I-stroke isondelelene kakhulu nesifo senhliziyo. Ukuba unesifo senhliziyo, unokuhendwa ukuba ungayihoywa okanye uphinde unyamekele unyango ukuba unayo impawu ezinzima. Kodwa, ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unesifo senhliziyo, kubalulekile ukuba ungayihoyi. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uya kwizonyulo zezokwelapha zonke ezicetyiswayo ngenxa yokuba isifo senhliziyo sinemiphumo emibi yempilo, enye yezona ziqhamo ezinzima kakhulu.
Iintlobo zeentliziyo zengqondo ezihambisana ne-Stroke
Isifo senhliziyo sisenza njani isifo? Kukho iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zesifo senhliziyo esichaphazelekayo kwaye zingabangela isifo ngenxa yokubambisana okufutshane phakathi kwentliziyo kunye nokuhamba kwegazi kwingqondo.
I-Heart Rhythm Ukungavumelekanga (Arrhythmia)
Intliziyo ephilileyo iyabetha rhoqo, yenza intliziyo. Intliziyo nganye inokuthenjelwa igalelo igazi emzimbeni wakho malunga namaxesha angama-60-100 ngomzuzu.
Kukho uhlobo lwesifo senhliziyo esichazwe yintliziyo engaqhelekanga. Intliziyo engavumelekanga ibizwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmia. Xa intliziyo iqhuma ngokungaqhelekanga, oku kungakhokelela kwiinkalo ezenzekayo ezinokubangela isifo.
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-arrhythmia lubizwa ngokuba yi-fibrillation ye- atrial. I-fibrillation ye-Atrial ibangelwa ukuqhuma kombane okungavamile entliziyweni ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwenhliziyo yentliziyo ye-pacemaker, ekhoyo kwigumbi lentliziyo ebizwa nge-atrium efanelekileyo.
I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular enye yezinto eziqhelekileyo ezikhethiweyo ze-cardiac arrhythmias. I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular ibonakaliswe ngophethiloli ogqithisileyo wentliziyo.
IArrhythmias inegalelo ekubethweni ngenxa yokuba xa intliziyo ibetha ngokungaqhelekanga, igazi aliqhubeki ngendlela efanayo. Eminye yegazi inokuthi igxilwe endaweni, endaweni yokuhamba kakuhle.
Le ntshukumo yokuhamba kwegazi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-stasis, iphela kuphela i-millisecond, kodwa yilexesha elaneleyo legazi ukwenza ama-clots.
Amacwecwe egazi awakhiwe angahamba esuka entliziyweni ukuya kwiimitha ze-carotid okanye kwiingqondo, ukuphazamisa ukusasazeka kwengqondo nokudala ukubetha kwe-ischemic . Ukulimala kwengqondo yeempawu zesicakecictimes ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukuphuma kumbilini ngeprogram ebizwa ngokuthi inguqu ephazamisayo. Ngaloo ndlela, utshintsho olunzulu lweempawu zentrakmic zingenzeka ngezibetho ezibangelwa zizifo zentliziyo.
IArrhythmias ifunyanwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha loviwo lwezonyango rhoqo. Xa ugqirha wakho ephula intliziyo yakho nge stethoscope , uphulaphule isigqi, kwaye ngoko unokubona ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngesigqi esivamile okanye esingavumelekiyo. Ukuqhubeka nokuvavanywa ngeemvavanyo zokuxilonga ezifana ne-electrocardiogram (EKG), i-echocardiogram, uvavanyo loxinzelelo okanye umboniso we-Holter kunokufuneka ukuba uqaphele ngakumbi umzekelo kunye nesibongo seengxaki zengqungquthela.
Uninzi lwama-arrhythmiya lunokunyangwa ngamachiza okanye utyando. Ukuba une-arrhythmia, usenokufuna ukuthatha igazi elincinci ukuze uncede ukukhusela isifo, nokuba ufumana unyango lwe-heartbeat yakho engavumelekanga.
Unyango lwe-arrhythmia ngokwayo ayinakusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ugqirha okanye amayeza e-arrhythmia ngokubambisana nabagcini begazi baye bafunyanwa ukuba baphumelele ekukhuseleni izibetho kunokuba unyango lwe-arrhythmia ngaphandle kwegazi elincinci.
Ukumelwa yintliziyo
Ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ye-congestive yimiqathango esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuchaza intliziyo xa ibuthathaka kwaye ingasebenzi kakuhle. Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo ye-heart are about 2-3 times more likely to experience a stroke ngaphezu kwabantu abangenakho ukuhluleka kwentliziyo.
