Izifo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezifo (ezingekho IBD)
Inkqubo yokugaya inyama kukunceda ukondle izondlo kwizinto zakho zokutya uze udibanise oko kuseleyo. Ngenxa yokuba wonke umntu uyadla (kunye neepopu), konke lokhu kubonakala kuntle. Ngelishwa, ngezinye izinto izinto zihamba kakuhle.
Kunzima (kwaye kungenakucetyiswa) ukuba uqikelele oko kukuchaphazelayo, ngaphandle kokuba ufumene uvavanyo olusemthethweni. Izifo ezininzi zokugaya kunye nokuphazamiseka zibonakalise iimpawu, okanye imiqobo engenakukwazi ukuba uyenze.
Xa kukho utshintsho lokutya, kubalulekile ukubeka nayiphi na impawu okanye iimpawu ngokubonakalayo. Isibonakaliso sesinye ixesha sinokuphathwa ngokuguquka kwendlela yokuphila njengokutya i-fiber ngaphezulu, ukusela amanzi amaninzi, okanye ukufumana umzimba. Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo, ezinjengeentlungu ezinzima okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi, kuya kuthetha ukuthatha ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane unyango kunye nokunyangwa.
Emva kokuba naziphi na iimpawu zesifuba ziqala, isinyathelo sokuqala sihlala senza isiganeko sokubona umboneleli wezempilo kwaye ufumane uncedo ekucingeni ukuba wenze ntoni ngokulandelayo.
Ziyiphi i-Diverticular Disease Diagnosis
I-Diverticulitis: Izimpawu, iimpawu kunye neengxaki
Kwezinye iimeko, ingxaki yokutya ingadinga ukudluliselwa kwingcali kwisifo sokugaya isifo segastroenterologist .
Okwangoku, kuya kuba luncedo ukufumana ingqalelo kwiintlobo zeengxaki ezixhaphakileyo ezikhoyo kunye nokuba zibandakanya ntoni, kunye nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi ukuba enye yale mibuzo ingakuchaphazela.
Iimpawu zeBlack Flag Digestive Symptoms
Ngelixa ezininzi iingxaki zokugaya ingxaki, akukho zibonakaliso ezifanele ziphathwe ngokukhathazeka ngakumbi. Naliphi na ixesha kukho igazi elininzi elidlulayo ngeentshukumo zokuhamba , okanye ukuphuma kwegazi akusiyeki, le sizathu esihle sokuya kwigumbi elingxamisekileyo.
Intlungu ebuhlungu besisu, ingakumbi ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, ukuphazamiseka, kunye nesifo sohudo okanye akukho ntshukumo yokuhamba, kukho ezinye izizathu zokufuna unyango lwangxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ukubiza i-ambulensi.
Kubantu abaye bafumanisa ukuba banesifo sokugaya, njengesifo sesibindi sokugula (IBD, okanye isifo se-Crohn okanye isifo sezilonda zesilonda), isigqibo sokuba ngaba uphawu kufuneka luchaze ugqirha okanye uhambo oluya kwisebe elingxamisekileyo lunokuba nzima sigqibo. Iimpawu ezinjengokuphelelwa yintlungu, ubuhlungu obukhulu, okanye ezininzi igazi lingaba ngongxamiseko, kwaye i-ER iya kuba yindawo efanelekileyo yokufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ngeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokuqala kokuqala, ezifana nesifo sohudo okanye intlungu ebuhlungu, umnxeba kwi-gastroenterologist ukugqiba ukuba yintoni enokuyenza ingaba ngowona nqanaba lokuqala.
Utshintsho kuMbala weStool
Umbala wentshukumo yokubilisa ixhomekeke kukutya. Kwezinye iimeko, ukutya ukutya okunemibala enamandla (nokuba yendalo okanye yokufakelwa) kungabangela ukuba utshintsho lwesikhashana kumbala we-stool.
Xa utshintsho lombala lwesigxina lubuyela emva kokutya okanye isongezelelo, akusoloko kubakho isizathu sokukhathazeka. Xa utshintsho lombala lwesigxina luqhubeka ngaphezu kweentsuku ezimbalwa okanye alukwazi ukucaciswa ngukutya, kunokuba ixesha lokukhangela esinye isizathu.
