I-Estrogen Doses, ii-Progesin Types, kunye neeNzuzo eziNgezelelweyo zePilisi
Ziziphi iintlobo zeepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa (izithintelo zokukhulelwa komlomo) kwaye yintoni na umehluko phakathi kweeninzi zemveliso ekhethiweyo? Ziziphi ezinye zeenzuzo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezikhetho ezahlukeneyo?
Inkcazo yePilisi yokuLawula iipilisi
Ukudibanisa iipilisi zokulawula uzaliso lwezonyango zomlomo ezidibanisa i -estrogen (i-ethinyl estradiol) kunye neprogesin , efana ne-hormones yesini (isrogen kunye neprogesterone) eyenziwa ngumzimba wesifazane.
Ukudibanisa ukulawula iipilisi kungaphindwa kuthiwa "iipilisi ze-combo" okanye nje, "ipilisi."
Ngokungafani ne-estrogen (isilungiselelo sokwenziwa kwe-ethinyl estradiol) efunyenwe kwimida eyahlukeneyo yeepilisi ezidibeneyo, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeprogesin ezingasetyenziselwa (zixutywe ngezantsi.)
Ukufumana Ulawulo lokuzalwa koPilisi
Zonke iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa zifumaneka kuphela ngomyalelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukuthenga naziphi na ezi pilisi kwi-counter.
Ugqirha wakho unakho okanye angafuneki ukuhlolwa kweplavic kunye nePap smear ukuze anikeze ipilisi yokulawula. Abanye oogqirha baya kunika iipilisi ze-combo ngesiseko sembali yezocwangca kunye nokunyanzela uxinzelelo lwegazi (njengoko ipilisi inokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi .) Nangona ugqirha wakho akafuni i-Pap smear xa echaza ipilisi, kubalulekile ukuba iPape smears nganye emithathu iminyaka phakathi kweminyaka engama-21 kunye nokunquma kwesikhashana, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba unayo iPsmme engavamile okanye uvavanyo lwe-HPV oluhle.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubone ugqirha, khangela ezi ngcamango malunga nendlela yokuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nokulawulwa kokuzalwa kunye nemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza.
Iintlobo zoLawulo lokuzalwa koPilisi
Ukudibanisa iipilisi zokulawulwa kokuzalwa kuhlulwa njenge- monophasic, biphasic, okanye i-triphasic kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingaba i-hormone ihlala enye enye kwiiveki zokuqala ezintathu ukuya kwimizuzu okanye xa itshintsha.
- Iipilisi zeMonophasic zinomlinganiselo ofanayo we-estrogen kunye neprogesin kwiipilisi ezisebenzayo kwipakethi.
- Iipilisi zeBiphasic zitshintsha izinga le-estrogen kunye neprogesin ngexesha elinye ngexesha leepilisi ezisebenzayo, kunye nenqanaba leprogesin ekwandayo kwisiqingatha sesibini somjikelezo.
- Iipilisi ze-Triphasic zitshintsha amazinga ama-hormone kathathu ngexesha lojikelezo, kwaye zombini i-estrogen kunye ne-progesin ingatshintsha.
Ubukhulu bePakethe yoLawulo lokuzalwa koMzimba
Ukudibanisa iipilisi zokulawula iipilisi ngokuqhelekileyo kuza kwiinkonzo zenyanga enye. Iipilisi zokudibanisa zivame ukufumaneka kwiipakethi ezingama-28 okanye iintsuku ezingama-21.
Zombini iinguqulelo zineepilisi ezingama-21 ezisebenza. Ezi ziipilisi eziquka i-hormone ezikhusela umfazi ukuba akhulelwe.
IiPacks ezingama-28
Kwipakethi yeentsuku ezingama-28, iipilisi ezisixhenxe zokugqibela ziyaziwa njengezikhumbuzo zeepilisi. Azingenayo i-hormone. Ezi pilisi zithathwa ngeliveki yesine, kunye nenjongo yazo kukunceda umfazi ugcine indlela yakhe yokuthatha ipilisi imihla ngemihla. Ngoko ke, ibhinqa liya kuthatha ipilisi nganye ngosuku ngelijikelezo lweeveki ezine.
IiPacks ezingama-21
Kwipakethi yeentsuku ezingama-21, iipilisi zithathwa kwiiveki zokuqala ezintathu, kwaye ibhinqa alithathi nto ngelixa leveki yesine. Uya kuqalisa ipakisha entsha yeepilisi iintsuku ezisibhozo emva kokuba ipakethe yangaphambili igqityiwe.
