Iimpawu, izizathu, ukuxilongwa, kunye nokukhusela
I-Hypothermia (ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi) ibhekisela kwimeko yesibini yonyango kunye nesifo se-cold exposure. Kwenzeka xa umzimba uwela ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa kwaye awukwazi ukufudumala. Ukushisa komzimba okuqhelekileyo kuqwalaselwa ngama-degrees 98.6. I-Hypothermia ithathwa njengento engaphantsi kwama-95 degrees. Ukhohlo olungaphendulwanga, i-hypothermia ingaba yingozi yonyango.
Inkqubo ye-integumentary (isikhumba) inceda ukulawula ukushisa komzimba ngokulawula ukulahleka kobushushu.
Umzimba uvelisa ukushisa ngokusebenzisa i-cell metabolism, yindlela ekhethekileyo yokuthetha ukuba ubomi-ubuncinci kumntu-kusenza sifudumale. Ngethuba nje imizimba yethu inokuvelisa ubuncinane bushushu njengoko silahlekelwayo, sigcina ubushushu bethu obukhulu. Ukuba silahlekelwa ngaphezu koko sikwenzayo, sineengxaki ze-hypothermia.
Iintlobo ze-Hypothermia
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ze-hypothermia yengozi:
- Ukutyhila ngokukhawuleza kubanda, njengokucwiliswa kwamanzi abandayo okanye ukubanjwa ekhephu. Oku kubi ngaphezu kokuphela kwimozulu ebanda.
- Ukukhathala okanye ukungabikho kwamanyathelo omzimba ongavelisi ukushisa okwaneleyo, kuquka ukuxiliswa kotywala okanye ukungondleki.
- Ukunyanzeliswa okusisigxina kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi okanye elilinganayo ngaphandle kokuphuka. Ukuxoxa ngokude kakhulu ngaphandle ngaphandle kwengubo epholile ekwindla kusihlwa kwanele ukuhlakulela i-hypothermia emnene, nangona iphathwa ngokulula.
I-Hypothermia yinto eqhelekileyo ngexesha lotyando, olubangelwa ukudibanisa kwendawo ebandayo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwesikhumba (ekubeni ngengcaciso yesikhumba iye yavalwa) ukuvumela ukufudumala kusinde ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kuqhelekileyo.
I-hypothermia ye-Perioperative ibhalwe kakuhle kwaye oogqirha bafuna iindlela zokukhusela ngelixa beqhubeka nokubonelela indawo enempilo kwaye ikhululekile kwiqela eligqirha.
Imbali
Abantu baye bazi ngeeminyaka ezigidi kangangokuba ukugqithisa kubanda kubangelwa ukufa kwaye ukukhathala okanye ukudinwa kwenza kube kubi nakakhulu.
Ukuchaza ngokwenene nokuqonda i-hypothermia, i-thermometer encinci yokwanela isetyenziswe rhoqo kubantu. Kwaqulunqwa ngowe-1866 kwaye ayifumanekanga ngokubanzi kusetyenziso lwezokwelapha de kube yiminyaka emininzi. Kwathatha ixesha elide emva kokuba i-thermometer ibe khona ukuze ifumane ingcamango yokufudumala komzimba.
Uninzi lwabantu lwafuneka luthathe ukushisa kwabo kwaye lubhaliswe ukuze lufumanise into eqhelekileyo. Kwaye, onke amaqondo okushisa kwakufuneka athathwe ngendlela efanayo-imimiselo engazange ibe khona iminyaka emininzi. Uphando lokuqala lokushisa komntu lwapapashwa ngowe-1868 kwaye luquka ingxoxo yamaqondo okushisa kumaziko angaphezu kwama-25,000 ngezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwamaqondo okushisa athathwe phantsi kwengalo (imidaxillary), indlela echanekileyo.
Nangona kwiminyaka yokuqala yokusebenzisa ukushisa njengesixhobo sokuxilonga, oogqirha babesazi ukuba izigulane azikwazi ukujongana namaqondo aphantsi, kodwa loo mqathango yayingenalo igama elifanelekileyo. Igama elithi "hypothermia" alizange lishicilelwe kuze kube ngu-1880 kwaye lisetyenziselwa ukuthetha izinto ezahlukeneyo, ekubeni nezandla ezibandayo ukuba "zingabi nenyameko" kubanda. Akuchazwa ngokucacileyo njengoko oogqirha beyazi namhlanje ukuya kwikhulu lama-20.
