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Kukho imeko ezininzi ezingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Kukho iindidi ezi-3 zokulahlekelwa kweendlebe ezingabangela iingxaki zakho ngokuvalelwa ziquka:
- Ukulahlekelwa kweentlawulo zokuvalelwa kwenzeka xa amaza omsindo engakwazi ukufikelela endlebeni yangaphakathi ngenxa yokucinywa kolunye uhlobo, njengokwakhiwa kwamanzi okanye i-earwax buildup. Olu hlobo lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe lunokuphathwa rhoqo.
- Ukulahleka kweendlebe ezivelayo kwenzeka xa kukho umonakalo kwisakhiwo sezindlebe zangaphakathi okanye iimbilini ezithumela ulwazi kwiindlebe ukuya kwingqondo. Ngelishwa, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe yokuvavanya isisigxina.
- Ukulahleka kweendlebe ezixubileyo kwenzeka xa unemiba ehambelana nokulahleka kokuva.
Ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe ezihlobene nobudala kunye nokulahlekelwa kweendlebe ezivakalayo ziqhelekile eUnited States. Nantsi ingcaciso engakumbi malunga nale miqathango, kunye nezinye izizathu zokulahlekelwa kweendlebe.
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- I-flu in the ear ingenzeka okanye ngaphandle kokusuleleka kwindlebe. Kuqhelekileyo kubantwana kwaye kunokuba kunzima ukuxilonga kuba oko kungabangeli naziphi na iimpawu. Omnye onomkhuhlane entle unokuziva ngathi iindlebe zixhunyiwe. Ukuphulaphula ngeendlebe kwiindlebe zakho kufana nokuzama ukuva ngentloko yakho phantsi kwamanzi. Olu hlobo lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe luya kuguqulwa kwaye luvame ukuphathwa ngokufakelwa kwee- tubes ze- ear , ezivula i-tube yokuphicotha nokuvumela ukuba amanzi aphephe.
- Ukukhulelwa kweendlebe , ingakumbi xa kuhamba kunye ne-fluid endlebeni, kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Oku kudla ngoxeshanye. Nangona kunjalo, ukusuleleka kwezifo rhoqo kunokukhokelela ekuphuhliseni izicubu ezibomvu, ngezinye izihlandlo ezibangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe enokuthi ingenakuguqulwa.
- I-Barotrauma ibangelwa xa kukho utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwingcinezelo enzulu (uxinzelelo kwimo engqongileyo), njengaxa usuka kwi-moya okanye uya kwi-scuba diving. Ukuba ukhuphuka okanye wehla ngokukhawuleza, umoya ophakathi kwendlebe yakho ephakathi ayiyi kukwazi ukulungelelanisa ukuxinzelelo olubi kunye ne-eardrum yakho ingaqhekeka.
- Ukucinywa kwe-ear ye-Ear kunokunciphisa izinga lakho lokuphulaphula ngokukhupha umnqweno wendlebe. Ukususa i-earwax kuza kubuyisa ukuva kwakho kwinto evamile. I-Earwax kufuneka isuswe ngugqirha kwaye ungalokothi ube ne-cotton swab - awufuni ukususa i-wax ngaphezu kwendlebe kwaye ngokwenene yenza ukukhutshwa kukubi.
Ukuphulaphulwa kokuLawula
- Ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe yokulalelwa komsindo kuhambelana nomonakalo kwindlebe yangaphakathi ngenxa yomonakalo ngomsindo omkhulu. Oku kungenziwa inkqubo encinci ebangelwa ukugqithiswa ixesha elide kwingxolo enkulu (ngokuqhelekileyo ama-decibel angama-80 okanye ngaphezulu), okanye inokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza xa imisindo ephakamileyo, njengombhobho, iphule i-eardrum yakho . Ukuba ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kuziswa ngokuthe ngcembe, ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukulahlekelwa kwintetho ngokukhawuleza kwi-eardrum ephuliweyo kuya kuphantse ihambe xa i-eardrum iphelile.
