I-Brain ischemia, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cerebral ischemia okanye i-cerebrovascular ischemia, iyenzeka xa kuninzi okwaneleyo ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo. I-oksijini kunye nezondlo ezibalulekileyo ziqhutyelwa egazini ngeemithalo, eziyimithambo yegazi ezithwala i-oksijini kunye negazi elinotyebileyo igazi kuyo yonke indawo yomzimba.
Imirhobho eyenza igazi kwingqondo ilandele indlela ethile eqinisekisa ukuba yonke indawo yengqondo ihlinzekwa ngokwaneleyo ngegazi ukusuka kwenye okanye eminye imitha.
Xa umthambo kwindawo yengqondo ivalwe okanye igule, oku kukhokelela ekwenzeni i-oksijeni yokunciphisa ummandla wengqondo exhomekeke kuloo mzobo.
Nokwehla kwexeshana kwonikezelo lwe-oksijini kunokuphazamisa umsebenzi we-oksijeni-ongaphiliyo kwingingqi yengqondo. Enyanisweni, ukuba iinkoli zengqondo zithintela i-oksijeni ngaphezu kwemizuzwana embalwa, umonakalo omkhulu unokwenzeka, oku kunokubangela ukufa kweengxube zengqondo. Olu hlobo lwesifo somzimba we-tissue deaths luyaziwa ngokuba yi-cerebral infarction okanye i-ischemic stroke.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zeengqondo ze-brain ischemia zivela kwi-mild to severe. Bangakwazi ukuhlala kumasekhondi ambalwa ukuya kumbalwa imizuzu. Ukuba i-ischemia imfutshane kwaye isombulula phambi kokulimala okusisigxina (ukuphazamiseka) kungenzeka, ngoko umcimbi udlalwa ngokuba yi- eschemic attack (TIA.).
Ukuba ingqondo ibonakaliswe ngenxa ye-ischemia, iimpawu zingasigxina.
Iimpawu zobuchopho ischemia ziquka ezi zilandelayo:
- Ubuthakathaka bomzimba kumnye okanye kumacala omabili omzimba
- Ukulahlekelwa kwintlungu kumnye okanye kumacala omabili omzimba
- Ukudideka okanye ukuphazamiseka
- Utshintsho kwimboniso yombini okanye zombini amehlo
- Utywala, Vertigo
- Umbono ombini
- Intetho edibeneyo
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuqonda okanye ukuncipha kwengqondo
Iintlobo
I-Brain ischemia ingabelana ngezigaba ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi ziquka:
- I-thrombotic- lo luhlobo lwe-ischemia olubangelwa ukucinywa kwesitya segazi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yecala legazi okanye i-spasm ye-artery.
- I-embolic - olu luhlobo lwe-ischemia olubangelwa i-clot yegazi eyenza umthamo uze uhambele kwelinye (incinci elincinci) umthamo, obangela ukucinywa kwi-artery.
- I-Hypoperfusion-oku kubangelwa ukungabikho kwegazi. Ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo, ukulahlekelwa kwegazi olukhulu kwixinzelelo okanye ukuhlinzwa kungabangela ukwehla kwegazi jikelele kwiingqondo.
I-ischemia inokuchaphazela ummandla omncinci wengqondo, okanye inokuchaphazela ummandla omkhulu wengqondo okanye yonke ingqondo.
- I-Focal ischemia ivaliwe kwindawo ethile yengqondo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa i-clot yegazi ibimbile umthambo ebuchosheni. I-Focal ischemia ingaba ngumphumo we-thrombus okanye i-embolus.
- I-ischemia yehlabathi ichaphazela indawo ebanzi yengqondo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo iyenzeka xa igazi linikezelwa kwingqondo liye lancincika okanye liyeke. Oku kubangelwa ngokubanjwa komzimba.
Izizathu
I-Brain ischemia idibene nezifo ezahlukeneyo okanye izitenxo. Zingaquka ezi zilandelayo:
- Isifo se-anemia yesifo okanye ezinye izifo zegazi.
- Imitha yegazi
- I-plaque yokwakheka kwamacwecwe
- Ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Amacwecwe egazi
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
- Tachycardia
ILizwi
I-Brain ischemia inokuthintelwa. Ukonyango kwengqondo ye-chinchemia ifaka inani lamachiza asetyenziselwa unyango kunye nokukhuselwa kwesifo soqhenqa.
Ukuthintela ingqondo ye-chinchemia ifaka imishanguzo enokukunceda ukufezekisa ingcinezelo yegazi efanelekileyo , kwakunye neyeza zokunciphisa i-cholesterol yegazi kunye namanqanaba e-fat. Ukuguqulwa kwesidlo kunokukunceda ekuphumezeni amaqondo e-cholesterol efanelekileyo.
Unyango lwe-ischemia ngokukhawuleza lubandakanya imithi e-intravenous, i- Alteplase (tPA) .
Xa ilawulwa zingakapheli iiyure ezintathu zokuxilongwa, le ngonyango yonyango iboniswe ukuphucula iziphumo zonyango emva kwesifo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kokuphazamiseka, abanye abasindeyo basengozini ephezulu yokuphuhliswa kwe-post-stroke . Amachiza okulwa ne-anti-seizure angakunceda ukukhusela i-post-stroke ne-stroke kunye nokulawula ukuphazamiseka kwithuba emva kokuba uhlakulele.
> Imithombo:
> Ukulungelelanisa kwi-Neuroprotection: Ukusuka kwi-Hypoxia ukuya kwiIskemia. Li S, Hafeez A , Noorulla F, Geng X, Shao G, Ren C, Lu G, Zhao H, Ding Y, Ji X, Prog Neurobiol. 2017 Jan 18. I-pii: S0301-0082