Ukuphazamiseka komonakalo kwengqondo kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kokuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo. Ininzi yexesha, oku kubangelwa ukuthintela okuqhelekileyo, ukuhamba kakuhle kwegazi ngenxa yemida yegazi ewonakele kwingqondo , intliziyo okanye intamo. Imikhumbi yegazi ibonakaliswe ngenxa yeengxaki zesikhathi eside ezifana nokutshaya, isifo sikashukela kunye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ukongezelela, i-cholesterol ephezulu kunye ne-triglycerides egazini ithambekele ekudongeni eludongeni lweetriyiti, okubangele ukunciphisa le mijelo yegazi kunye nokubeka phambili kwi-clots yegazi engaphazamisekiyo ephazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwingqondo, kubangela ukubetha.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha isiphako esinxulumene negazi lomntu ngokwenene sizathu sesifo. Izifo zokuqhawula ngegazi zenza umntu akwazi ukulungelelanisa i-blood clots engafanelekiyo, ekhokelela kwimivimbo ye-ischemic . Ukuphazamiseka kwezibilini kubangela ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithiseleyo, oku kungakhokelela kwimivimbo ephazamisayo . Uninzi lweengxaki zegazi ezikhokelela ekubetheni, zimbalwa zibangelwa yimithi. Fumana oku ngakumbi malunga neengxaki zegazi eziqhelekileyo ezikhokelela ekubetheni.
Isifo seSifo seSille
Isifo sesifo se-Sickle sisinye sezifo zegazi eziqhelekileyo. Siyisifo esibangela imeko ebizwa ngokuthi 'igulane' yamaseli obomvu. Ukugula ngethuba xa isalathisi segazi elibomvu sitshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo kwimilo eqhelekileyo, ejikeleziweyo kwaye, endaweni yoko, iguqula ibe yinto engavamile.
Xa umntu onesifo sesigulo sesigulo afumana ukugula okanye ukusuleleka, oku kunokubangela ingxaki yeselenki yegaleke apho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu agula kwaye abe nethambeko lokwenza i-blood clots.
Abantu abanesifo sengqungquthela segulane banama-2-3x amathuba okuba bafumane unxephezelo kunabantu abangenayo isifo segciwane lesigane. Kwakhona, umntu onesifo sesigulane segulane cishe unokufumana unxephezelo ebusheni kunabantu abangenayo isifo segulane yesalane.
Uninzi lwabantu abanezifo zesifo segulane zifunyaniswa ngethuba lobuncinci, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo bayazi ukuba banesi sifo kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba babe ne-stroke.
Ukuba unesifo segleyile yesifo, indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokukhusela isifo sokukhusela ukukhusela ingxaki yeselenga yegale, eyinselele engunaphakade.
Isifo sesifo seSickle sisifo esiza kufa. I-X-linked-disorder disorder, oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu unomnye we-X i-chromosome ekhowudi ye-disorder kunye nelinye i-X ye-chromosome engayikhowudi yesifo, umntu alindelekile ukuba abe nesifo. Ekubeni, abesilisa bane-X kuphela ye-chromosome, ukuba i-X ye-kromosome ikhowudi yesifo segulane yesigane, ke loo mfana uza kuba nesifo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhinqa ine-2 X ye-chromosomes, ngoko ke ukuba enye ye-X i-chromosomes ikhowudi yesifo segulane kunye nesinye i-X i-chromosome ayifaki ikhowudi yesifo, loo mfazi akayi kuba nemiphumo epheleleyo yesifo.
I-Blood Clotting kunye neeprotheyini ezingaqhelekanga
Ukuqhawula ngegazi kuyimpendulo eyinkimbinkimbi yomzimba ekuphumeni kwegazi. Xa unobungozi, umzimba wakho udala ama-blood clots ukukhusela ukulahleka kwegazi. Ngokomzekelo, nanini na xa unesihlunu esivulekile, umzimba wakho wenza igazi le-clot ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi. Oku kufuna iiprotheni kunye namahomoni asebenza ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, iiprotheyini ezibandakanyekayo ekwenzeni iimbambo zegazi zinganyanisekanga okanye zingabonakali.
Oku kudla ngokuba ngenxa yeengxaki zegazi.
Izifo ezifuywayo eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukuba i-blood clot yenziwe ngokweqile zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Ufumane i-hyperhomocysteinemia
- Iprotheni C okanye i-S
- I-Factor V Leiden mutation
- I-Methyl-tetrahydro-folate-reductase (MTHFR)
- C677T uguquko
- Anticardiolipin antibodies
- Lupus anticoagulant
- Thrombocytosis
- G20210A i-prothrombin gene mutation
- I-Fibrinogen, i-XIII ye-gene engavamile
Zonke ezi ngxaki ze-clotting problems are rare. Nangona kunjalo, xa umntu enesifo esingenakuchazwa ngaphandle kwengozi ebonakalayo ingozi, ingakumbi xa umntu eselula, ingxaki ye-blood clotting ingabangela imbandezelo.
Uninzi lweelabhu zonyango aziqhelekanga ukuvavanywa okuzodwa ezichaphazelekayo kwezi zifo, kwaye iziphumo zokuvavanya izifo zokuqhawula igazi zidla ixesha elide ukubuyela. Uninzi lweengxaki zokuqhawula ngegazi lusekhaya, ngoko, njengenxalenye yokuvavanya kwezi zifo ezinqabileyo zegazi, ugqirha wakho unokubuza ukuba unayo imbali yentsapho yegazi elingavamile, okanye ukuba unayo ingxaki yokuhambisa.