Kwimeko yokukhunjulwa kokuphuma kwegazi, ugqirha kufuneka ubonakale ngokukhawuleza, nangenxa yabantu abanemeko evame ukudala ukuphuma kwamanzi, njengesifo sesibindi sokugula okanye izifo ezixubileyo. Eminye imibala ye-stool engabangelwa kukutya, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isiphumo sesifo sokutya okanye imeko, zibandakanya:
- Izitofu zase Orange
- Izitulo ezibomvu
- Izitulo ezimnyama
- Izitulo ezihlaza
- Izigxobo zombala okanye zobumba
Utshintsho kwiFoolol Frequency
I-diarrhea kunye nokuqhawulwa kwemiba iimeko eziqhelekileyo, kwaye zenzeka kubo bonke abantu ngezikhathi ezithile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, isizathu esingeke sitholwe ngorhudo okanye ukuqhawuka, kwaye siya kuhamba ngaphandle kwonyango olulodwa. Kwimeko yesifo sohudo, abanye abantu banokukhululeka ukutshintsha ukutya kwabo kwithuba elincinci kwaze kwagqitywa izitulo.
Ukuqhawulwa, ukutya i-fiber, amanzi okusela, okanye ukufumana umzenzelo unokuyenza inkohliso. Ukuba i-diarrhea okanye ukuqhenqelwa, ukuba iyaqhubeka ngaphezu kweentsuku ezimbalwa okanye iqhubeka isenzeka nangemva kokuba wenze ukutya kunye nokuguquka kwendlela yokuphila, ukubona umboneleli wezempilo unyathelo elilandelayo.
Xa ukugqithiselwa okanye uhudo kuhamba kunye nomkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwamanzi, okanye intlungu ebomvu, udokotela kufuneka axoxwe. Kwakhona, ugqirha kufuneka enze isincomo malunga namachiza ekunciphiseni intshukumo okanye ukubenza baqale kwakhona, njengoko izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwee-counter zingenakulungele okanye zize zifumaneke kwezinye iimeko (ezinjengeentlobo ezithile ze-IBD okanye ukusuleleka kubhaktheriya).
Ukuguquka kwamanzi kunye neGERD
Ukuguquka kwesifo okanye isifo se-reflux (GERD) isifo apho i-muscle ephantsi kwe- esophagus , i-sphincter esezantsi (i-LES), ayisebenzi ngendlela efanele. I-LES kufuneka icime isisu esiswini ukuba ingaphumi esiswini kwaye ibe yindawo, kwaye xa ingenayo, i-asidi ingabangela iimpawu zokuguquka, ezifana nokutshisa okanye ukuphazamiseka.
Nangona ukuphalaza kwenzeka kuphela ngexeshana, kufuneka kuxoxwe nodokotela ngenxa yokuba utshintsho ekudleni okanye amanye amayeza angakwazi ukuyeka iimpawu okanye ukuthintela ukuba kwenzeke kwindawo yokuqala.
Ukubhukuda kweso sihlandlo kungekho nto ebangela ukukhathazeka. Nangona kunjalo, xa kwenzeka njalo (ngaphezu kwesibini ngeveki), ingaba yiGERD . I-GERD idinga unyango kuba, ngokuhamba kwexesha, isisu se-acid sisenokulimaza i-LES kunye ne-esophagus. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-GERD ingafunyanwa ngugqirha ngaphandle kokuvavanywa kakhulu kwaye inokuphathwa ngempumelelo kunye neyeza okanye imithi yonyango .
Ulp Ultic okanye Ulcer Isisu
Isilonda sisiphulo esikhumbeni okanye kumbindi we-mucus ebangela isifo esibi, kwaye isilonda sesigqabi sisifo kwisisu okanye kwinxalenye yokuqala yesisu esincinci (i-duodenum). Uninzi lwezilonda zepilisi zibangelwa usulelo lwebhakteria okuthiwa nguHelicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ). Isizathu sesibini esiqhelekileyo sezilonda zamapulisi sithatha izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezingabhubhisiyo (i-NSAID) imihla ngemihla okanye eziliqela ngeveki. Kunqabile kakhulu, kwisinye sezigidi zabantu, izilonda ze-peptic ziyakunxulumana nesimo esibizwa ngokuba yi- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), ebangela ukuba izicubu ziphepheni.
Ngenxa yokuba isilonda sinokubangela ezinye, iingxaki ezinzulu , ezifana nokuphuma kwamanzi okanye umngximba esiswini okanye isisu esincinci (i-perforation), izilonda zifuna unyango. Ukuxilongwa kwesilonda se- peptic kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i- endoscopy ephezulu- uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwe ukujonga iingxaki kwi-digestive tract (tract and esiswini). Isixhobo esinokuguquguquka esibizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope sidluliselwa kwisisu kunye nesisu. Izigulane zinikwa i-sedation kwaye zilele ngexesha lovavanyo, ngoko abayiyikhumbula okanye bazive nantoni na. Kwimeko yezilonda ezibangelwa nguHl pylori , i-antibiotics kunye neminye imishanguzo, njenge-acid reduction, iya ku miselwa ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokubulala ibhaktheriya.
