Kutheni kuqhutyelwa amaninzi amaninzi eMzantsi Afrika
Inani elithile eUnited States lidibene nenqanaba eliphezulu lokubethelwa kwelinye ilizwe. Le yinkalo enjalo eyaziwayo ukuba ummandla waseUnited States uye wabizwa ngokuthi 'ibhande lokushayiswa' ngummandla wezonyango kunye neengcali zempilo yoluntu.
Ngenxa yokuba uhlangothi olunezinye zezimbangela zokufa nokukhubazeka, kubalulekile ukuqonda oko kubeka abantu base-United States besengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka, kunye nokujonga indlela yokukhusela ukubetha phakathi kwabantu abasengozini.
Ukuba uvela kwibhanti ye-United States, ufanele ukwazi iinyani malunga nendlela onokuphepha ngayo ukuba yixhoba lomvimbo.
IStroke Belt
Idatha evela kumaziko okuLawula izifo ezineminyaka engama-40 ibonisa ukuba abantu abavela kwibhande lomkhonto banokungenani kabini ukuba bafumane unxephezelo ngexesha lokuphila kwabo njengabantu abaneminyaka efanayo abangabikho kwibhande elithintekayo. Amazwe anesantya esiphezulu sokubetha e-United States onke afumaneka kwiindawo ezisemzantsi wase-US. Zizo (nge-alfabhethi): Alabama, Arkansas, eGeorgia, e-Indiana, eKentucky, eLouasana, eMississippi, eNorth Carolina, eMzantsi Carolina naseTennessee. Okuthakazelisayo kukuba abantu abakhulile ebhanti yecroke baze bafudukela kwelinye ilizwe elingaphandle kwebhanti elitshatyalaliswayo emva kobuntwana bayaqhubeka befumana ithuba lokutshatyalaliswa xa bekhulile kunabalingane babo obudala.
Izizathu Zokunyuka Kwesiqhwithi Phakathi Kwabantu Banye KwiStroke Belt
Kukho izimbangela ezininzi zeziganeko ezithintekayo eziphazamisa abantu abavela kwibhande le-United States. Enyanisweni, iziganeko zokunyuka kwesibindi yimbambano ebalulekileyo ekunakekeleni kwezempilo yaseMelika, ukuba idatha eqokelelwe kumawaka ezigidi ezigulane yayisetyenziswa kwiZizathu zokuSahlukana koBume kunye nobuhlanga kwiStroke (REGARDS).
Olu lwaluyinxalenye kazwelonke, esekelwe ngabantu, isifundo sexesha elide labadala abamhlophe nabamnyama abaneminyaka engama-45 ubudala, ababhalisiwe kulo nyaka-2003 ukuya ku-2007. zale miba yayixanduva lokunyuka kwezinga lokukhwabanisa kwi-belt yase-United States. Kukho iziphumo ezithandekayo.
Iipatheni zeZidlo
Iipatheni ezithile zokutya zazifunyaniswe ukuba zinxulumene kakhulu nomngcipheko ophezulu wokubetha nesifo senhliziyo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umzekelo othile wesondlo obizwa ngokuba ngumzekelo weSatifikethi seMdlo waseMzantsi, wahlanganiswa nomngcipheko ophezulu malunga no-56. Ukutya oku, ngokubhaliweyo bombhali, kubonakaliswa ngamafutha athile, ukutya okuthosiweyo, amaqanda, isilwanyana kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenyama, kunye neeshukela ezicocekileyo. Ukutya kuboniswe ukuba kunempembelelo kwimicimbi emininzi yezempilo, kubandakanya isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, amanqanaba omnxeba kunye namazinga e-cholesterol, zonke ezo ziyaziwa kakhulu zichaphazela ingozi enkulu.
Isampula seMzantsi Dietary siquka i-staples ezimbalwa eziyaziwayo eziyingozi kakhulu kumzimba ngeendlela ezikhokelela ekubetheni. Ioli egqithiseleyo ekudleni kwakho inokuphakamisa i-cholesterol kunye nezinga le-triglyceride , eyaziwayo ukuba ibangele isifo.
Ukutya okuthosiweyo kunye nokutya okucutshungulwayo kuninzi kwintlobo ethile yeoli ebizwa ngokuba yi-trans fat okanye i-fat hydrogenated fat. I-Trans amafutha ngamafutha anzima ukuba umzimba uphendule kakuhle. Ukutya okuphezulu kwamafutha atshintshe kudibanisene kakhulu neemeko eziphezulu zesifo. Ukutya okunzima ukutya okuthosiweyo, ukutya okucutshungulwayo, amafutha kunye noshukela kunokukhokelela ekutyepheni kunye nesifo sikashukela, zombini ezibangela ukubetha.
