Amathambo aphakathi kweendlebe ezitshintshela izandi kwiBongo
I-ossicles yokuphicothwa yinkxwaba yamathambo amancinci kwindlebe ephakathi ehambisa isandi esivela kwindlebe yangaphandle kwiindlebe zangaphakathi ngokugudluza kwemishini.
Amagama amathambo aquka i-ossicles yokuphicothwa athathwe kwisiLatini. I-malleus iguqulela kwi "hammer," i-incus "i-anvil," kwaye i-stapes "isitifiketi."
Ngexesha eliphakathi kwintetho, i-trio yamathambo aphicothiweyo angena kwindawo engekho mkhulu kunembewu ye-orange.
Indlela i-Auditory Ossicles Work
Injongo ye-ossicles yokuphicothwa (ebizwa ngokuba yintsimbi ye-ossicular) ukuhambisa isandi nge-reaction reaction of vibration edibanisa i-eardrum kwindlebe yangaphakathi kunye ne-cochlea. Xa izibilini zifikile kwi-cochlea, igumbi elingenalutho, elinomkhonto elizaliswe ngamanzi, liguqulelwa kwimiphumo yesibindi apho ingqondo iguqulela njengesandi.
Ukuphendulwa komnxeba wokuphicotha okuqalayo xa i-sound isifika kwi-eardrum (i-membrane ye-tympanic). Uxinzelelo olushukumisayo luyadluliselwa kwi-malleus, ithambo elichazweyo elithintela kwelinye lamalungu angama-incudomalleolar.
Ukutshukunyiswa kuthiwa kudluliselwe kwi-incus eguqulela kwenye intlangano ngaphambi kokuba idlulisele iimpembelelo kwisitapu, ithambo elingakhange libukeke nje nje njengothutho kodwa lincinane emzimbeni.
Inendima ye-ossicle yokuphicothwa igqityiweyo xa igalelo elixhasayo lidluliselwa kwi-cochlea ngokusebenzisa iwindi le-oval (ukuvula phakathi kwephakathi kunye nendlebe yangaphakathi).
I-ossicle yokuphicothwa inendima ebalulekileyo ekuvezeni ukuba iinguqu zomsindo ezivela emoyeni ziya kwi-core full-fluid e-cochlea. Benza ngokukhawuleza ukuphakamisa izibhengezo malunga nama-decibel angama-30 (dB) ukulungiselela le nguqulelo.
Umgaqo weZandi
Ukongezelela ekuququzeleleni ukuva, i-ossicle yokucwangcisa isebenza umsebenzi okhuselekileyo xa uboniswe ngokuqhubekayo, ngezwi elikhulu.
Xa oku kwenzekayo, izihlunu ze-eardrum (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-stapedius kunye nezihlunu zomsindo we-tympani) ziya kuthenga isivumelwano. Ukuqiniswa komncinci kunciphisa amandla e-eardrum ukudlidliza, ngaloo ndlela unciphise ukuhamba kwee-ossicle zokuphicotha kunye nefuthe lesandi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela, nangona kunjalo, ukuba oku akusiyo impendulo yangoko. Ingqungquthela phakathi kwe-eardrum kunye nengqondo kunye nomva kufuneka kuqala ivuselelwe ngomsindo omkhulu phambi kokuba kuthinteka. Ngaloo ndlela, i-eardrum kunye nokuvalelwa akuvumelekanga ukukhuselwa ngokukhawuleza, ukuvakala kwengxolo.
Ubudala buya kuncitshisa isivinini se-loop, okwenza abantu asebekhulile bangengozini yokuvalelwa komonakalo.
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Auditory Ossicles
I-ossicles yokuphicotha iyakwazi ukuphazamiseka ngezinye izihlandlo, kokubili ngokuthe ngqo nangokuthe ngqo. Ukulimala kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima, kwaye kungaquka:
- I-Otosclerosis , imeko apho amathambo ahlolisayo ahlanjululwa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha afune ukuba utyando lugqitywe
- Ukutshintshwa kwamathambo ahlolisayo ngenxa yokuphuka, ukuxhwaleka, okanye ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane engapheliyo
- I-Cholesteatoma , i-cyst eqhubeka emva kwe-eardrum kwaye iphelisa intshukumo yamathambo aphicothiweyo
- I-eardrum i-perforation okanye isifo (myringitis) esinciphisa intshukumo yokududuza kumathambo aphicothiweyo
- Izifo eziphakathi kweendlebe ezinokuthi zibangele i-buildup yombane ekhusela ukunyakaza kwethambo lokuhlola
- Izifo ze-Genetic eziphazamisa uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lwe-ossicle yokuphicotha
> Umthombo:
> Saha, R .; Srimani, P .; Mazumdar, A. et al. "Ukutshintsha kwemizimba ye-Middle Ear Ossicles kunye neempembelelo zeKlinikhi." J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (1): AC01-04. INGXELO: 10.7860 / JCDR / 2017 / 23906.9147.