Ukuqaphela Ubunzima Bokushisa Ngobunzulu kunye neNgingqi
Ukuqaphela ubunzima bokutshisa ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezibini ezibalulekileyo: indlela ekujonge ngayo (indlela ephakamileyo ngayo isikhumba esiyingozi).
Ngexesha lokufowunela 911
Kukho ezinye izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba ukutshiswa kubaluleke kakhulu kwonyango liqela elikhethekileyo kwisikhululo sokutshisa.
Zihlanganiswe ngezantsi kwaye nayiphi na ukushisa okufana nale miqathango ichaza umnxeba kwi-911 . Kwiindawo ezininzi, ii- ambulensi okanye ii-helicopter ziyakwazi ukuthatha amaxhoba ashushu ngokusuka kwindawo leyo ukuya kwindawo yokutshisa, nokuba ingaba kwisibhedlele esiseduze.
Ukuba ufumana ukutshiswa esandleni sakho kwisitofu okanye ibhafu, amathuba kukuba ukutshiswa kukuhle kwaye kukwazi ukuphatha i-TLC yasekhaya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi (akukho nxeba ejoliswe kuyo), unokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunye nefuna ukubiza 911 okwangoku. Ukuqaphela ubunzima bokutshiswa kubalulekile ukuba ufuna ukuzama ukuphatha ukutshiswa ekhaya.
Burn Degrees
Ubunzulu bulinganiswa kuma degree okutshisa . Ukutshiswa kwe-first degree kuyinto engaphezulu kwaye akuvuli ukusulela kwisifo okanye ukuphulukana. Ukutshisa kweyesibili, eyaziwayo njengobunzima-bume, bonakalise nje kuphela umgca wesikhumba, kodwa ukwandisa kwinxalenye enkulu yesikhumba apho izinwele zikhula kwaye izigulane zikhukhulayo.
I-third-degree-burns ibizwa ngokuba yi-full-thickness kwaye ibulale isikhumba yonke indlela eya kwiinqununu ezinamafutha ngaphantsi (okanye nakwi-muscle).
Ukushisa kokuQala
Ukutshisa okuqala kukubhekiselele kwenzakalo yokutshabalalisa apho umgangatho wesikhumba unobungozi, kodwa i-epidermis (ingqimba yecala ) isasebenza, kwaye ngoko iyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo (ukulawula ukushisa nokukhusela kwisifo okanye ukulimala) . Ukutshiswa kwe-first-degree kuthathwa njengotshiso olungaphezulu . Xa uhlola ubunzima bokutshisa ukujonga ukuba isigulane sidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlele, ababoneleli benonophelo lwempilo bayayihoxisa ukutsha kwe-degree.
- Ukushiswa kweBili-Degree
Oku kuthetha umonakalo oye wandisa nge-epidermis nakwi-dermis (uluhlu lwesibini lwesikhumba). Ukutshisa kweyesibili kuya kwaziwa njengobuncwane obukhulu. Ekuqaliseni ubunzima bokutshisa, ubukho bokutshisa kweyesibili kubonisa ukulahlekelwa kwesikhumba.
I-blisters yindlela yokuqala yokutshisa i-degree-degree. Njengoko i-epidermis isatshatyalaliswa, iqala ukuhlula kwi-dermis. I-Fluid yakha phantsi kwayo, ibangela i-blisters. Ekugqibeleni, i-blister iya kufakelwa komnye komnye ude i-epidermis yincinci kakhulu iwa, ibonakalisa i-dermis eluhlaza ngaphantsi.
Emva kokuba i-epidermis ihluke kwi-dermis eluhlaza, ixhoba liqala ukulahlekelwa ngumkhuhlane, ukufudumala kunye nokukwazi ukukhusela intsholongwane. Iiseliti ezinamaqabunga ezinqamlezo zesondlo zithetha ukuba ukutshisa i-second-degrees yiyona nto ibuhlungu kakhulu. - Ukutshisa kweThathu-Degree
Oku kubonisa ukutshisa kutshabalalise zombini i-epidermis kunye nedermis. Ixhoba linenkathazo efanayo kunye nokulahleka kwamanzi, ukulahleka kobushushu, kunye nokusuleleka okuza kunye nokutshiswa kweesibini. Ukutshatyalaliswa okupheleleyo kubangela ukufa kwentsholongwane, ngoko ixhoba lingenako ukuva nantoni kwindawo yokutshisa.
Ayikho indlela elula yokuchazela umahluko phakathi kobunzima obunzulu bokutshisa (2 degrees) kunye nokutshisa okupheleleyo (3 degrees degree) xa sijonge kwintsimi, ngoko asizami. Kunoko, konke ukutshisa okunzulu okwaneleyo ukuhlukanisa i-epidermis ukusuka kwi-dermis kubalwa xa kuqikelela ubunzima. Ngamanye amagama, sibala zonke ukutshisa ezimbi ngokwaneleyo ukwenza i-blister - okanye ngaphezulu - xa uhlola ukutshisa okukhulu.
Burn Surface Area
Ububanzi bokutshiswa kuboniswa njengepesenti yommandla womhlaba. Sibala kuphela ukutshisa okungenani ubuncinane besibini. Ukutshiswa kwezinga lokuqala akudingeki unyango olukhethekileyo kwaye aluqwalaselwa njengento ebalulekileyo. Ukutshisa okungenani ubuncinci besibini kunye nokugqithisa ngaphezu kweepesenti ezili-10 zommandla womzimba kubanzi kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ulandele iiprotokholi zakho zendawo. Ukuqaphela indawo epheleleyo yokushisa kwindawo, sebenzisa uMgaqo weNine .
Ukushisa Okubalulekileyo
Ininzi yokutshisa izimisele ukugxininisa ubunzulu nobubanzi bokutshiswa.
Nangona kunjalo, ukutshisa kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba kunokuqwalaselwa ngokubalulekayo kungakhathaliseki ubungakanani obukhulu bokutshisa ngokwalo.
Ukutshisa kule mimandla kuthathwa njengento ebalulekileyo, nangona ukuba yinto eyokuphela yatshiswayo:
- Ubuso
- Ukutshisa okujikeleza ngokupheleleyo izandla okanye iinyawo
- Izizukulwana
Ukushisa kusasa kufuneka kube sesibini-degree okanye kubi ngakumbi ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ukutshiswa kokuqala akuzange kubalwe.
Ukunyangwa kwamaBurnish Critical
Ukunyusa ukutshisa kuyafana nokuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani. Iingxaki zokutshisa okukhulu ziquka ukusuleleka, i- hypothermia , kunye nokudambisa amanzi . Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu umhlanguli obekayo angathatha ukutshisa okukhulu kukubiza 911 .
> Imithombo:
> Knowlin, L., Stanford, L., Moore, D., Cairns, B., & Charles, A. (2016). Umphumo olinganiselweyo Ubukhulu be-Co-Morbidities kwi-Burn injection Mortality. Ukutshisa: Umbhalo we-International Society for Burn Accidents , 42 (7), 1433-1438. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2016.03.007
> Thom D. Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezikhoyo zokubala ngokukhawuleza kobukhulu bokutshisa - Umbono ongaphambi kwesibhedlele. Burns . 2017 Feb; 43 (1): 127-136. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.burns.2016.07.003.