I-stroke ye-ischemic yindlela yovalo olubangelwa ukungabikho kwegazi kwiingqondo. Oku kwahluke kwi- stroke ephazamisayo , ebangelwa ukuphuma kumbilini. Phantse i-70-80% yemivimbo yesifo se-ischemic, ngelixa ezinye izibetha zibonakalisa iimpawu ze-ischemic kunye nezimangalisa, kwaye ezinye zivuthayo.
I-Iskemia inokwenzeka nakweyiphi inxalenye yomzimba, kubandakanywa nengqondo, xa umthambo owanika ummandla womzimba ngegazi uvinjiwe nge-clot igazi okanye uwonakele ngendlela ephazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi.
Igazi eligeleza kwiimitha zeetriyiti liqukethe iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezihambisa i-oksijini kwiiseli eziseduze. Igazi eligeleza kwimithambo yegazi libuye linike amanzi, izondlo, kunye neemaminerali kuzo zonke iiseli zomzimba, ngelixa zisusa izinto ezingcolileyo. Ngoko ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kunemiphumo emibi kuba yonke iseli emzimbeni idinga i-oksijeni, amanzi, izondlo kunye neeminerali ukuze ziphile. I-Iskemia iyakwenzeka kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba, kwaye xa ivela kwingqondo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-ischemic stroke.
Ukulimala okubangelwa yi-Iskemia kuthiwa yi-Infarct
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba i-ischemia ihlala ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa, utshintsho olwenyakalayo lwezinto eziphilayo luqala ukuqhubeka. Olu tshintsho lwezinto eziphilayo luwonakalisa ingqondo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-infarction, okanye i-infarct. Iingqondo ziphazamisa iziphumo zenguqu kunye nomsebenzi weeseli zengqondo. Utshintsho luveliswa ngokuvuvukala kunye nokukhutshwa kweetekisi ezilimaza iiseli, kunye nokukhutshwa komkhuhlane ogqithiseleyo obangela ukuvuvukala kunye nokuguqulwa kwimithambo yegazi.
Ixesha lexesha lokulimala kweekhemikhali kwengqondo engapheliyo iqala emva kwemizuzu emva kwe-ischemia, idlula kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya ku-24. Ekugqibeleni, umonakalo ongenakunaphakade ungenzeka kwingingqi echaphazelekayo yengqondo xa ukuhamba kwegazi kungabuyiselwa. Ngoko ke, ukuqaphela ngokukhawuleza kweempawu zesifo kunye nokunyangwa kwezokwelapha kunokusindisa ubomi kunye nokukhusela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwi-stroke.
Xa ummandla wengqondo uqhubekile, abantu bafumana iimpawu ze-neurological ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wengingqi engenakukhubazeka kwengqondo. Izimpawu zeengqondo zihambelana nommandla owonakele wengqondo .
Uphando lwezenzululwazi lwakutshanje luye lwavumela oogqirha ukuba bagcine kakuhle kwaye baqonde kakuhle inkqubo ye-ischemia, enceda ekuphuhliseni unyango olungcono lwezonyango zokukhusela izigulane. Uphando kwimeko yokukhusela i-nervous neuro ekugqibeleni ingabangela iindlela zokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa umonakalo obangelwa yi-stroke.
Ixeshana iIskemia
Xa i-ischememia iyenzeka, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ibuyele, abantu bafumana ukubetha kwexeshana, okubhekiselwe phambili njengendlela yokubetha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic , okanye i-TIA, kuba i-ischemia iphela nje kwaye ayihlali ixesha elide ukudala umonakalo ongunaphakade. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana i-TIA, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba lesi sibonakaliso sesilumkiso esibonisa ukuba usengozini yokubetha, kwaye ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza .
Imiba yengozi
Imiba yengozi ye-stroke ye-ischemic iquka naluphi na isifo esibangela ukuxhomekeka kwindlela yokwenza i-blood clot engavumelekanga okanye nasiphi na isifo esonakalisa intsimbi yangaphakathi yeengqungquthela engqondweni (i-artery cerebral arteries), nto leyo eyenza ukuba bakwazi ukuvala.
Izifo zentliziyo, i- cholesterol ephezulu , ukutshaya , izifo zesifo se-cerebrovascular , i-hypertension, i-diabetes engalawulwa kakubi kunye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi zizo zonke iingxaki zobungozi be-ischemic.
Unyango lwe-stroke ye-ischemic
Ukunyanga okukhawulezileyo yokubetheka kwe-ischemic kubandakanya ukubeka iliso kunye nokulawulwa kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye noshukela wegazi kunye nokulawulwa kwegazi eliqinileyo. Ukunyangwa kwexesha elide le-stroke ye-ischemic kubandakanya ukugcina uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, ukulawulwa kwesifo senhliziyo, ukulawula ishukela egazini, ukunciphisa i-cholesterol kwaye mhlawumbi ukuthatha i-cholesterol yegazi ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwamacandelo egazi elimazi.
Imikhwa ethile, njengokutya, ukuzivocavoca kunye nokubhema kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwi-stroke ye-ischemic.
Imithombo:
Ukuphumelela kwezobuchopho bokucinga ngeengqondo kwizigulane eziphazamisayo zezigulane, iVon Kummer R, Dzialowski I, uGerber J, I-Journal ye-Neuroradiology, ngoNovemba 2014
Ixesha lexesha lokufa kwe-neuronal kulandela i-endothelin-1 ejoliswe kwi-ikhemikia kwiinkongi, Nguemeni C, Gomez-Smith M, Jeffers M, Schuch CP, Corbett D, I-Journal ye-Neuroscience Methods, uJanuwari 2015