Gastritis
Igama elithi gastritis lithetha ukuba isilonda sesisu sitshatyalaliswa. Isilonda sesisu senza i-mucus nezinye izinto ezikhusela kwi-acids digestive. Xa igumbi litshitshiswa, isisu senza i-mucus encinci kwaye ngoko ke ayikwazi ukuzikhusela. I-Gastritis nayo ibangela ukuba isisu esiswini sivelise ezimbalwa ze-acids eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-enzyme ezisetyenziselwa ukugaya. Iimpawu zesifo se-gastritis zingabandakanya intlungu yesisu (kwisisu esasentla), ukunyanzelisa, isicathulo, ukuhlanza kunye nezihlalo zomnyama, kodwa abanye abantu abanalo iimpawu. Iimbangela ze-gastritis ziquka ukusuleleka kwiibhaktheriya H. pylori , ukusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID kunye nokusela utywala. Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn esichaphazela isisu sinokuphuhlisa i-gastritis.
I-Gastritis inokuthi ifunyenwe nge-endoscopy ephezulu. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-gastritis: zikhuni kwaye zingabonakali. Emva kwexesha, i-gastritis ekhulayo ingenza ukuba isilonda sesisu sonakaliswe kwaye izilonda zenze. I-Gastritis ivame ukuphathwa ngamachiza okunciphisa i-acid acids ( antacids , i- block block H2 kunye neproton pump inhibitors ). Ukuba i-gastritis ibangelwa enye imeko, njengesifo sikaCrohn, ukunyanga loo ngxaki kunokuphucula i-gastritis.
Gastroparesis
I-Gastroparesis yintlupheko apho ukutya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza, okanye kungenjalo, ukusuka kwisisu ukuya emathunjini amancinci . Kwiimeko ezininzi, awaziwa kutheni umntu edala i-gastroparesis, kodwa ezinye izizathu eziyaziwayo ziquka isifo sikashukela , isifo se-Parkinson , i- multiple sclerosis , okanye ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili kwi-digestive tract. Inambuzane enoxanduva lokuhambisa ukutya kunye naso kuthiwa yi- vagus nererve , kwaye ukuba le ntsho yonakaliswe, umzekelo, isifo sikashukela esingalawulwayo, i-gastroparesis inokwenzeka. I-Gastroparesis ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini, kwaye iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuziva zizele emva kokutya, ukuhlanza, i-GERD, ukubetha, kunye nentlungu yesisu (intlungu ephezulu yesisu).
Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya, ezinokuquka i-endoscopy ephezulu kunye ne- GI chungechunge , phakathi kwabanye. I-Gastroparesis yimeko engapheliyo, oko kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zingaphucula kwaye zibuye kwakhona. Ukuba i-gastroparesis inxulumene nesifo sikashukela, utshintsho kwisifo sikashukela ukuphucula ulawulo lweshukela lwegazi lungafuneka. Ngezinye izizathu ze-gastroparesis, enye okanye ngaphezulu kweendidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango zingasetyenziselwa ukuvuselela izihlunu ezihambisa ukutya ngaphandle kwesisu nasemathunjini amancinci. Abanye abantu bangadinga utshintsho ekudleni kwabo, okungabandakanya nayiphi na into ekutya ukutya okuncinci ukusetyenziswa kokutya okondla ixesha, okanye ukufumana ukutya okunomsoco nge-IV.
Gallstones
Iigallstones ziqhelekile kwaye ziyakuthi zichaphazele abafazi ngaphezu kwamadoda. I-gallbladder iyilungu elincinci elinyathiselwe esibindi esilungisa i- bile . I-Gallstones inokwenza xa i-bile ingenayo i-concentration ye-salts ye-bile, i-cholesterol kunye ne-bilirubin. Iigallstones ziyakwazi ukuhluka kakhulu ngobukhulu (ukusuka kwingqolowa yesihlabathi ukuya kwibhola yegalufo) kwaye inokuluhlula kwinani ukusuka kwinye ukuya kwikhulu. Abantu abasengozini yokuphuhlisa i-gallstones kubandakanya abasetyhini, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-40, abo banamafutha, abo balahlekelwe ubunzima obuninzi, kunye nalabo abanezinye izifo zokugaya ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn .
