Ngama-Parkinson, iingxaki zeNtetho ziqhelekileyo kodwa zingalawulwa.
Ukuba unesifo se-Parkinson (PD), mhlawumbi uqaphele ukuba abantu bakubuza ukuba uphinde uphike oko utsho nje ngaphezu kokuba bebenjalo. Ukongezelela, ukuthetha ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokucacileyo kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi xa unePP.
Ngelixa uninzi lwabantu abanePD bafumana olunye uhlobo lweengxaki zentetho, bambalwa bafumana unyango kwiingxaki zentetho. Oku kubi njengoko uphando lubonisa ukuba unyango olufanelekileyo lufumaneka kwiintetho, ilizwi, neelwimi kwiPD.
Ingxaki yeNtetho yeZifo ze-Parkinson
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zentetho ezenzeka ngabantu abano-PD zibandakanya umthamo ophantsi (i-hypophonia), ulwahlulo oluncitshisiweyo lwe-pitch (monotone), kunye nobunzima ngokuchaneka kwezandi okanye izilwanyana (dysarthria). Ngokwenene, awukwazi ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza njengabanye, ufumanisa kunzima ukuthumela imvakalelo xa uthetha, kwaye ufumanisa nzima ukwenza amagama ozama ukuwabiza.
Awudingi ukuba ndixelele ukuba le nhlanganisela yezinto yenza ukuba ukhulume kakhulu. Xa uqhaqhawula zonke ezi ngxaki zokuvakalisa i-PD, ubunzima bokubonisa iimvakalelo ngokubonakalisa ubuso, akusolo ukuba abantu bafumana kunzima ukuqonda oko uzama ukukuthetha.
Kusenokuzama ukuhoxisa iingxoxo nabanye, kodwa loo nto yayiyiphutha. Udinga ukusebenzisana nabanye imihla ngemihla, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uxhalabisa kangakanani-oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba abathandekayo bakho bafuna ukusebenzisana nawe .
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba kukho iindlela zonyango, ezifana nezenzo zezwi, ezinokuphucula ngokugqithiseleyo iingxaki zokuthetha ezihambelana nePP.
Iingxaki zeelwimi zezifo ze-Parkinson
Ngaphandle kwentetho ekhungathekileyo kunye neengxaki zokuvakalisa i-PD, kukho nokuba neengxaki zolwimi. Ezi ngxaki zeelwimi zinokwenzeka ukuba zinzima ukujongana neengxaki zolwimi, ngoko kubalulekile ukuchonga ubunzima beelwimi xa zivela.
Intetho i malunga nokuveza iingcamango ngokusebenzisa ulwimi. Ulwimi luyakwazi ukukwazi ukuthetha nangona ungakwazi ukuthetha. Kwimeko yabantu abane-PD, bangabonisa ubunzima begama kunye nobunzima begrama. Bathetha, umzekelo, ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zezivakalisi ezilula ngokunyuka kwimiba yezinto ezivulekileyo (izibizo, izenzi, izichazi) kwizinto ezivaliweyo (izigqibo, uncedisi, iziphakamiso, njl), kunye nokwanda kwixesha kunye nobude bokungabaza kunye nekhefu.
Xa bephulaphule abanye bathetha, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kubantu abane-PD ukuba baqonde ulwimi lomnye, ukuba basebenzise izivakalisi ezinzima ukuvakalisa izimvo zabo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwimveliso yomibini kunye nokuqonda ulwimi, abantu abanePD ngamanye amava bunzima obukhulu.
Ukuphathwa kweengxaki zeNtetho kunye neelwimi kwiiNgxaki zePasinson
Iingonyango zokunxibelelana kunye neengxaki zeelwimi zePD ziquka amayeza, unyango wokuziphatha kunye nokuhlinzwa. Uvavanyo olutshanje lwale miqathango lucacisa ukuba kunjalo, ukuba utyando (ngokugqithiseleyo ukuvuselela ubuchopho ) aluncedo kwiingxaki zentetho, nangona zingaphucula ezinye zeengxaki ze-PD ezinzima .