Umzekelo we-brand yepilisi ezayo kwi-Day-Day pack iLoestrin . Iipilisi zeepilisi zingaba nzima kuba besifazane kufuneka bakhumbule ukuqala ipakisha yabo entsha yeepilisi ngaphandle kwezipilisi zezikhumbuzo.
IiPacks ezingama-24
Kukho ezimbini ezibambiseneyo zokulawula iipilisi zamakhilithi ezineentsuku ezingama-24 ezisebenzayo kunye neeplisi ezine ze-placebo. Ezi ziquka:
- I-Yaz 28 (no- Beyaz ): I-regimen ye-dosage ye-Yaz iyingqayizivele kuba iqulethe iintsuku ezingama-24 zeepilisi ze-hormone, zilandelwe zi-4 izipilisi zamhla. Olu khetho lunokuba lunika abantu abantu abahamba ngee-hormone ukuguquka kuneentsuku ezingama-21 zeepilisi ezisetyenziswayo ngomjikelezo weentsuku ezingama-28. (Bona isilumkiso, nangona kunjalo, malunga noJasmin noYaz ngaphantsi kwe-28.)
- I-Loestrin 24 Fe: Ivunyiwe yi-FDA ngo-2006, le brand yepilisi yowokuqala kwemithi yomlomo engama-24 evunyiwe eMelika.
Iipilisi eziPhakamileyo
Iipilisi zokudibanisa ijikelezo eziqhelekileyo (ezibizwa nangokuthi iipilisi ezijikelezayo eziqhubekayo ) zinamapilisi amaninzi kwiipakethe nganye. Ezi pilisi zingakuvumela ukuba unqamle ixesha lakho okanye unciphise ubukhulu bexesha lakho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba iipilisi zokujikeleza ezongezelelweyo zikhuselekile . Ziyakwazi nokuba zilungele kwaye ziphucule umgangatho wobomi kubafazi abaninzi abanobunzima beengxaki ezinxulumene nokuya esikhathini. Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka:
- I-Seasonale yipilisi eqhubekayo ephethe i-ethinyl estradiol / levonorgestrel. Ingathathwa ngokuqhubekayo kwiintsuku ezingama-91 kwaye i-FDA ivunyelwe ukukhulelwa komzimba ngo-2003. Le regimen ivumela abesifazana ukuba babe nexesha lokuhamba esikhathini esincinane ngonyaka. Le ipilisi yokupaka ineepilisi ezisebenzayo ezingama-84 kunye neeplisi ze-placebo ezi-7.
- I-Seasonique yenye inqanaba eliqhubekayo lokudibanisa iipilisi yokulawula ukuzala okuvunyiwe yi-FDA ngo-2006. I-Seasonique ifana ne-Seasonale kwi-ethinyl estradiol / levonorgestrel ithathwa ngokuqhubekayo kwiintsuku ezingama-84. Nangona i-Seasonique, nangona kunjalo, iintsuku ezi-7 zokugqibela zomjikelezo weenyanga ezintathu ziqukethe i-dose ethinyl estradiol ephantsi kuneendawo ezibhekiselele kwiiphilisi.
- I-LoSeasonique nayo iyafumaneka. Olu hlobo lune-estrogen encinane kunye neprogestin kune-Seasonique.
- I-Lybrel yipilisi ephantsi yokulawula iipilisi yokuzala. Kuthathwa zonke iintsuku ezingama-365 zonyaka. Ngomhla ka-Meyi 2007, bekuyimpilisi yokuqala i-FDA evunyelwe ukuba isetyenziswe ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo inyanga yenyanga yowesifazane. Abasetyhini abaninzi abasebenzisa uLybrel abanandipha ixesha elide kodwa babelane ngamava ahlukeneyo nala majelo.
Abasetyhini banokujonga i-insert yephayiliti yabo ukuze bafumane ukuba yiyiphi i-hormone ekhona kunye nawaphi amanani kumjikelezo.
Ukuya esikhathini
Xa usebenzisa ukusebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, abafazi ngokuqhelekileyo baya kuhoxiswa ukuphuma kwegazi (ixesha) ngeliveki yesine. Amahomoni aqulethwe kwiipilisi ezisebenzayo zikhusela ukukhulelwa kwinyanga yonke, ngoko kwaneveki yesine (kungakhathaliseki ukuba uthabatha izipilisi okanye akukho pilisi nhlobo), umfazi ukhuselwe ukuba angakhulelwa.