Ukuhluleka kwentliziyo kubangela iimpawu ezininzi, kuquka ukukhathala, amandla aphantsi kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane.
Ezi zimpawu ziyimiphumo yesimo senhliziyo esingafanelekiyo emzimbeni ngenxa yobuthathaka bentliziyo yesisu. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abanesifo senhliziyo banentliziyo ekhawulezayo, yinto yokuzama kwenhliziyo ukuhlawulela isenzo sokuphefumula esicuthakathayo senhliziyo.
Inkcazo yombutho phakathi kokuhluleka kwentliziyo kunye nesifo soxinzelelo luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ihambelana nenani lezinto. Enye yeendlela ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kubangela ukuba kuqhutywe ngumzimba wempendulo ye-physiologic ekungeneni okwaneleyo kwe-oksijini kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlawulela intliziyo. Umzimba uzama ukuhlawulela ezi ngxaki ngokukhupha ama-hormone amaninzi enza ukuba igazi likhululeke ngakumbi, elibangela ukubetha.
Enye indlela umzimba ozama ukuhlawulela ngayo ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kukuguqula uxinzelelo lwegazi ngendlela engakhokelela ekubetheni. Ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kunokukhokelela kwisantya esingenanto okanye esingaqhelekanga, esenza ukuba intliziyo ibe yimizila yegazi ekwazi ukuhamba kwiimitha ze-carotid okanye kwiingqondo, ukuphazamisa ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwingqondo kwaye kubangele isifo. Kanti esinye isizathu sokunyuka komngcipheko ochaphazelekayo kwintliziyo yesifo kukuba iimeko ezifanayo zezinto eziphilayo zenza ukuba ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo kubangele izifo zemithana yegazi, okukhokelela ekubunjweni kwegazi kunye nemivimbo.
Izifo zeVilve Heart
Iipilveshi zentliziyo zincinci zincinci ezitholakala emagumbini entliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Ezi valves ziyakwazi ukugcina ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwegazi xa lihamba entliziyweni, ngaphakathi entliziyweni, nasentliziyweni.
Iimvenge zentliziyo ezingapheliyo zingakhokelela kwimiphumo embi. Igazi lingavuza okanye 'libuyele' kwisalathiso esingafanelekanga, okubangelwa ngamacwecwe egazi ngenxa ye-stasis. Igazi, i-cholesterol kunye nezinye izinto zinganamathela kwaye zenze ukukhula okuncinci kwiiphini. Ezi zikhula zingakwazi ukugqithisa kwaye ekugqibeleni zihambele ingqondo, zivimbele imithana yegazi encinci engqondweni, iphazamise ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye ibangele imivimbo yesichemicic. Iipilveshi zentliziyo zinokusuleleka, zithumela i-debris kunye ne-'sticky' eziphathekayo ezingavimbela imivenge yegazi yengqondo.
Iingxaki zeplabhu yeenhliziyo ziyabonakala ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwezonyango xa ugqirha wakho ephulaphula intliziyo yakho nge stethoscope. Iiphene zeenqwelo zentliziyo zibonakaliswa ngokungafaniyo, iintliziyo ezingavamile. Uviwo olongezelelweyo kunye neemvavanyo zokuxilonga ezifana ne-echocardiogram zingakwazi ukuchonga bhetele uhlobo oluthile lwesiphene senhliziyo kunye nokunceda ekwakheni isicwangciso sokulungiswa kwemigodi, esinokubandakanya imithi okanye utyando.
Iinjongo Zentliziyo
Ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-myocardial infarction (ukufa kwesisu senhliziyo ngenxa yokungabi nalutho kwegazi) ngokuqhelekileyo isiganeko esibuhlungu esichazwe kukuphefumula okuphefumlelweyo kunye nengcinezelo yesifuba. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiphina inxalenye yentliziyo eyonakaliswe ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, ukulimala kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kwemimandla ewonakele.
Ukuba isifo senhliziyo silimaza enye yeemeko zentliziyo ezilawula isigqi senhliziyo, i-arrhythmia iyakwenzeka. Ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwonakalisa imisipha yeentliziyo, ngoko intshukumo yeentliziyo ezibuthathaka zingabangela ukuhluleka kwentliziyo. Kwi-intlanzi enkulu yeentliziyo, kunokungabikho kokunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo kwingqondo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo. Ngaloo ndlela, umntu unokufumana unxepheko ngexesha elifanayo njengokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.
Umngcipheko wexesha elide emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo ngumnye wemiphumo emibi eyaziwayo yale meko. Yingakho enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokunakekelwa kweentliziyo zentliziyo kubandakanya ukujongana nokukhuselwa kwesifo, okuquka ukugcina izinga le-cholesterol enempilo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kwinqanaba elicetywayo .
