Nangona iinzululwazi aziqinisekanga ukuba kutheni kwaye i-gallstones yakha njani, kubonakala ngathi iyenzeka xa i-bile yakho ine-cholesterol eninzi, i-bilirubin eninzi, i-salt salts, okanye xa i-gallbladder yakho isebenza ngokungavumelekanga. Abanye abantu banokuthi babe nemingcipheko yeengqungquthela, njengokuba ubudala, ukukhuluphala, izifo ezithile kunye nokutya ukutya kukuyingozi.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
I-Gallstones ihlakulela, mhlawumbi ngokucacileyo, kwi-gallbladder , ilungu elimnyama eliphantsi kwesibindi ngakwesokudla kwesisu. I-gallbladder ingamamitha ama-intshi ubude kwaye i-intshi enye ububanzi kwindawo yayo eninzi, kwaye igcina kwaye ikhuphe i-bile ngaphakathi emathunjini ukunceda ukutyalwa.
Ubhelu lukhuni olwenziwe sisibindi esinceda ekutyeni. Ibhili iqukethe izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i-bile salts ezenza njengama-detergents zemvelo ukuphula amafutha kwisidlo esiyidlayo. Njengoko ukutya kudlula kwisisu ukuya emathunjini amancinci, i-gallbladder ikhupha i-bile kwi-bile ducts . Le mibhobho, okanye iibhubhu, zibalekela esibindi ukuya emathunjini. Ibhili inceda kwakhona ukuqeda i-cholesterol eyimfuneko emzimbeni. Isibindi sifihla i-cholesterol kwi-bile, ekhutshwa yindlela emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokutya.
Uninzi lwabaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ubuncinane kweemeko ezine ziyimfuneko ukuba zenze i-gallstones:
- I-cholesterol engaphezu kwe-bhile: I- bile iya kuba ne-cholesterol, oku kuthetha ukuba iqulethe i-cholesterol engaphezulu kunokuba i-bile yakho inokutshatyalaliswa. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-cholesterol idideke kwaye ibe ekugqibeleni ibe ngamatye.
- Ukugqithisa i-bilirubin kwi-bile yakho: Kukho imeko ezithile zempilo ezingakhokelela kwi-bilirubin eninzi kwi-bile yakho, kubandakanywa ne-cirrhosis yesibindi, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kunye nokusuleleka kwiphepha lakho lebhiliyari. Ubuninzi be-bilirubin kunokukhokelela kwi-gallment gallstones.
- Amancinci ambalwa e-bile nge-bile: Oku kungabangela i-gallstones kuba ungenayo i-salts eyaneleyo yokwephula i-cholesterol kwi-bile yakho okanye ngenxa yokuba ne-cholesterol eninzi kwi-bile yakho ye-bile salts.
- Ukusebenza okungavumelekanga kwe-gallbladder esebenzayo: I-gallbladder ayivumelani ngokukhawuleza ukuba ichithe i-bile yayo ngokuzeleyo okanye ngokugcwele, oko kunokubangela ukuba i-bile yakho igxininise.
Genetics
Ukuba unembali yentsapho yama-gallstones, amathuba akho okuphuhlisa aphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluninzi luye lwabonisa ukuba izakhi zegesi zenza malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zomngcipheko jikelele wokuphuhlisa i-gallstones.
Ukuba ungumntu waseMerika waseMelika, kunokuthi kubekho i-genetic predisposition ukuze ubeke amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol enkileni yakho.
Izinto zokuPhila kweengozi
Kukho izinto ezinobungozi bokuphila ezinokuba negalelo kumagundane, kuquka ukukhuluphala, ukulahleka kwesisindo esiphuthumayo kunye nokutya.
Ukunyanya
Ukunyanyiswa kweyona nto ingumngcipheko oqinileyo we-gallstones. Izazinzulu zihlala zisebenzisa i-formula yeemathematika ebizwa ngokuba yi-index mass mass (BMI) ukuchaza ukukhuluphala (BMI = isisindo kwiikhilogram ezihlukaniswe ngokuphakama kwimitha emitha). Ukugqithisa kakhulu, umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa i-gallstones.
Izifundo eziliqela zibonise ukuba abafazi abane-BMI ephakamileyo banokuphindwa kathathu ukuba bakhule ama-gallstones njengabasetyhini abane-BMI enempilo.
Kutheni ukugqithisa kuyingozi yokuba i-gallstones ayibonakali, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba abantu abagqithisileyo, isibindi senza i-cholesterol enkulu.
I-cholesterol eyongeleleyo ikhokelela ekugqibeleni kwi-gallbladder.
Ukulahlekelwa Isisindo Ngokukhawuleza
Abantu abalahlekelwa ubunzima obunzima basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i-gallstones. Enyanisweni, i-gallstones yenye yezona nkxalabo ezibalulekileyo zonyango zokulahleka komzimba ngokuzithandela. Ubudlelwane bokudliwayo kwiintsimbi zamathambo buye kwagqitywa nje.
Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba abantu abagqithisileyo bahlakulela i-gallstones ngexesha lokutya okuphantsi kwekhalori. Iidlo ze-calori eziphantsi kakhulu zidlalwa njengalezo ziqulethe i-calories eziyi-800 ngosuku, zidla ngokuqulunqwa kokutya okuseburhulumenteni kwaye zithathwa ixesha elide, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiveki ezi-12 ukuya kwezi-16.
Ama-gallstones aphuhliswayo kubantu abakwii-calorie eziphantsi kakhulu zihlala zithe cwaka kwaye azivelisi iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, malunga nesithathu se-dieters abaye bahlakulela i-gallstones kwizifundo babenempawu kwaye inxalenye yabo yayidinga ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe nge-gallbladder .
Iigallstones nazo ziqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezigqithisileyo ezithwala isisindo ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu esiswini, apho ubukhulu besisu buyancitshiswa, kuthintela ukuba umntu angadli ngokutya. I-Gallstones iyakwenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukutya
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ukutya ukutya kunokubangela ukutshintsha kwe-bile salts kunye ne-cholesterol kwi-gallbladder. Inqanaba le- cholesterol linyuka kwaye inani le-salt salts linciphile. Ukuhamba ixesha elide ngaphandle kokutya (ukunyuka kwasekuseni, umzekelo), isenzo esiqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-dieters, sinokunciphisa ukuhlukana kwe-gallbladder. Ukuba i-gallbladder ayinakutyathwa ngokukhawuleza ukukhupha i-bile, i-gallstones inokwenza.
Ukuba ukulahleka kwesisindo esikhulu okanye ngokukhawuleza kwandisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-gallstones, ukulahleka kwesisindo esincinci kuya kubonakala kukunciphisa ingozi yokufumana i-gallstones. Nangona kunjalo, kukho uphando olufunekayo ukuvavanya le ngqungquthela.
Ezinye izidlo ze-calorie eziphantsi kakhulu zingenakho ukufumana i-fat ewaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba i-gallbladder ingenele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ikhuphe i-bile yayo. Ukutya okanye ukutya okuninzi okuqulethe i-10 gram (enye yesithathu ye-ounce) yamanqatha kuyimfuneko ukuba i-gallbladder ikhawuleze ngokuqhelekileyo. Kodwa kwakhona, akukho zifundo zidibanise ngokuthe ngqo ukutya kokutya okunomsoco kumngcipheko we-gallstones.
Kwakhona, akukho zifundo eziye zaqhutywa kwimiphumo yokutya ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-gallstone ukwakheka, ngokusebenzisa umzekelo wokulahleka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuzuza ubunzima kuye kwaboniswa ukuba kunokwandisa amathuba akho okuphuhlisa i-gallstones.
Ezinye izinto zokuphila
Ezinye iindlela zokuphila ezinokunyusa amathuba okuphuhlisa i-gallstones ziquka:
- Ukutya okuphezulu kwioli, ephezulu kwi-cholesterol, kunye / okanye ephantsi kwefiber
- Ukungatholi umzimba owaneleyo
- Ukuzila ukutya, okunciphisa intshukumo yakho ye-gallbladder, ukuvumela i-cholesterol ukuqokelela
Ezinye izinto ezijongene nobungozi
Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi kwi-gallstones ziquka:
- Ubudala obungama-40 okanye ngaphezulu
- Ubulili (abafazi basemngciphekweni ophezulu kunamadoda)
- Uhlanga, ngokukhethekileyo iMveli yaseMerika kunye neMexico yaseMelika
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglyceride
- I-cholesterol ye-high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
- Ukuthatha izilwanyana ezinciphisa i-cholesterol
- Sikashukela
- Isifo sikaCrohn kwi-leum yokuphela
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-estrogen ekukhulelwe, i-hormone yonyango yokutshintshwa, okanye iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa
- Isifo sesibindi
- Intsholongwane yesifo somhlaza
- Cirrhosis
- IAnemia
Xa i-Gallstones iNgxamisekileyo
I-Gallstones ingakhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima. Ezinye iimpawu omele uxoxe ngazo nodokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza ziquka ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder ezihamba kunye nokukhupha, ukukhupha, umkhuhlane, i- jaundice okanye izibonda ezinobumba . Ukuba unesifo esiswini esiswini esihamba kunye nokuhlanza okanye uhudo , kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza.
> Imithombo:
> Johns Hopkins Medicine. Gallstones.
> Abasebenzi beKliniki yabasebenzi. Gallstones. Clinical Mayo. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 17, 2017.
> Isizwe seSizwe soSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. Ukutya kunye neGallstones. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 2017.
> Isizwe seSizwe soSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. Iimpawu kunye neengxaki zeGallstones. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 2017.
> I-Portincasa P, iDi Ciaula A, i-Grattagliano I. Ukukhusela iSifo soMzimba: I-Case of Gallstones Izifo: Umsebenzi kunye noBuququzeleli beeNgcali zoLuntu. Ingxelo yeKorea yeMithi yoLuntu . 2016; 37 (4): 205-213. i-doi: 10.4082 / kjfm.2016.37.4.205.