Iprogestin iHormones kwiPill pilill
Zonke iipilisi ezidibeneyo ziqukethe i-estrogen (ngokuqhelekileyo i-ethinyl estradiol) kunye nohlobo oluthile lweprogesin eyenzelwe ukulinganisa i-progesterone ye-hormone yemvelo. Ezi progestin ziquka:
- Desogestrel
- Dietnodiol Diacetate
- Levonorgestrel
- Norethindrone
- Norethindrone Acetate
- Ulungelelaniso
- ENorgestrel
- Drospirenone
Unokuba unqwenela ukufunda kabanzi malunga nendima yeprogesin kwipilisi kwaye kutheni ezinye iintlobo zeprogesin zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho zingcono kunezinye.
Isilumkiso malunga noJasmin noYaz 28
Ngokungafani nezinye iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, i-Yasmin ne-Yaz 28 iqulethe i-progestin drospirenone enokunyusa amazinga e-potassium, kwaye ukwanda kwe-potassium kunokubangela ukuba iimeko ezinzulu ezinxulumene nentliziyo okanye ezinye iingxaki. Ezi pilisi zingenakuba yindlela efanelekileyo kuwe ukuba uye wakha neentso, isibindi, okanye isifo se-adrenal gland . Kwakhona kukho inkxalabo yokuba i- drospirenone inokunyusa umngcipheko wee-clots zegazi .
I-Estrogen Imilinganiselo kwi-PIll
I-Ethinyl estradiol luhlobo lwe-estrogen ehlanganisiweyo efunyenwe kwi-contraceptive yomlomo. Ephakamileyo inani le-estrogen kwipilisi (ephakamileyo inani le-micrograms ye-ethinyl estradiol) lithetha imiphumo enkulu ye-estrogen emzimbeni wakho (kokubili okuhle nokubi.)
Iipilisi ezidibeneyo ezincinci
Iipilisi ezidibeneyo ze-dose ziqulethe inani eliphantsi kakhulu le-estrogen (20 mcg) kunye neyodwa yeentlobo zeprogesin. Amagama eBrithani alolu hlobo lwepilisi afaka:
- Vula
- Aviane-28
- Levlite
- Loestrin 1/20
- Mircette
Iipilisi ezidibeneyo rhoqo
Iipilisi zepilisi rhoqo ziqulethe i-30 ukuya kwi-35 mcg estrogen kunye nenye yeentlobo zeprogesin. Amagama eBrithani alolu hlobo lwepilisi afaka:
- Brevicon
- Dumisa 1/35
- Desogen
- Femcon Fe
- Levlen
- Lo / i-Ovral
- Modicon
- Nordette
- Levora
- Loestrin
- I-Ogestrel ephantsi
- Necon 1/35
- Norinyl 1/35
- IOrtho-Cept
- Ortho-Cyclen
- I-Ortho-Novum 1/35
- I-Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo
- Ovcon 35
- Seasonale
- Yasmin
- Zovia 1 / 35E
Iipilisi zePasic Combination
Iipilisi zokudibanisa iipilisi ziye zatshintsha amazinga e-estrogen kunye neprogesin eyenzelwe ukuba ilandele ngokuthe ngqo imilinganiselo ye-hormonal ngexesha lomfazi wesisu. Amagama eBrithani alolu hlobo lwepilisi afaka:
- I-Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo
- Jenest-28
- Ortho Tri-Cyclen
- Cyclessa
- Triphasil
- Tri-Levlen
- Oor-Novum 10/11
- Trivora
- Tri-Norinyl
- Estrostep Fe
- I-Ortho-Novum 7/7/7
Iipilisi ezidibeneyo eziPhakamileyo
Iipilisi ezidityanisiweyo zeepilisi zinama-50 mcg ye-estrogen kunye neprogesin. Amagama eBrithani alolu hlobo lwepilisi afaka:
- I-Ortho-Novum 1/50
- Ovral
- Ukudinga 1/50
- Ogestrel
- IOvcon 50
Iipilisi zokudibanisa ngeenjongo ezongezelelweyo
Injongo ephambili yokulawula iipilisi, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukukhusela ukukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo kukho ezinye iimpawu kunye nokudibanisa kwamahomoni angapakisha i-punch eyongezelelweyo, kwaye uncedo kwezinye iindawo ezixhalabisayo. Ngamanye amazwi, kukho ezinye iingeniso ezingenakuthobela iipilisi ezihluka phakathi kweempawu.