Iintsholongwane zentliziyo kunye nokuvutha
Ngokubanzi, iintsholongwane zentliziyo kunye nesifo esivuthayo entliziyweni asikho into eqhelekileyo. Iintsholongwane zentliziyo zandisa amathuba okuba nesifo sokukhwabanisa okanye isifo esibuhlungu. I-Endocarditis luhlobo lokuvuvukala okanye ukusuleleka kweethambo zesisu. I-Endocarditis inokuthi ihambelane nemingcipheko enjengeentsimbi zentliziyo. Isifo se-valve esifana nesifo sengqondo se-rheumatic enye yengozi ye-endocarditis. Ulawulo lwe-endocarditis ludinga ukunonyamekela kakhulu, kwaye kungenelele ukungenelelo ngoncedo oluphambili.
Iintsholongwane zentliziyo
Inani leentlungu zengqondo ezizalwe ngokuzalwa zidibaniswa nethuba lokunyuka kwesifo. Iimeko zeentliziyo ezizalwayo zihlala zibizwa ngokuba yiziphene zesisu. Kukho iintlobo zeentsilelo zesifo senhliziyo esisenyameni, kubandakanywa iziphene zentliziyo kunye nokungaziphathi kakuhle kwisakhiwo semithambo yegazi entliziyweni. I-defenital heart defect iyona nto ivulekileyo okanye i-"hole" kwi-septum, eyona isakhiwo esahlukanisa amacandelo, okubizwa ngokuba ngamagumbi, entliziyweni.
I-patent foramen ovale (PFO) isisiphako kummandla we-septum ohlukanisa i-atria efanelekileyo yentliziyo esuka kwi-atria yangasese yentliziyo. I-PFO ibhekwe njengengozi ebalulekileyo yengozi emininzi kwiminyaka emininzi, kodwa uphando olutsha luye lwaphakamisa ukuba lunokuba luncipheko olungakumbi kunokuba lucinge ngaphambili. Okwangoku, abantu abane-patent foramen ovale abahlala besicetyiswa ukuba bahlaziywe.
Iintsilelo ezininzi zeenhliziyo zitholakale ebuntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ngoxa iintlungu zentliziyo ye-congenital zandisa amathuba okuba ne-stroke esemncinci, ithuba elibanzi lokuba ne-stroke esemncinci kakhulu.
Ukuba unesiphako senhliziyo esisenyameni, mhlawumbi isifo sakho sezilwanyana sifumana xa uyingane okanye umntu omdala. Kubalulekile ukuba uqhubeke nokutyelela nge-cardiologist ebomini bakho de uze ucacwe malunga nokukhubazeka kwentliziyo yakho.
Unokwazi Njani Ukuba Unesifo Seentliziyo?
Imiqondiso yesifo senhliziyo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko ethile yentliziyo. Ezinye iimeko zentliziyo zivelisa ingqondo yokukhathala, ngelixa ezinye zivelisa izibilini, kanti ezinye zivelisa ukudinwa ngokubambisana nokuzikhandla. Isifo senhliziyo singabonakalisa ngesisu .
Nangona ezinye iimeko zentliziyo zingabangeli naziphi na izimpawu, ingakumbi ukuba zincinci okanye zisesekuqaleni, ii-physics zakho eziqhelekileyo zenzelwe ukunceda izifo ezininzi, kuquka isifo senhliziyo. Into engcono ongayenza ukuze ufumane ukuba unesifo senhliziyo kukuba uqaphele nayiphi na utshintsho kwinqanaba lakho lamandla kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ucwangcisa iimviwo zakho ezicetyiswayo.
ILizwi
Isifo senhliziyo asiqhelekanga, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba akufanele uthathe ngokungathandekiyo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu zesifo senhliziyo, akufanele ulibazise ukufumana unyango. Ukunyamekelwa kwezonyango zesifo senhliziyo kuye kwindlela ende kwaye ininzi yeengxaki zentliziyo zinokulawulwa kakuhle ukukhusela iziphumo ezinjenge-stroke.
Ukwenza isiqinisekiso sokufumana i-check-ups rhoqo yindlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki zempilo ziyafunyanwa kwangaphambili, ngaphambi kokuba zenze iingxaki ezibalulekileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Ukulinganisa ukubaluleka kokubaluleka kwizigulane zokuphepha iimpawu kunye neziphumo zokuhluleka kwentliziyo, i-Hauber AB, i-Obi EN, Intengo MA, i-Whalley D, iTshints CL, i-Curr Med Res Opin. 2017 Julayi 13: 1-26.