I-Dysarthria yintlupheko yenkulumo ebangelwa ziziingxaki ezilawula izihlunu ezibandakanyekayo kwimveliso yentetho. I-Anarthria yindlela ebunzima kakhulu yedysarthria, okubangelwa ukungakwazi ukuvelisa intetho ecacileyo, ecacileyo.
Izizathu zeDysarthria
I-Dysarthria kunye nesimo esibi kakhulu, i-anarthria, ibangelwa ngumonakalo wengqondo. Zingabangelwa zizimo ezikhoyo ekuzalweni, ezifana ne-cerebral palsy okanye i-dystrophy ye-muscular.
Xa i-dysarthria ivela ekuzalweni, oku kuthetha ukuba umntu akazange akhulise amandla okuvelisa intetho eqondakalayo. I-Dysarthria kunye ne-anarthria nayo ingenzeka ngenxa yeemeko zengqondo ezinjenge-multiple sclerosis kunye ne-stroke, okubangela ukuncipha kobunzima bokuthetha emva kokuba umntu sele sele ekwazi ukuthetha ngokucacileyo.
Le miqathango ilandelayo ingabangela i-dysarthria okanye i-anarthria:
- Stroke
- Ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu
- Isisu sobumba
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), okanye isifo sikaLou Gehrig
- Isifo sikaHuntington
- Isifo sokugubhuka
- Myasthenia gravis
- Ukukhubazeka kweBell
- Isifo sikaWilson
- I-Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Isifo seLyme
- Amachiza- Amanye amayeza, ezinjengeengqungquthela okanye ezinomdla, nazo zingabangela i-dysarthria. Ngokuqhelekileyo, olu hlobo lwe-dysarthria luyicombulula emva kokuba iyeza livale.
Iimpawu zeDysarthria
Ukuba une-dysarthria, mhlawumbi unokuba nenkulumo ebonakalayo enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:
- Iqondo lokunciphisa intetho
- Ukwenza umgangatho kumgangatho onzima ukuwuqonda
- Ukunyakaza okuthe ngqo kwilwimi, umlomo kunye nomhlathi
- Umlomo ongaqhelekanga
- Isiqhelo esingavumelekanga sokuthetha
- Ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuphefumula ukuthetha
- Intetho okanye isandi esikhoyo
- Ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza
Iintlobo zeDysarthria
Zonke iintlobo ze-dysarthria zibonakaliswa ngokutshatyalaliswa kwentetho.
Ukuba une-dysarthria, xa uzama ukuthetha, ungabona ukuba izandi zakho izandi ziphikisiwe.
I-Dysarthria inokuba ngumnene, imodareyitha okanye inzima. Iqondo le-dysarthria lixhomekeke kwinqanaba lomonakalo kwinkqubo ye-neurological system.
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo uchatshazelwa yi-dysarthria, unokwazi ukubona enye okanye ngaphezulu kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zentetho ezibonakalisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-dysarthria. Ezi patheni ziquka:
- I-spastic dysarthria- Njengoko igama libonisa, le ndlela yokuthetha ibonakala ngokugqabhuka kwezandi njengoko uzama ukuthetha. Olu hlobo ludysarthri lubangelwa ngumonakalo kwipatramidal tractal, yindlela ephosakeleyo engqondweni ekulawuleni umsebenzi wemoto ebusweni nasemzimbeni.
- I-Hyperkinetic dysarthria - Le ndlela yenkqubo ephosakeleyo yintetho ebangelwa zizilonda ze-basal ganglia, engummandla kwi-brainstem.
- I-Hypokinetic dysarthria - Le yindlela yokuthetha ngokukhawuleza enxulumene nesifo sika-Parkinson.
- I-ataxic dysarthria - Lo ngumzekelo ongenakunqakrazo wokuthetha owenzelwa umonakalo kwi- cerebellum , elawula ukulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa.
- I-dysarthria ye-Flaccid - Le 'ifomu yokuthetha engenamandla' ebangelwa umonakalo kwiimbilini ze-cranial, eziyizondlo ezilawula ngokuthe ngqo imisipha yomlomo neyomqala.
- I-dysarthria exubileyo - Oku kunzima ukuchaza iphethini yokuthetha ebangela umonakalo kwimimandla emininzi yenkqubo ye-nervous, efana ne-upper or low motor neurons.
Ukuxilongwa kweDysarthria
I-Dysarthria kunye nesimo sayo esinzima, i-anarthria, ifunyaniswa ngunyango lwezobugcisa. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuphulaphula ngenyameko intetho yakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango, kwaye kufuneka ulindele ukuhlolwa okusemgangathweni.
Enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo mvavanyo zonyango zingadinga ukuba zenziwe ukuze zichane isizathu sesifo sakho se-dysarthria.
- MRI
- CT scan
- Izifundo zobungqina kunye nesibindi
- Uvavanyo lwegazi
- Uvavanyo lweeUni
- Lumbar
- I-Brain biopsy
Unyango lweDysarthria
Ulwimi lwenzululwazi yolwimi lunokuthi luchonge iikholeji ezintle emva kokuvavanywa kwakho. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa zingasetyenziswa ngexesha lotyando.
Ukuba iimisipha zakho zibuthakathaka okanye zizinzileyo, unokufuna iimvavanyo ezihambelana neengxaki ezithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango luquka ukubandakanya iindlela zokuziphucula, iziqhelo zelwimi kunye nemandibula, kuquka i-isometric, kunye nokuvuselelwa kwefowuni.
Umehluko phakathi kweAphasia kunye neDysarthria
I-Anarthria kunye ne-dysarthria ayibangelwa ziingxaki ngokuqonda ulwimi okanye ngeengxaki zokucinga okanye ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo. I-Aphasia , ngokuchaseneyo, yinkinga yentetho ebangelwa yinkathazo yokuvelisa kunye / okanye ukuqonda intetho ngenxa yeengxaki enye okanye ezininzi kwiingqondo ezijongene nolwimi.
Abantu abafumana i-anarthria banako ukuqonda amagama, kodwa abakwazi ukuvelisa intetho eqondakalayo. I-Dysarthria, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-dysarthosis, yintlupheko yokuthetha ngentetho echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imisipha esetyenziswa kwimveliso yokuthetha. I-Anarthria ingenxa yokulahlekelwa ngakumbi kwe-muscular control of muscle. Iimisipha ezibandakanyekayo kwintetho ziquka izihlunu zomlomo, ulwimi, umlomo, iifowuni, kunye neengqungquthela.
ILizwi
Ukuphila kunye ne-dysarthria kunokuxhalabisa kuba kunzima ukuthetha, kwaye kuya kuba neentloni.
I-Dysarthria inokuphucula ngokweenqanaba okanye ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokwezizathu. Ukuba i-dysarthria ingalindelekanga ukuba iphucule ngokwayo, unyango kunye nokuzivocavoca kuya kunceda ukuphucula amandla akho okuthetha nokuthetha ngokucacileyo.
> Ukufunda okuqhubekayo:
> I-Cerebellar Dysfunction kwi Multiple Sclerosis, uWilkins A, Front Neurol. 2017 Juni 28; 8: 312. i-doi: 10.3389 / fneur.2017.00312. eCollection 2017.