Imbali Yentsapho
Enye ingozi ebalulekileyo yengozi yembali yentsapho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abadala abanelungu lentsapho elinesifo sokubethelwa kwesibalo bafumana ithuba elingama-33 eliphezulu lokuba nesifo.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zezifo ezenzeka phakathi kwamalungu entsapho. I-Genetics yisona sizathu esona sizathu sobunzima beentsapho zokuphuhlisa isifo esithile. Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-genetics inefuthe ekungciphekweni kwe-stroke. Ngokomzekelo, uphando olutshanje olusuka kwiYunivesithi yaseVermont yeeMpilo lulandele abantu abangaphezu kwama-30,000 ukuba bafune ukuxilongwa kwesifo somzimba.
Ngaphezulu kwexesha leminyaka emihlanu, kwaphawulwa ukuba abantu abane-blood type AB babenakho amathuba okuba ne-stroke kunabantu abaphethe uhlobo lwegazi O, uhlobo lwegazi A, okanye uhlobo lwegazi B. Uhlobo lwegazi luhlobo lwezofuzo. Ngokweqhelo, uhlobo lwegazi AB luyinto encinci yezinto ezine zegazi. Isifo sesisifo se-Sickle, esinye sezidumbu zegazi zohlobo lwe-genetic, esisinye sezizathu eziqinileyo zesifo. Iziphazamiso ezininzi zegazi kunye neemeko zentliziyo ezisebenza kwiintsapho ziyaziwa ngokukhokelela ekubetheni. Kukho, ngokufanayo, ezinye iingxaki ezingaqhelekanga zentsapho zemithwalo yegazi kwingqondo engakhokelela ekubetheni.
Kodwa, nangona konke oku, abaphandi baseYunivesithi yaseStanford baye bafumanisa ukuba iimeko zokuphila zona zixanduva lobuninzi beendawo kwiingozi zokuphazamiseka kwe-stroke e-United States, kungekhona i-gene. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iigulo zidlala indima, kodwa izazinzulu zenza uphando oluthile lwe-DNA kwaye zafumanisa ukuba kukho ukungafani kofuzo phakathi kwabantu abahlala kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo e-United States. Ngelo xesha, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezihluka kummandla omnye ukuya kwelinye, kubandakanywa ukutya, ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kotywala, izinga lemfundo, ingeniso, nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yolondolozo lwempilo, yonke into edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekhokelela ekubetheni.
Ukubuyela kumathuba okubetha phakathi kwamalungu entsapho, kubonakala ukuba imikhuba yokuphila njengendlela yokutya, ukutshaya, nokufumana unyango lwezempilo ngokuqhelekileyo iyafana kakhulu phakathi kwamalungu entsapho kunabanye abangengowentsapho. Oku kukuqinisekileyo, inxalenye enkulu yesizathu sokubambisana nomhlobo wesifo somzimba.
Unokwenza Nantoni Na Ngomngcipheko Wakho?
Ukuba uvela kwibhande lokubetha, ukuba uhlala kwibhinti yecroke okanye ukuba unenkqubela yentsapho yokuqina, oko akuthethi ukuba ufanele ulindele ukuba unobungozi ebomini bakho. Kukho uninzi lwezinto onokuzenza ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba unxephezelo, nokuba uwela 'kwindawo ephezulu yengozi.' Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kakhulu ekunciphiseni amathuba okuba unesihlungu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uvela phi.
Ukuvavanywa Kwezinto Ezijongene Nengozi
Kukho uninzi lweemvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokuhlola iingozi zengozi. Enyanisweni, i-check-ups yakho rhoqo kwiofisi yegqirha isoloko iphumelela kakhulu ukujonga i-check-ups yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokubetha. Ingaba ugqirha wakho uyayiphulaphula intliziyo yakho xa ungena kwi-check-up? Emva koko, unesiqunto sokukhangela ngaphandle kokuqaphela! Unokufumana okungakumbi malunga nokuvakatyelela kwakho rhoqo ugqirha kubandakanya iimvavanyo zokuhlola i-stroke.
Yeka Ukubhema
Abatshayi bambi abaninzi abafuni ukuva oku, kodwa ukutshaya ngenye yezindlela ezinzulu kakhulu zokulimaza umzimba wakho kunye nengqondo yakho. Ukubhema kubangela umonakalo omkhulu wemithambo yegazi kwingqondo yakho nasentliziyweni yakho. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko we-stroke. Nangona kunjalo, ngokumangalisayo, umonakalo obangelwa ukutshaya unokujika xa uyeka phambi kokuba ingozi ibangela imiphumo engapheliyo njengesihlungu nesifo somhlaza.