Ezinye zeemeko apho iipilisi zinokukunceda (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziyavunyelwa kwakhona) zibandakanya i- acne , isifo se-premenstrual disysphoric disorder , endometriosis , kunye nexesha elibuhlungu . Ukongezelela, iipilisi inokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-uterine, i-ovari, i-colon kunye ne-cancer ehlobene negazi, nangona kunokukho ukwanda komdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu ababhemayo kunye nebele kunye neentsholongwane zomhlaza wesibeleko kubasebenzisi abasebenzisa ipilisi (okwandisiwe umngcipheko ubonakala uhamba kwiminyaka emihlanu yokumisa i pilisi.)
Ukuqalisa iPilisi
Ukuba uqala nje ipilisi, kunokukunceda ukufunda ngezinye zezinto ezisisiseko oza kufuneka wazi ukusebenzisa ipilisi ngokufanelekileyo . Unokuba nayo imibuzo malunga nendlela ipilisi esebenza ngayo .
Xa uthatha ipilisi, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba yintoni imithi enokunciphisa ukusebenza kweepilisi . Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi abaqapheli ukuba ukuthatha i-antibiotiki kwisifo sofestile kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukuphumelela kwepilisi-nokwandisa ithuba lokuba ukhulelwe.
Ukutshintsha iPill Your Birth Control
Kukho iipilisi ezahlukeneyo ozikhethayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nendlela yokutshintsha iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa xa wenza njalo.
Ukuthelekiswa kweePilisi zeNhlanganisela kwiipilisi zeProgesin kuphela
Ukudibanisa iipilisi yokulawula ukuzalwa kusebenza kancinci kunepilisi kuphela . Nangona kunjalo amanye amabhinqa angamkeli kakuhle kwi-estrogen kwipilisi yokudibanisa. Kwabo banenkxalabo efana neyokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi kwipilisi yokudibanisa, iipilisi kuphela ze-progestin ziyinkolelo enhle.
Ngaphantsi koLawulo lokuLawula ulwalamano lwePilisi
Xa uhamba ngeenkcukacha ezingasentla, mhlawumbi uqaphele ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuqwalasela ngokukhetha ipilisi efanelekileyo. Uhlobo lwe-estrogen kwiipilisi lifana (ethinyl estradiol) kodwa i-dosage ingahluka. I-Estrogen ingaba nemiphumo emihle kunye nemiphumo emibi emzimbeni, kwaye i-dose efanelekileyo kuwe iya kuxhomekeka kwiminqweno yakho kunye nembali yakho yonyango.
Ngokungafani ne-estrogen, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeprogestin ezingasetyenziswa. Ngolunye lwazo lunokuba nezibonelelo zombini (ezifana nokulawulwa kwe-acne) okanye ingozi (njengengozi yamacandelo egazi) kwaye kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neprogesin eyona nto ingcono kuwe.
Ubuhle bokuba neendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeepilisi kukuba kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha ukuba ngaba uhlobo olunye lukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Ngelo xesha, kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nendlela yokutshintsha iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa xa wenza njalo.
I pilisi iyasebenza kakhulu xa isetyenziswe kakuhle, kwaye iyakwazi ukubulala iintlobo ezimbini zeentaka kunye nelitye elilodwa kubantu abathile abanesifo sokuqala, i-acne, i-menstrual migraines kunye nezinye iimeko. Oko kuthetha, kusebenza kakhulu kuzo zonke ezi zinto xa zisetyenziswe ngokucophelela ukuze iipilisi zingaphuthekanga kwaye ukuba uthetha ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza malunga nayiphi na imiphumo okanye ixhala.
> Imithombo:
> Cunningham, F. Gary, noJohn Whitridge Williams. Williams Obstetrics. ENew York: iMicrora-Hill Hill Medical, 2014. Print.
> Iversen, L., Sivasubramaniam. S., Lee, A., Fielding, S., kunye noP. Hannaford. Ubungozi beCarcertime Risk kunye neConceptive Oral Contraceptive (Coalination Oral Contraceptives) ehlanganisiweyo: Ikholeji yaseRoyal of Study Oral Contraception Study. I-American Journal ye-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology . 2017. 216 (6): 580.e1-580.e9.
> Kluft, C., Zimmerman, Y., Mawet, M. et al. Iimiphumo zeHemostatic ezincitshiswe ngeCrospirenone-Based Based Contraceptive Oral Contraceptive Ethinyl Estradiol. Ukukhulelwa . 2017. 95 (2): 140-147.