- Ukuguga (presbycusis) kwenzeka xa ukhula kwaye uyinto eqhelekileyo. Isixa esilahlekileyo-kunye nendlela ebomini olahlekelwa ngayo-kubonakala ukuba ilifa. Usenokumangaliswa kukuba kwininzi yethu, ukuva kwethu kuqala ukuncipha emva kweminyaka engama-20. Kuyinto engavamile ukuhamba ngokungeyiyo yonke into yokulahlekelwa kwindlebe, nangona ukuhla kweendlebe zakho kuphelile. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba kukho unyango olufumanekayo olunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi.
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo zingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, kubandakanywa imasisi, i- mumps , i-meningitis kunye nomkhuhlane omnyama . Abafazi abakhulelweyo abanesifo ezifana ne-rubella okanye i-herpes bangadlulisela umntwana wabo ongakazalwa baze babele abantwana abanokukhubazeka okanye abazizithulu.
- Ukulimala , ngokukodwa ukulimala kwentloko, kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Oku kunokwenzeka okanye kungenakho unyango, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko.
- Amachiza , kuquka i-antibiotics, anokudala ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe. La machiza abizwa ngokuthi "ototoxic." Ukuba uqalise iyeza elitsha kwaye ngokukhawuleza ufumana utshintsho kwintetho, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Ukulahleka kokuvalelwa okubangelwa yimithi ye-ototoxic kunokuba yesikhashana okanye isigxina. Kwakhona, ukuba unayo indlebe ye-tubes okanye i-eardrum ephukile, kwaye ufaka indlebe (njengamaconsi asetshenziselwa ukutshabalalisa i-earwax) okanye izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuthintela indlebe yokuguqula (njengamaviniga, utywala okanye i-oil oil), ungalimaza indlebe yakho yangaphakathi .
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantwana abathintekayo - ukuLawula okanye ukuLawula ukuLawula
Ukulahlekelwa kwintlanganiso yokuvalelwa kwintsholongwane kubanjwe xa uzalwa sonke okanye isisithulu. Kukho imimandla yemimiselo (ngaphezulu kwama-400) engabangela ukuba-umzekelo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uzalwe ngaphandle kwayo yonke into okanye amanye amathambo amathathu entle yakho indlebe efunekayo ukuva. Ukulahleka kweentlanganiso zokuvalelwa kwintsholongwane kubandakanyeka kunye ne-syndromes ethile, kuquka i-Down syndrome, isher syndrome, i-collins syndrome, kunye ne-microtia. Ingaba yintsholongwane yemvelo kunye nayo ingabangela ukuba umntwana azalwe kusenesikhathi (ngaphambi kokuba izakhiwo zisezindlebe ziphuhlise ngokupheleleyo). Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kubandakanywa ne-toxemia kunye nezifo ezithile, kunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kweentlungu zokuzalwa.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, ukulahlekelwa kwintlanganiso yokuvalelwa kwintsholongwane yokuzalwa kungenakho isigxina. Ngelixa ezininzi iziphoso zokuzalwa ezenza ukuba lolu hlobo lwesithulu lukwazi ukuguqulwa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo, iziplantshi ze-cochlear zenza ukuba abantwana abaninzi banokulahlekelwa yintlungu yokuzalwa beva ukuva kwakhona.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba iintsana zinokuzalwa zihlaziye ezindlebeni zazo. Oku akwenzeki ukuba ilahleko lokuvalelwa kwentlungu. Ukuba umntwana wakho uyaphula isicatshulwa sokuqala sokuvava ngenxa yokuba banamanzi ezindlebeni zabo, ukuva kwabo kuya kubuya kwinto evamile emva kokuba umbane uhambe.
Ezinye izizathu zokulahlekelwa kwindlebe ziquka:
- isifo se meniere
- otosclerosis
- izifo ezithile
- neuroma acoustic
Imithombo:
I-American Speech Language Hearing Association. Izizathu Zokuva Ukulahlekelwa Kudala. http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/disorders/causes_adults.htm
MedlinePlus. Ukulahleka kokuva. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003044.htm
ZeMpilo zeMpilo eNIH. Ukuphulahleka kwezinto: Izizathu kunye nokukhusela. http://nihseniorhealth.gov/hearingloss/causesriskfactorsprevention/01.html