Ukuhla ukusinda
Ukunyanyiswa kwesinye esinye isichengeni sengozi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunciphisa umzimba. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo kukuphakathi kwemiba enzima kakhulu yokuphila umntu anokujamelana nayo. Kodwa, nenkqubela encinane ekubhekisele kwisisindo sakho esinempilo sinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho ngokunciphisa amathuba akho okuba ne-stroke.
Ukutya
Esi siphumo seMidlo seMdlo ngumkhuba onzima wokuphula. Kodwa, baninzi abantu abaye benza utshintsho oluncinane kwimikhwa yokutya eyenza umehluko omkhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ukunciphisa ukutya kwakho okutyiweyo kungenza umehluko omkhulu kwingozi yakho yokuncintisana ngokunciphisa ukutya kwakho kwamafutha.
I-antioxidants yinye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yiphina ukutya. Fumana okunye malunga nemiphumo ye-antioxidants, eyinxalenye yokukhuthaza impilo, izityalo kunye namantongomane. Ukuhambisa ukutya okucwangcisiweyo kunye neziqhamo kunye nemifuno enokuzikhusela kunokukhusela umzimba wakho kumonakalo.
Ukuzivocavoca
Ukuzivocavoca kuye kwabonakaliswa ukukhusela i-stroke. Ukusebenzisa akuthethi ukuba kufuneka uguqulwe ngokupheleleyo ubomi bakho. Mhlawumbi awuyiqondi, kodwa kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzivocavoca osuyenzayo ngeveki. Isibalulekileyo kukunyusa loo mizimba yokusebenza ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba unxephezelo.
Iipatheni zomsebenzi
Iimeko ezinzima zokuxinezeleka zidibene nomngcipheko wokunyuka kwesifo. Iishedyuli zokutshintshwa ezingaqhelekanga ziye zadibaniswa nokubetha. Ngoxa umsebenzi ungento ebambalwa abantu abanamandla okulawula, kukho amanyathelo ambalwa ongayenza ukuze uqinisekise indawo ekhuselekileyo yomsebenzi. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ukuba unesimo sokuqinisekisa indawo engumsebenzi onobungozi osebenza nabo okanye abaphantsi kwakho, qaphela ukuba imiba enjengokukhuseleko emsebenzini, ixesha elide lomsebenzi, uxinzelelo lomsebenzi kunye neshedyuli yomsebenzi ongenakulinganisekiyo inempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo yabasebenzi bakho. Unokufumana okungakumbi malunga neeyure ezithintela umngcipheko wengozi kunye nendlela iiyure ezitshintshisayo zichaphazela ngayo umngcipheko we-stroke.
Iindawo ezilungileyo
Ukuphumula, ukucamngca, ukomoya, nobudlelwane obuhle bonke baye baqinisekiswa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo. Uninzi lwabantu luyakwazi ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi ngokubhekiselele ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo.
Ibhanti ye-United States iyinto 'yinyani.' Kodwa ukwanda kwintlanzi phakathi kwabantu abavela kwibhande elibizayo akuyona into engatshintshiyo. Unokuthatha inyathelo lokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba uhlaselwa xa unemiba yempilo okanye imiba yokuphila eyakubeka engozini yokuba ne-stroke. Ukuthatha amanyathelo amancinci ekuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwesithintelo kunokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwakho ngo-12.5.
> Imithombo:
> Kennedy RE, Howard G, Hamba uRC, et al. Umbutho Phakathi koMngcipheko wentsapho ye-Stroke kunye ne-Myocardial Infarction enezinto ezinobungozi obuphezulu kunye nezifo ezikhoyo. Stroke . 2012; 43 (4): 974-9.
> Rehkopf DH, iDomingue BW, Cullen MR. Ukusabalaliswa kweGeographicality of Risk Genetic njengokuba kuthelekiswa neengozi zentlalo yezifo ezingapheliyo eUnited States. Biodemography Soc Biol. 2016; 62 (1): 126-42.
> Shikany JM, Safford MM, Newby PK, Durant RW, Brown TM, Judd SE. Isampula seMdlo yeZondlo siHlanganiswe neNgcembelelo yezifo zentliziyo yeCoronary Heart in Izizathu zokuSahlukana koBume kunye noBantu kwiSharkey (IMIBUZO) Isifundo. Ukuhamba . 2015; 132 (9): 804-14.
> Verduzco LA, Nathan DG. Isifo seSickle Disease neStroke. Igazi . 2009; 114 (25): 5117-25.
> Zakai NA, Judd SE, Alexander K, et al. Uhlobo lwegazi kunye neengozi zeStroke: Izizathu zokuHlukana koBume kunye noBuchule kwiSifundo seStroke. J Thromb Haemost. 2014; 12 (4): 564-70.