Ukudala nokuhamba kwesandi kukuqala kwendlela yokuva. Isandi sihamba kwiindlebe size sisondele ebuchosheni kunye ne-cortex ye-cerebral (kwingqondo) ukutolika isandi.
Ngaphambi kokuba singayiva nantoni na, isandi kufuneka senziwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba isandi lizwi lomntu, i-siren, okanye i-thunderclap, zidalwa. Ezi zincinci zihamba ngumoya, isinyithi, amanzi, umthi, njl.
Le ngcamango isebenza ngendlela efanayo kunye neentambo zomlomo eziduduzayo ukuze zenze izandi esisebenzisayo ukuvelisa intetho. Ukutshatyalaza kubakho kwifom yomtsalane ekugqibeleni eyenza ezindlebeni zethu. Umtsalane odalwa kubalulekile ukuba siya kuqonda njani isandi.
Umsebenzi wangaphandle kunye ne-MIddle Ear Function
Indlebe yangaphandle yenza njengengxolo yezandi. Isandi sihamba ngaphakathi kwindlebe kwi- membrane ye-tympanic (eardrum). Amaza omsindo adibana nombundu we-tympanic aguqulwa abe yi-vibrations evezwa liqela lamathambo amancinci, eyaziwa njenge- ossicles endlebe . Ziquka i-malleus (hammer), i-incus (i-anvil), kunye ne-stapes (i-stirrup). I-malleus yowokuqala ukuqhuba ukutshintsha, okwenza ngokuqhubekayo kwi-incus kwaye iphelela kwi-stapes, edibene nefestile (vestibular) iwindow, eyahlula indlebe ephakathi entendeni yangaphakathi.
Umsebenzi weNtloko Indlebe
Umsebenzi weendlebe zangaphakathi uqala xa ukuqhutyiswa kwesangqungquthela sesandi kufinyelela kwiwindow.
Ingqungquthela yesandi ihamba nge-cochlea, ekhangeleka njengegobolondo lenkukhu. I-cochlea ihlukaniswe ngamagumbi amathathu. Amagumbi ahlukeneyo avumelana namaxesha ahlukeneyo. Uphawu luya kwi-cochlear duct ebangela ukugqithiswa kwe-endolymph (i-fluid ekhethiweyo) apho uphawu luguqulwa khona ukuba lube nomfutho wombane ogqithiselwa kwiisondlo ze-cochlear ne-vestibular.
I-cochlea iphelela kwiwindow ejikelezileyo, apho umswakro ozwakalayo ugqityizwa ngokutsha njengengcinezelo yamanzi.
Ubungqina
Inkqubo yokuphulaphula iqulethwe ngamacandelo asebenzayo amabini: iindlebe ezilungileyo kunye nendlebe ekhohlo. Iiyunithi zifana; Nangona kunjalo, nganye inendima ebalulekileyo ekuzimiseni isandi. I-medulla oblongata (inxalenye engezantsi ye-brainstem) ifumana iimpawu ezisuka kwi-vestibulocochlear nerve ngexesha elihlukeneyo kunye nexesha elinamandla kuxhomekeke apho ivela khona isandi, indlela inhloko iphendulwe ngayo, kunye nomgama wesandi. Ukwahluka ngexesha kunye nokuqina kubalulekile ekunikezeni umgangatho we-3-dimensional.
I-brainstem iyithumela umqondiso kwi-midbrain kwaye emva koko i-cortex yokuphicotha i-lobes yesikhashana yengqondo apho iimpembelelo zombane zichazwa njengezandi esizifumanayo.
Imithombo:
Jarvis, C. (2004). Iindlebe. Ukuhlolwa kweMvelo kunye noVavanyo lwezeMpilo (341-370). St Louis, eMissouri: Saunders.
AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. Ulwazi malunga nokuThetha, uLonxibelelwano, nokuQondwa.