Iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo Wonke umntu kufuneka azi
I-Hypothermia yinto engxamisekileyo yonyango apho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ukushisa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ungayivelisa, obangela ukulahla okuyingozi kwindawo yokushisa yomzimba. Ngaphandle kwonyango olukhawulezayo nolusisigxina, intliziyo, imiphunga kunye nezinye izitho zingaqalisa ukuvala, ezikhokelela ekuphumeleleni komzimba nasekufeni. Injongo ephambili kukususa ixhoba ekubanda kwaye ukuvuselela umzimba wakhe ngokukhuselekileyo kude kubekho iinkonzo ezixakekayo. Unyango lwamayeza lungabandakanywa ukuvuselela, ukufudumala kwamanzi, ukuguqula igazi, kunye nokunkcenkcesha kwemiphunga kunye nesisu esisemanzini ashushu atyuwa.
Ukuyeka Ukulahlekelwa Komoya
I-Hypothermia iyenzeka xa ubusika bomzimba obuphambili-ukushisa kweempawu kunye negazi phakathi kwiphondo, kungekhona ukuhla kwamanqanaba angaphantsi kwama-95 degrees.
Oku kunokwenzeka ngeemeko ezininzi, njengokuba umntu ekhulile kwixesha elibandayo ixesha elide okanye awela emanzini amanzi. Abantu abamanzi baya kulahleka ukushisa komzimba ngokukhawuleza kunabo abomileyo. Ngokufanayo, izimo ezinomoya zingabetha ubushushu kude nomzimba ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zihlala kwiimeko.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isizathu okanye ukuqinisekiswa kwakho kwimeko ye-hypothermia, ukuba unomntu ofumana iimpawu kunye neempawu - izinga eliphantsi lentliziyo kunye nokuphefumula okungacacileyo ngakumbi-kufuneka usebenze ngokukhawuleza ngokuyeka ukulahleka komzimba.
Ukwenza oku:
- Hambisa umntu ngaphandle kwebanda , ngokubhekiselele kwindawo eyomileyo, efudumeleyo. Ukuba awukwazi ukungena ngaphakathi, khusela umntu ebusweni nangomoya, umgcine kwindawo egciniweyo ukuze igazi lijikeleze ngokukhululekile.
- Susa izambatho ezimanzi. Yinqumle ingubo xa ufuna ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza umntu onengubo zokulala okanye iingubo. Qiniseka ukuba ugubungela intloko yomntu, ushiye ubuso buveze.
- Faka umntu kumhlaba obandayo ukuba ungenako ukungena ngaphakathi. Sebenzisa iingubo, iibhegi zokulala, okanye nayiphi na ingubo onokuyenza.
- Ifowuni ye-911. Ukuba ukuphefumula komntu kuyekile okanye kukugqithise ngokungavumelekanga, okanye i-pulse ibuthathaka kakhulu, qalisa i-CPR ukuba uqeqeshiwe ukwenza njalo.
Ukuhlaziya
Emva kokuba unomntu okhuselekileyo ebushushu kwaye ususile nayiphi na impahla enxibileyo, uya kufuneka uthathe isenzo esifanele ukuvuselela umzimba ade uncedo lufike.
Ukwenza oko ngokukhuselekileyo:
- Yiba nomnene. Gwema ukuxubha umntu ngokugqithiseleyo. Omnye oye wabhekana nokukhutshwa kanzima uya kuba neqondo lentliziyo engavumelekanga. Ukuqhawula, ukuhamba, okanye ukuxubusha umntu ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela ukuboshwa kwentliziyo .
- Nika iziphuzo zokufudumala. Yenza oko kuphela xa umntu ephaphile kwaye akwazi ukugwinya. Ukubonelela iziphuzo ezifudumele, ezinomsoco, ezingekho i-caffeinated. Gwema utywala nangaluphi na uhlobo njengoko oku kuya kupholisa umzimba kuphela.
