi ukuguqula ngokufanelekileyo umqathango ngokuphumeza unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Kubantu abanezifo eziphambili, kunokuthatha ixesha kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kunokuphucula imeko kufuneka i-ART yansuku zonke ilandelwe.
Ukuba i-ART kuphela ingayiphatha izilonda, ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasetyenziswa ngokubambisana ne-ART. Ezi ziquka:
- Amagciwane e-anti-cancer khemotherapy asetyenziswe ukuphatha nokunciphisa izilonda ze-KS, ngokukodwa ezo ziphecana zokuphefumula kunye nezondlo. Imiphumo emibi ingaba nzima, i-nausea, ukuhlanza, i-anemia, kunye nokulahleka kweenwele.
- Izilonda zesikhumba eziqhenqcezayo nge-nitrojeni echithwayo zibhekwa ngempumelelo kunye nezilonda ezincinci, nangona zingasebenzi ngaphantsi kwamanzi.
- Ngamanye amaxesha ukutshatyalaliswa kokutshatyalaliswa kwezilonda kwenziwa, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo akunconywa nje ngokuba ukutshabalalisa kunokubanzi kunye nemida ebonakalayo.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izilonda ze-KS ziyakwazi ukuvela kwakhona, ngakumbi kubantu abanexinzelelo olukhuselekileyo lokuzivikela komzimba, ukuba i- ART ayinamathelwanga .
Thintelo
Ukunikezelwa kwindlela yokudluliselwa kunye nokungabikho kweHHV8 zokuhlola izixhobo, akukho ndlela encinane yokukhusela intsholongwane. Xa kuthethwa oko, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokunyangwa kwe-HIV kunokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuselo lomzimba lwabantu luhlala luhambelane, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-KS kumanqanaba angapheliyo.
Imithombo:
UAntman, K. noTshints, Y. "Kaposi's Sarcoma." I-New England Journal of Medicine. 2002: 342 (14): 1027-1038.
I-Cattelan, A .; Calabrò, M .; De Rossi, A .; okqhubekayo. "Isiphumo sexesha elide lwekliniki ye-AIDS ye-Kaposi's sarcoma ngexesha lophiko olukhutheleyo lwe-antiretroviral." I- International Journal ye-Oncology. 2005; 27 (3): 779-785.