Ukuphazamiseka kukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kummandla wengqondo.
Igazi lithwala i-oksijeni kunye nezondlo ngeetyhulwa zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba yimibhobho. Naluphi na ukunyaniseka kwigazi lokujikeleza kwegazi kwindawo yengqondo kunqanda ingqondo efunekayo i-oxygen kunye nezondlo. Oku kubangela ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wengxenye yengqondo ehlinzekwe ngumthambo othile. I-stroke ibonakalisa njengeqela leempawu ezibangelwa ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wengxenye yengqondo.
Inxalenye yengqondo echaphazelekayo ngesigxina ihambelana nesitya esithile segazi. Xa isitya segazi sivinjiwe okanye sonakaliswe ngenxa yokuvuza okanye ukuphuka , oku kubangela ukuba igazi linikezele okanye lume. Imithambo yegazi ehambisa ingqondo ihambelana nengxenye yengqondo, ilandela iphethini ecacileyo. Ezinye iindawo ezisengqondweni zifumana igazi ukusuka kwinqwelo yegazi enye, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, isitya esisinye segazi sinika ininzi yegazi kwingingqi ethile yengqondo.
Oku kuluhlu lweemivenge zegazi ezithi, xa zenzakele, zenze i-stroke.
Imithambo yegazi yengqondo
Iiraroti ze-Carotid - Iimitha ze-carotid ziphambi kwentamo kwaye zinika uninzi lwegazi kwiinkonzo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambili kwengqondo. Iingqungquthela ze-Carotid zisentanyeni, ngoko zifikeleleke ngakumbi kuneemithwalo yegazi kwingqondo ngokwawo. Oku kuvumela oogqirha ukuba bahlolisise impilo yeetriyeri ze-carotid usebenzisa izixhobo ezinjenge-ultrasound ukubona ukuba iirriyiti ze-carotid zincinci okanye zininzi ze-cholesterol zakha.
Iingqungquthela ze-Carotid nazo zifikeleleke ngakumbi xa kulungiswa ukukhanda kuneemithwalo yegazi ephantsi kwengqondo.
Imithambo ye -vertebral - Imithambo ye-vertebral ingemva kwentamo kwaye inika igazi kwimva yengqondo. Imithambo ye-vertebral inikeza igazi kwingxenye encinci yengqondo, ingqondo, kodwa inxalenye yengqondo elawula imisebenzi yokugcina ubomi njengokuphefumla nokulawula intliziyo.
Umzila we-Basilar - Umthambo we -basilar ukuhlanganiswa kwemithambo ye-vertebral ekude kunye nokujula kwengqondo. Inika igazi kwi-brainstem, elawula ukuhamba kwamehlo kunye nemisebenzi yokuxhasa ubomi.
Umzobo we-cerebral yangaphakathi - Iimpawu ze-cerebral zangasese kunye ne-right panter are branches of left and right carotid arteries, ngokulandelanayo, kwaye zinika igazi kummandla ongaphambili wengqondo, elawula ukuziphatha kunye neengcamango.
Umthambo we-cerebral artery - I-artery midari ye-cerebral arteries ngamagatsha asekhohlo kunye ne-right carotid artery, ngokulandelanayo. I -arteries midlalo ye-cerebral arteries inikezela ngegazi kwiindawo zeengqondo ezilawula ukuhamba. Kukho umzobo ophakathi ophakathi kwe-cerebral artery kwicala lasekhohlo lobuchopho kunye nelinye icala kwicala.
Umzobo ongasemva we-cerebral - Iimitha ze- cerebral arterial post zivela kwi-basilar artery. I-artery ye-posterior yecerebral ephezulu ihambisa igazi kwindawo ekude yangasese yombilini kunye nekhohlo yecerebral post yangasemva ihlinzeka ngegazi kwindawo ekude ekhohlo yengqondo.
I-artery yokuxhumana engezantsi - I-posterior artery communicating ivumela igazi ukuba ligele phakathi kweempawu ze-cerebral. Oku kunika umphumo wokukhusela.
Xa enye yamarriyiti ephezulu emva kokuba yinkomfa iba yincinci encinci, umzobo ongasemva wokunxibelelana unako ukuhlawulela ukunciphisa okulula ngokunikezela ngegazi ngaphesheya, njengengxowa okanye ibhuloho.
Intsimbi yomnxibelelwano yangaphambili - I-artery yomnxibelelwano yangaphambili yintsebenziswano phakathi kweemibhobho ze-cerebral zangasese zangasemva. Le nqanawa yegazi, njengombane wezithuba ezihamba phambili, inika isiqhagamshelana phakathi kweempawu ze-cerebral zangasese nangesobunxele, ezinika umphumo wokukhusela ukuxinwa kancinci kwelinye icala ngokuvumela ukwabiwa kwegazi ukusuka kwelinye icala.
I-Ophthalmic- Iingxube ze-ophthalmic zinika igazi kwiso kwaye ke zinika izondlo ezibalulekileyo kwimiboniso kunye nokuhamba kwamehlo.
I-retinal - Iimitha ze-retina ziimithambo encinci yegazi ezinika igazi kwicandelo encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu kwiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-retina. Fumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga ne- retinal stroke .
Xa indawo yengqondo ingenako ukunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo, i-stroke ingenzeka. Izimpawu ezidibeneyo zinceda abanonophelo bonyango ukuba baqaphele indawo yokubethelwa kwesibalo kunye nesiphatho segazi esichaphazelekayo. Oku kunokunceda kwixesha elide kunye nexesha elifutshane lokunyanga kunye nesicwangciso sokubuyisela.
Imithombo
UMartin Samuels noDavid Feske, i-Office Practice ye-Neurology, i-2 ye-Edition, uChurchill Livingston, 2003