- Sebenzisa umbane ofudumeleyo, owomileyo , uncedo lokuqala lokufudumala ngokufudumalayo (ityhubhu yeplastiki ephosayo xa ityunyiwe), ithawula elifudumalayo, okanye ipetroli yokufudumala emzimbeni ifakwe phantsi.
- Gwema ukushisa okukhulu kwanaluphi na uhlobo. Oku kubandakanya ukufudumala komlilo, ukufudumala okukhulu okanye ukuhlamba kwamanzi ashushu. Ukugqithisa isikhumba kunokukhokelela kumonakalo wesisu okanye, ngakumbi nakakhulu, kubangela ukuba i- arrhythmia ebulalayo inokufa (iintliziyo ezingekho phantsi kweentliziyo).
- Gwema ukufudumala iingalo okanye imilenze njengoko kubangela ukuba intliziyo ebushushu ibuyele entliziyweni, emaphaphu, nangengqondo, iyancipha izinga lokushisa komzimba kwaye yandisa umngcipheko wokulahleka komzimba. Endaweni yoko, gxininisa ingqalelo kwisifuba, ubuhlungu kunye nentamo apho kukho imithambo emikhulu.
Ukungenelela kwezonyango
Ukuba kukho unyameko olongezelelweyo olufunekayo, isetyenziselwano ezahlukeneyo singasetyenziselwa ukuvuselela umzimba ngokusetyenzwa kwe-hypothermia:
Ukuhlaziywa kwangaphandle
Ukuhlaziya kwakhona kwangaphandle (PER) kusetyenziswa ukuphatha i-hypothermia elula. Kuquka nje ukubeka umntu kwindawo efanelekileyo ngokufudumeleyo, ehlanganiswe ngokukhuseleka, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiiyure.
Ukuvuselela okuKhuselekileyo
I-PER ayinakusetyenziswa xa ubushushu bomntu buncipha ngaphantsi kwama-86 degrees. Kule nqanaba ukuba ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kuya kumisa kwaye umzimba awuyi kusakwazi ukunyusa izinga lokushisa ngokwalo. Ngaloo nto, intliziyo iya kuhlala ingaqiniseki kwaye ukusetyenziswa kobushushu bangaphandle kuya kwandisa ingozi yecrhythmia.
Esikhundleni se-PER, i-core activation rewarming (ACR) iya kusetyenziswa ukuphakamisa ubushushu bomzimba obalulekileyo ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nangaphezulu. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokukwenza:
- Ukutya umoya ofudumeleyo, odibeneyo kumphunga kunye nomsiksi we-oksijini okanye ityhubhu yokuphefumula
- Ukulawula amanzi amanzi afudumele ngamanzi (ngaphakathi kwintlambo)
- Ukunkcenkceshela isisu (ipakitorial cavity) okanye indawo ejikeleze imiphunga (pleura) ngamanzi atyuwa afudumeleyo yonke imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwe-30
- Ukulawula umlambo ofudumeleyo kwi-vestile kunye nencatheta yeFoley
- Ukuhlaziya igazi ngeomatshini we-hemodialysis okanye intliziyo eyenza umshini ogqithiseleyo
- Ukusebenzisa i-diathermy, ubuchule apho imisebe ye-microwave engaphantsi-ncinane ikwazi ukuhambisa ubushushu kwiishukela ezinzulu
Ukulandelwa Kwonyango
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu ophethe i-hypothermia ukhishwa ekhaya emva kokuba unyango lufezekile ukuba ubunzima bomzimba wakhe bungaphezulu kwama-89.9 degrees ngexesha lokuxilongwa .
Ukuba izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingaphantsi kweli, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunye nokubeka iliso kungaphantsi kwamahora angama-24, kude kube yimisebenzi ebalulekileyo ijuliswe, iyadingeka.
> Umthombo:
> Jarosz, A .; Darocha, T .; Kosinsky, S. et al. I-Hypothermia eNgqalileyo eNgqalileyo: Indlela yokuSebenza ngokuQaphela nokuSebenza ngokuSebenzayo. ASAIO J. 2017; 63 (3): e23-e30. INGXELO: 10.1097 / MAT.0000000000000422.