Uphando lubonisa ukuba kutheni i-Vaccines ayiphumeli ekukhuseleni ukugula
Kwiminyaka emininzi, kwakukholelwa ukuba i- HIV yaqhubela phambili kwi-AIDS ngendlela echanekileyo: isasazeka emzimbeni njengegciwane lesistim, i- CD4 + T-cell kunye ne-hijack of their genetic usetyenziso lwamashishini ukwenzela ukudala iikopi ezininzi ngokwawo. Ngokwenza njalo, i-HIV iyakwazi ukusabalalisa yonke inkqubo, ukunyuka kwamanani kuze kufike i-T-cells ezaneleyo ukuphazamisa ngokupheleleyo ukukhuselwa komzimba womntu (ingcaciso yeklinikhi ye- AIDS ).
Uphando olusakhulayo lubonisa ukuba mhlawumbi akunjalo, okanye ubuncinane kungeyona ndlela yesifo esiye sazicingela. Enyanisweni, ukususela ekupheleni kwangoko-1990, izazinzulu zaqala ukuqaphela ukuba i-HIV ingasasazeka ngokuthe ngqo kwiseli yeseli ngaphandle kokudala nentsholongwane ye-virus.
Imodi yesibini yokuhambisa, ngokucwaninga kwiSan Francisco-based Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology , iphakathi kwama-100 no-1 amaxesha asebenzayo ngakumbi ekukhutsheni ii-CD4 iiseli ngaphezu kwe-virus-circulating virus kwaye inokunceda ekuchazeni, ngenxalenye, kutheni i-vaccine imodeli ayinakukwazi ukukhusela ngokwaneleyo okanye ukuphucula i-HIV.
Ngokuzithumela iseli kwiseli, i-HIV inokubangela ukuba i-cell reaction response (cell chain) isabela ngayo apho iiselula ze-immune zizibulala ngokukhululeka. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ubuninzi be-95 percnt yokufa kwe-CD4 yesifo kubangelwa ngale ndlela, ngokuchasene ne-5% kuphela ngegciwane lesahla.
Ukuchaza ukuhanjiswa kweSeli-to-Cell
Ukutshintshela i-cell-to-cell ye-HIV kwenzeka ngo-kuthiwa "i-synapses ye-virological", apho iseli elithelelekileyo linamathele kwisitoreli "sokuphumla" esetyenzisiweyo kwaye iqeshe iiprotheni zentsholongwane. (Inkqubo yabanjwa kwividiyo ngo-2012 ngabaososayensi kwi-UC Davis kunye neNtaba yaseSinayi yeSizwe.
Emva kokungena, ummkeli uphendule kwiingcezu zeDNA yentsholongwane, okubangela inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi pyroptosis apho iseli iyakwazi ukubonakalisa izingozi kwaye iqhuma ngokukhawuleza, ibulale. Xa oko kwenzeka, i-cell stroke ikhupha iiprotheni ezivuthayo ezibizwa ngokuthi i- cytokines ezibonisa ezinye iiseli ze-immune ekuhlaselweni-iiseli ezijoliswe ngqo kwi-HIV.
Abaphandi be-Gladstone babenakho ukubonisa ukuba ngokuthintela umnxeba-to-cell contact-ngokusebenzisa i-inhibitors yamachiza, i-synaptic blockers, okanye ukuhlukana ngokwasemzimbeni kweseli-CD4 yeselfayili yavalwa kakuhle. Baphetha ukuba ukudibanisa iseli-to-cell "kwakunyanzelekile" ukwenzela ukuba ukufa kweseli (kunye nokuqhubela kwesifo) kwenzeke.
Impembelelo yoPhando
Yintoni eyenza ezi ziphumo zibaluleke kakhulu kukuba azichazi kuphela iindlela zokuchithwa kweeseli ze-CD4, zibonela ubuthakathaka obuthathaka kwi-design current vaccine.
Ngokubanzi, imodeli yokugonya igciwane lesandulela-ngculazi sele ijolise ekunciphiseni isistim somzimba sokuzivikela nokuhlaselwa iiprotheni zomhlaba kwi-virus-circulating virus. Nangona i-HIV idluliselwa kwiseli yeseli, kunjalo, ingabonakali ukuba ihlaselwe, ikhuselwe ekufunyaneni ngaphakathi kwakha yelesi lesifo.
Ukuze unqobe oku, imodeli emitsha iya kufuna ukukhusela i-proteins ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-synaptic kunye / okanye ukwenza i-anti-antial agents ezinokuthi zivimbele inkqubo ye-synaptic. Ukuba le nto ingafezekiswa, ikhono le-HIV liqhubela phambili kwi-AIDS lingaba lukhulu kakhulu, okanye luye lwayeka.
Ngelixa iinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kweeseli-to-cell aziqondanga ngokupheleleyo, iziphumo zibonakalisa utshintsho olunzulu ekuqondeni kwethu indlela i-HIV iqhubela ngayo kwi-AIDS kwaye isinika iincwadana malunga nezindlela ezifanelekileyo zokupheliswa kwe-HIV.
> Imithombo:
Carr, J; Hocking, H .; Li, P .; okqhubekayo. "Ukukhawuleza nokusebenza ngokusasazwa kweSeli-to-Cell ye-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection esuka kwi-Monocyte-I-Macrophages echithwe kwiiLymphocytes zegazi. Virology. Disemba 20, 1999; 265 (2): 319-329.
Doitsh, G; Galloway, N; kunye no-Geng, X. "Ukufa kweSeli yiPyroptosis Ii-CD4 T-Cell ukususwa kwi-HIV-1 Infection." Pediatrics. Novemba 1, 2014; 134 (3): 509-514.
Galloway, N; Doitsh, G; Monroe, K .; okqhubekayo. "Ukuhanjiswa kwee-Cell-to-Cell ye-HIV-1 kuyadingeka ukuba iqhube i-Pyroptotic Ukufa kwee-Lymphoid-Tissue-I-CD4 T cells." IiNgxelo zeSeli. Agasti 4, 2015; papashwe kwi-Intanethi; INDLELA: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.011.
IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia Davis Centre ye-Biophotonics Science and Technology. "Okokuqala-Ngaba iVidiyo yeNkcazo ichaza indlela iHIV isasazeka ngayo phakathi kwama-cell cell." Sacramento, California; Inkcazo yoLondolozo olususwe ngoMatshi 27, 2009.