Ukongezelela, akukho zonyango zonyango olusebenzayo xa zisetyenziselwa yedwa.
Ukunyanga iingxaki zemoto ezisisiseko zePD ngokufanelekileyo (kunye neyeza) kubonakala kuyimfuneko yokuphucula iingxaki zentetho. Oko kukuthi, ukuba iingxaki ze-PD zingaphathwa, iingxaki zentetho aziphendulanga kakuhle kwiindlela zokunyanga. Iimviwo ze-PD ke ngoko ziyimfuneko kodwa zanele. Ngamafutshane, isicwangciso esiphambili sonyango sokuthetha kunye neengxaki zeelwimi zePD kubonakala kukudibeneyo kweyeza-PD (njenge-levodopa) kunye nolunye uhlobo lwezonyango zokuthetha ngentetho.
Ukunyangwa kweNtetho yeNtetho kwiZifo ze-Parkinson
Iilathrasi zentetho yokuziphatha zidla ngokubandakanya uchungechunge lwezandla zomlomo ezilawulwa ngumbhali oqeqeshiweyo oqeqeshiwe.
Ezi zifundo ziquka uqeqesho ekulawuleni izinga lokuthetha, uxinzelelo / intonation, okanye ukubonakalisa imvakalelo, ukuphakamisa, ukuthetha kunye nokuphefumla, ukwenzela ukuxhasa ilizwi. Ngamanye amaxesha umgqirha usebenzisa izixhobo zokuncedisa, ezifana nokulibaziseka kwengxelo, iingxelo zokukhulisa izwi, okanye ibhodi yokuhamba.
Abanye abaphandi baye bathabatha impumelelo enkulu kwizigulane ze-PD ngokusebenzisa i- Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) okuthiwa yi- Lee Silverman Voice program, inkqubo enzulu yemisebenzi yezwi ejolise ngamandla, umgangatho, kunye nokuhlukahluka kwemimandla-ngokufanelekileyo kwimimandla yobunzima kubantu abanePD.
Amaziko okufikelela kwi-LSVT kwijolisi enye yokwelapha ngexesha ukwenzela ukuba inzame ingatyaliswa ekufezekiseni olo njongo kuphela. Ukujoliswa kweengxaki kunokunyusa ukuphakamisa izwi okanye ukuphucula ukuthetha ngokucacileyo. Ngokuphandelelwa kwezi ntlobo zokuthintela izigulane, isigulane sitshitshiswe kwiinkalo zokuzivocavoca kwaye kufundiswa ukuba siqaphele impendulo engqondweni yelizwi, kunye nokuzibeka esweni kwimizekelo yokuvakalisa kunye nekhwalithi yezwi. Ukwanda kokwazi kwezwi kuvumela ukulungiswa kweephene kunye nefuthe elikhawulezayo ekujoliswe kuyo.
Okukwintsusa
Ubungqina obukhoyo bubonisa ukuba ezi ntlobo zokuziphatha zonyango zendlela yokuziphatha zisebenza ngokwenene, ngoko akukho sizathu sokuba uhlale uxoxisana nabanye abazenza ngathi baqonda into othethayo. Kunoko, uya kuphinda ufunde ngokucacileyo kwaye uthethe ngokuphakamileyo ngengqondo yakho.
Imithombo:
UMahler, LA, uRamig, LO, & Fox, C. Ubufakazi obusekelwe kwiinkcazo zokuphazamiseka kwezwi kunye nentetho kwi-Parkinson. Iingcamango zangoku kwi-Otolaryngology kunye neNtloko kunye nokuChengwa kweNeck, uJun; 23 (3): 209-15.
Ramig, LO, Fox, C., Sapir, S. Ukuthetha unyango lwesifo sikaParkinson. (2008). Ukuphononongwa kweengcali ze-Neurotherapeutics, Feb; 8 (2): 297-309. Uhlolo.