Kwaziwa ngokucacileyo ukuba i-hypothermia (nangona ingenalo igama langempela) inokubangelwa kukungabonakali kubanda, kwaye inxaxheba ekudakwa kotywala kotywala kwathathwa ngokukhawuleza.
Iingcamango zokuthi i-hypothermia yenzeke ngexesha lotyando lugqitywa ngoku.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-hypothermia zixhomekeke kubukhulu bemo . Ekuqaleni, kukho kuphela ukuphazamiseka kunye nesimo esingaqhelekanga. Isigulane sinokuba neminwe yokuphosa. Njengoko iqhubela phambili, i-hypothermia ibangele inkathazo ekhulayo ngezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, ukukhathala, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo kunye nokufa.
Izizathu
I-Hypothermia ibangelwa kukulahlekelwa ukushisa okukhulu kunokuba umzimba ungakwazi ukuvelisa. Isizathu esivamekileyo sokushushumbisa i- hypothermia kubonakala kwimeko ebandayo. Ezinye izizathu okanye umngcipheko kubandakanya ukuxhatshazwa okanye amanxeba okugonywa, ukukhathala kunye nokuxiliswa kotywala.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukufumana ukuxilongwa kwe-hypothermia kudinga ukuthatha ubushushu obuchanekileyo obuphantsi komda othile. Ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa okwangoku kwaye iimpawu neempawu zesigulane sinquma ukuba i-hypothermia ithathwa njengobumnene, i-moderation okanye inzima.
Thintelo
Ukukhusela i-hypothermia kudinga ukugcina ubushushu obugqithiseleyo kunokuba isigulane silahleke ngesikhumba. Ukwelapha i-hypothermia isebenzisa iinjongo ezifanayo ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-hypothermia, kodwa ziphumela ekutshiseni ukutshintshela emzimbeni kunokuyeka ukulahlekelwa ngubushushu.
ILizwi
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuthintela okanye unyango lwe-hypothermia lwenziwa kuphela nje xa isigulane sibonwa kwindawo ebandayo kwaye isiguli sisuswe kwindawo ebandayo ebomini (ingena ngaphakathi ebusweni obushushu) okanye izithintelo zithathwa ukushisa emzimbeni (iingubo, iiglavu, iebhatyi, kunye nekende yecocoa eshushu).
I-hypothermia epholileyo ayiyona nto enkulu ngaphandle kokuba ingaziwa, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungayithinteli i-hypotherme. Ukukhupha kulungile. Kuthetha ukuba i-hypothermia isesigaba esichukumisayo kwaye iyakwazi ukuguqulwa lula. Xa ukuphazamisa ukuyeka, kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo imeko leyo kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okugcina konke ukufudumala kwesigulane kwaye usuqala inkqubo yokuvuselela.
Ubunzima kunye obomileyo bubungcono kunokuba kubanda kwaye kumanzi. Ukuba isiguli sigxininisekile, ulahlekelwa ukushisa kwamaxesha angama-25 ngokukhawuleza kunokuba uyomile. Gweba iingubo ezimanzi. Kungathi kubonakale ku-counter-intuitive ukususa iimpahla kwisigulane esibanda kakhulu, kodwa ukuzithoba ngaphandle kweempahla ezimanzi kwaye zifakwe kwizinto ezinomileyo zingasindisa ubomi bomguli.
> Imithombo:
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> Brandt, S., Mühlsteff, J., & Imhoff, M. (2012). Ukuxilongwa, ukuthintela kunye nokonyango lwe-hypotherme. Biomedizinische Technik / Ubunjineli bezoBomi , 57 (5). i-doi: 10.1515 / bmt-2012-0016
> Guly, H. (2011). Imbali ye-hypothermia yengozi. Ukuvuselelwa , 82 (1), 122-125. I-doi: 10.1016 / j.Ukuhlaziywa.2010.09.465
> Parker, J., Wall, B., Miller, R., & Littmann, L. (2010). Hypothermia extreme. I-Cardiology Clinic , 33 (12), E87-E88. i-doi: 10.1002 / clc.20380
> Waibel, B. (2012). I-Hypothermia kwizigulane ezixinzelelekileyo: ukuqikelela ukukhupha okukhulu. Unonophelo olubalulekileyo , 16 (5), 155. yintoni: 10.1186 / cc11473