Ixesha elide loxinzelelo lwegazi, olubizwa ngokuba yi-hypertension, liyaziwayo ingozi yecrokeksi ye- ischemic , ezithintekayo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwegazi kwiinkcukacha.
Umxinzelelo ophezulu kakhulu wegazi, nangona ixesha elifutshane, kunokubangela izibetho eziphazamisayo , eziphazamisayo ezibangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo.
Izibetho ezinemizila
Uninzi lwezibetho zenzeke ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwegazi kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho, kodwa malunga ne-15% yezibetho zenzeka ngenxa yokuphuma kwintsholongwane.
Kuzo zonke izimbangela ze-stroke ephazamisayo, uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu kakhulu, lubalo malunga nama-80% kuwo onke amacala.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu njengendlela yokubeka ingozi kwi-Stroke
Umxinzelelo ophezulu wegazi unokwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wesifo esibuhlungu. Olu mngcipheko lubhekiselele nakwabantu asebekhulile, kubantu abatshitshiyo, kumadoda, kwizifo zesifo sikashukela, nakubantu abasela utywala .
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokubangela ukuba i- intrarebral hemorrhage (ICH), ephaphaza ngaphakathi kwekhanga, ngokulimaza iindonga ezinobunzima beetriyiti ezincinci ngaphakathi kwiindawo ezinzulu kwengqondo. Le yile mingcipheko echaphazelekayo eyenziwa yimivimbo ye-lacunar , eyinto eqhelekileyo kwimida emhlophe . Iindawo eziqhelekileyo ezonakaliswe yi-ICH yi- brainstem , i- capsule yangaphakathi kunye ne- cerebellum .
Kwamanye amaxesha ukuphuma kwegazi kubangelwa ngumxinzelelo ophezulu wegazi kunokukhulula ngokwaneleyo ukuba igazi lichithelwa kwii-ventricles zeengqondo ezibangela ukubola kwegazi , imeko engabangela ukongela ubomi i- hydrocephalus .
Ziziphi Iimpawu?
Iimpawu ze-ICH ezibangelwa ukunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nobukhulu begazi, kwaye kaninzi zifana neempawu zesifo.
Izibonakaliso zesifo esibuhlungu ziquka:
- Ubuthathaka buso kunye / okanye ingalo, kunye / okanye umlenze kwelinye icala lomzimba
- Ubungqina ebusweni, kunye / okanye ingalo, kunye / okanye umlenze kwelinye icala lomzimba
- Ukungakwazi ukuthetha ulwimi oluthethiweyo okanye ukungakwazi ukuthetha
- Ukungakwazi okanye ukubhala ubunzima okanye ukufunda
- I-Vertigo kunye / okanye ukungalingani kwamanani kunye okanye ngaphandle kwesicathuko okanye ukuhlanza
- Inwele entloko okanye umbono obini
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-stroke ephazamisayo isoloko ihambelana nentlungu enkulu nentloko kunye nesisu, kodwa kwezinye iziganeko, isifo esibi sisenokungabangela ukuba le mpawu ingabangela intlungu yesisu okanye intlungu.
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuphuma kwegazi okubangelwa yinyxwaleko yegazi kukhulu kangangokuba kukhokelela ekunyuseni ngokukhawuleza kokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo, okubangela ukuba kube nemiphumo embi kakhulu, njengokungaphenduli, ukungakwazi ukuhamba, okanye i-coma.
I-Stroke yeHemorrhagic Diagnosed?
Uvavanyo lokujonga ukujonga ukuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo yindlela echanekileyo yokufumanisa isifo esibuhlungu.
Uvavanyo lokuqala olwenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo luyiNtloko ye- CT , eyindlela ekhawulezayo neyithembekileyo yokulawula ukuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo. Xa kuphuma igazi, kodwa umthombo wokuphuma kwegazi awucaci, ezinye iimvavanyo ezinjenge- cerebral angiogram okanye i-MRI yengqondo ngokwahlukileyo kuya kufuneka. Ezi mvavanyo zinceda ukuxilonga ezinye izimbangela zokuphuma kwegazi njenge- AVM , iineurysms , i- angiopathy ye-amyloid , okanye i- tumor tumors .
Iyintoni Inyango Ye-Stroke eHemorrhagic?
Ukunyanga kokuphuma kwintsholongwane ebuchosheni obangelwa ngumxhesho ophezulu wegazi kuqala ngokuzinza nokuxilongwa.
Oku kungenxa yokuba ukwandiswa kwegazi kwindawo yengqondo kunokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezinzima.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi lulawulwa ukwenzela ukuthintela ukuphuma kwamanzi. Ezinye iindlela zokungenelela ezinokuthi zixhomekeke kwizinto ezinjengobungakanani bokuphuma kwegazi, ubunzima beempawu kunye nokuba ngaba ungenelelo olucatshangelwayo kulindeleke ukuba lwenze umehluko kwisiphumo sonke. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuphuma kwamanzi kufuneka kukhutshwe ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yokuba kunokuvelisa uxinzelelo kwingqondo. Kwezinye iimeko, iingozi zokuhlinzwa zigqithise ngokugqithiseleyo izibonelelo ezinokwenzeka, oogqirha kunye neentsapho ezikhokelayo ukuyeka unyango olongezelelweyo.
Kwaye kwimeko enzima, ukuphuma kwamanzi kubangele umonakalo omkhulu kwingqondo yokuba ukungenelela kokungasebenzi kuyinto engenamsebenzi, kwaye ukufa kwengqondo kunokubangelwa okanye ngaphandle kokungenelela.
ILizwi
Umxinzelelo ophezulu wegazi unokunyusa ukwanda komngcipheko we-stroke. Yingakho kubalulekile ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi olulandela izikhokelo ezicetywayo .
Noko ke, uxinzelelo lwegazi lukhulu kakhulu, lunokubangela ukubetha okukhulu. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zengcinezelo yegazi ephezulu ziquka ukuxinzeleleka kwegazi, ukugula okubi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Ukunyamekela impilo yakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni inqanaba lakho lemali engenayo, inokuhamba ixesha elide ekuthintela ukongxamiseka kwezonyango ezinzulu ezifana nesifo esibuhlungu.
> Imithombo:
> Ulwalamano loxinzelelo lwe-Hypertension kunye ne-Systolic Blood Pressure ejongene ne-Stroke okanye ukuhlambalaza kwizigulane ezine-Fibrillation ye-Atrial: I-Fushimi AF Registry, I-shii M, i-Ogawa H, i-Unoki T, i-Y, i-Iguchi M, i-Masunaga N, i-Esato M, i-Chun YH , Tsuji H, Wada H, Hasegawa K, Abe M, Akao M, Am J Hypertens. 2017 Meyi 30.