Abantu abaninzi abanama-gallstones abanalo naziphi iimpawu, kodwa i-gallstones inokubangela intlungu emva kokutya okungahlala ixesha elide, i-nasusea, ukuhlanza, i- jaundice , kunye nezigqoko ezinemibala embala. Iigallstones ezibanjwe kwi-bin ducts zingakhokelela ekuvukeleni kwe-gallbladder kunye nokuvuvukala kwidon, gallbladder, okanye isibindi. Ukuvuvukala kwepascreas ( pancreatitis ) inokwenzeka xa ukukhutshwa kwenzeka kwindlela ethile ye-byi ebizwa ngokuba yi-buct ejwayelekile. Unyango lwama-gallstones obangela iimpawu ngokuqhelekileyo yi- cholecystectomy , oko kukuchithwa kwe-gallbladder. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kungenziwa i- laparoscopically , oku kuthetha ukuba utyando lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa kuphela ukuboniswa okuncinci nokuphucula ngokukhawuleza.
Izifo ezichazayo
Izifo ezizodwa ziquka zombini i-diverticulosis kunye ne-diverticulitis. I-Diverticulosis yilapho iifudu ezincinane zivela eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwe- colon (intumbu enkulu) . Xa i-outcroppings isifo okanye ishushu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-diverticulitis. Abantu abasemngciphekweni wezifo ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya abo bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kunye nabantu abahlala kumazwe apho ukutya kunokuquka i-fiber engaphantsi, njenge-United States, i-United Kingdom kunye ne-Australia. Abantu abaninzi abane-diverticula kwi-colon yabo abanayo nayiphi na impawu, kodwa abo benzayo banokuva ubunzima, ukuphuma kwamanzi, kunye noshintsho kwimikhwa yenyama.
I-Diverticulitis ayiqhelekanga (kwenzeka kuphela kuma-5 eepesenti yabantu abanezifo ze-diverticula), kodwa kunokukhokelela kwezinye iimeko ezinjenge- abscess (indawo enegciwane elizalise i-pus), i- fistula (ukuxhamla okungaqhelekanga phakathi kwamalungu amabini) , i-peritonitis (intsholongwane yesisu), okanye i- perforation (hole) emathunjini. Ukubona i-gastroenterologist rhoqo unyango kunye nokubeka iliso kuya kunceda. Izitshintsho zendlela yokuphila ezihlala ziphakanyiswa ukulawula i-diverticulosis zidla i-fiber ngakumbi kwaye zithatha i-fiber supplement.
Izifo zeCeliac
Isifo seCeliac (esasetyenziselwa ukubizwa ngokuthi i-celiac sprue) sacatshulwa njengesifo sobuntwana, kodwa ngoku kuyaziwa ukuba yimeko engapheliyo yokuba abantu "bangaphumeleli." UGluten luhlobo lweprotheni efunyenwe ngqolowa, ibhali, neer rye. Abantu abanesifo esiqhekezayo banokuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo xa badla ukutya okuqulethe i-gluten, engakhokelela kwiingxaki zokugaya ukudla kwaye kubangele impawu ezininzi ngaphandle kwendlela yokugaya. Ukuba isigqirha seloliac sikhankanywe, ugqirha unokuzama ukuvavanya okufana nokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kofuzo, okanye i- biopsies ukusuka emathunjini amancinci ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okanye ukuyilawula.
Unyango lwe-celiac lukhusela i-gluten, enokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu. I-gluten-free food is best done under supervision and guidance of a dietitian obhalisiweyo. Xa i-gluten iphuma ekudleni, abaninzi abantu baziva bebhetele. Ukutya okungahambisani ne-gluten kuya kuba lula ukugcina, ngokudala izinto ezintsha, ukutya nokuthengiswa kweemveliso kunye ne gluten ngokucacileyo ibhalwe ngokucacileyo kwindawo yokutya.
ILizwi
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyikhumbule xa unayo nayiphi na impawu yokugaya ukutya kukuba ezininzi iingxaki azizinzulu kwaye zingaphathwe. Isibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka (okanye ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi iimpawu zebhanki ezibomvu) ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa. Ukunyamekela izikhalazo zokugonya kungakhokelela ekugqibeleni kweempawu, oko kutheni ukufumanisa unyango kunye nonyango ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba ingxaki iboniswe, isicwangciso sonyango sonyango singasetyenziswa kwaye iimpawu zakho zilawulwe.
> Imithombo:
> INational Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Inkcazo kunye neenkcukacha zeDiverticulosis kunye neDiverticulitis." Meyi 2016. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/diverticulosis-diverticulitis/Pages/definition-facts.aspx
> INational Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Inkcazo kunye neenqobo zeGER neGERD." ISikole kaZwelonke seSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. 13 Novemba 2014. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/gerd/#5
> INational Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Ukuxilongwa kwezifo zeCeliac." 16 Juni 2016. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease/Pages/diagnosis.aspx
> INational Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Gallstones." ISikole kaZwelonke seSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. 13 Novemba 2014. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/gallstones/pages/facts.aspx
> INational Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Gastroparesis." ISikole kaZwelonke seSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. 13 Novemba 2014. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/gastroparesis/pages/facts.aspx