Iingxaki zokuhlamba
Iingxaki zokuhlamba zenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukwenza i-clot yegazi ephilileyo. Ukuba unenkinga yokuphuma kwegazi, ungazichitha ixesha elide kunokulindela emva kokuba unqunywe. Ezinye zeengxaki zegazi ezibangelwa ukuphuma ngegazi ngokweqile zibizwa ngokuba yi-hemophilia. Ukuhlambalaza kwingqondo yinto enqabileyo yenkxalabo yeengxaki zokuphuma kwegazi. Ezi ntlupheko zibonakaliswa kukusilela kwelinye okanye ngaphezulu kweeprotheni ukuba umzimba wakho udinga ukwenza i-clot yegazi ephilileyo.
Akunqabile ukuba neyodwa yeengxaki eziphaphayo, kwaye phakathi kwabantu abanezi zifo, akunqabile ukuba nesifo esibuhlungu ngenxa yesifo. Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okuxhatshazwayo kuphazamiseka kubandakanya ukuhluleka okukhulu kweFV, FX, FVII kunye neFXIII. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo kwiyodwa okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ngxaki ukuba unokukhawuleza, ukuchithwa kwegazi (ingazi) engqondweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lokuqala kwixesha le-prothrombin (PT) okanye ixesha elithile le-thromboplastin (PTT) okanye 'ixesha lokulipha' ukuze ubone ukuba unayo ingxaki yokuphuma egazini elivimbela igazi lakho ukuba lingasebenzi kakuhle.
Cancer
I-Cancer iyichaphazela umzimba ngeendlela ezininzi. Enye yezo ndlela kukuba ngokwenza igazi lilungele ukudala ama-blood clots amaninzi. Abantu abanomhlaza banamathele emagqabeni egazi angabangela ukugqithiswa kwamapulmon kunye nemivimbo. Enyanisweni, abantu abanomdlavuza banamaqondo angama-20 ekhulwini. Oku kungaba ngumphumo we-chemotherapy, kodwa umhlaza ngokwawo unokwenza umzimba ube nolunzima kakhulu.
Kuyinto engavamile ukuba umntu onomdlavuza abe nesifo ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza ufumaneke. Nangona kunjalo, xa umntu enesifo esingenakuchazwa, iqela lezonyango livavanya umhlaza ukuba libone ukuba ngaba ingaba yinkcazo yecroke engachazwanga. Ukuba une-stroke engachazwanga, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cryptogenic stroke, unokufumana iimvavanyo ezininzi zegazi ukuze ubone ukuba kukho inkcazo yezokwelapha kwi-cryptogenic stroke, njengengxaki yegazi okanye umhlaza.
Igalelo leCandelo leNgcinizi yegazi
Abagcini bamagazi bonyango olusetyenziswa ukukhusela igazi. Ukuhlamba ngenye yeempembelelo eziqhelekileyo zegazi . Nangona akuqhelekanga ukuba abagcini bamagazi bangela ukuba igazi liphephe ingqondo, lingaba njengengxaki yegazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-stroke ephazamisayo, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke xa umthamo wegazi ocebileyo uphezulu kakhulu.
IHormone Therapy
Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala kunye ne-esrogen-based okanye i-testosterone-based based hormone therapy iye yadibaniswa nokutshintsha okwenyukayo kokuba negazi, kuquka imivimbo. Umngcipheko wokuba ne-stroke ngenxa yeepilisi zokulawula iipilisi aphantsi kakhulu, nangona ukudibanisa ukutshaya kunye nokulawulwa kweepilisi kuphakamisa umngcipheko. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-hormone yonyango yokutshintshwa kunye nokushaywa komzimba kulukhuni. Unokufumana okungakumbi malunga nekhonkco phakathi kwesisu kunye nama-hormone asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge- estrogen , i-erythropoietin kunye ne- testosterone .
I-Vitamin okanye I-Herb Overdose
Kukho iivithamini ezimbalwa kunye neengcambu ezinokuchaphazela i-clotting yegazi, okubangelwa sisifo se-ischemic okanye isifo esibuhlungu. Okugqithiseleyo, i-vitamin K, inxalenye yendalo yemifuno eluhlaza, iyancedisa ngokuqhelekileyo, i-blood cloting. Ukugqithisa kwi-vitamin K, ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kweepilisi okanye iisenki kungabangela iingozi zegazi. Ezinye izityalo ezifana ne-gingko kunye ne-ginger zingabangela ukuba igazi lixakeke ngokugqithiseleyo, ingakumbi kubantu abasele bathatha igazi eligciniweyo njenge-aspirin. Kungcono ukugcina ukumodareyitha xa uthatha amavithamini kunye nemifuno. Unokufumana ngakumbi malunga nendlela iivithamini kunye nemifuno echaphazela ngayo ingqondo.
> Imithombo:
> Martínez-martínez M, Cazorla-García R, Rodríguez de Antonio LA, Martínez-sánchez P, Fuentes B, Diez-tejedor E. [I-Hypercoagulability kunye neSkemikro Stroke kwizigulane eziselula]. Neurologia . 2010; 25 (6): 343-8.
> Siboni SM, uZanon E, uSottilotta G, et al. I-System Central yeNervous Bleeding in Patients With Disorders Rare Disorders. Haemophilia . 2012; 18 (1): 34-8.
> Strouse JJ, Lanzkron S, Urrutia V. I-Epidemiology, UkuVavanywa nokuPhathwa kweStroke kuBadala abaneSifo seSelle. Iingcali zoBuHematol . 2011; 4 (6): 597-606.
> I-Taccone FS, i-Jeangette SM, iBlecic SA. Okokuqala-Ngaba unokubethelwa ngothintelo njengoPhulo lokuqala lweCanceric. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis . 2008; 17 (4): 169-74.