Ziziphi izitofu ezikhoyo kwaye Ngaba zilungele kuwe?
Abantu bavame ukucinga ngabantwana xa becinga ngokugonywa. Akukho mbuzo ukuba ezinye izitofu zilungelelaniswa nabantu abancinci, njengalezo zokuvuthwa kwemaselisi, iimvumba, i-polio, i-rubella kunye ne-papillomavirus yabantu (HPV). Nangona kunjalo, izitofu akuzona kuphela ezincinci. Zingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela izifo njengoko sikhula.
I-Medicare iyavuma oku kwaye iquka izitofu ekukhuleni. Kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi iigcino ezifumanekayo kuwe, nokuba kutheni ungazifuna.
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Umtya weMedare ye-Flu ShotIntsholongwane , ingumkhuhlane, iyintsholongwane yentsholongwane eguga amashumi amawaka abantu emhlabeni wonke kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu. Umkhuhlane, ukubola, intloko, ukukhwehlela, ukubola komqala kunye nezihlunu ze-muscle zibonakalisa iimpawu zesifo nakuba kukho impawu ebanzi. Iingxaki ziyahlukahluka kwiintsholongwane zendlebe kwi-pneumonia kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukufa. Ngo-2013, ii-Centers for Control and Prevention (CDC) zachaza abantu aba-3,697 abafa e-United States ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
Ikomidi elicebisa ngeMigangatho yokuNgcoma ikhuthaza ukuba nabani na abangaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu bayagonywa malunga nomkhuhlane. Kukhuthazwa ngokukhethekileyo kubantu abane-asthma, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo okanye nabani na onesistim somzimba. Iimeko ezifana nomhlaza kunye ne-HIV ziwela kulolu hlobo.
Ngako oko, i-Medicare ibandakanya ukugonywa komkhuhlane ngexesha lonke ixesha lokuwa-ebusika phantsi kweCandelo B lizuzisa. Inzuzo ayiyi kuhlawula nantoni na ukuba ugqirha wakho usayine isivumelwano kunye ne-Medicare.
Isitofu singagcinwa okanye senziwe njengesipilisi okanye njengophefu lwamanzi, njengegciwane elingenakusebenza okanye igciwane eliphilayo ngokulandelanayo. I-CDC isandul 'ixeliweyo ukuba i-nasal-spray version ye-vaccine ayizange iboniswe ngokwaneleyo malunga nomkhuhlane. Ngenxa yoko, akusayi kuphinda kunconywe ngoJuni 2016.
Kwezinye iimeko, i -vaccine ye-dose ephezulu isenokufumaneka ukuze inikeze ukhuseleko olwandisiweyo kubantu abadala. I-Medicare ihlanganisa olu gonyo. Unokuxoxa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo kwaye unqume ukuba yiyiphi i-vaccine eqhuba kakuhle kuyo imeko yakho.
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I-Medicare Coverage ye-Pneumonia ShotI-pneumonia yintsholongwane yamaphaphu engabangela ibhaktheriya, ii-virus kunye nefungi. Iimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okufutshane, kunye namaqondo aphantsi oksijini emzimbeni. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye nokuPhepha, kwakukho izibhedlele ezingaphezu kwe-1.1 ezihlala kwisibhedlele nge-pneumonia ngo-2010 kunye nomyinge uhlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweentsuku ezintlanu. Kulezi zibhedlele zihlala, kwabakho abantu abathathu abafa kubo bonke abantu abayi-100.
Kwakuye kwimeko yokuba ukufumana isifo se-pneumonia esisodwa emva kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kwakwanele ukugcina iintlobo ezinobundlobongela be-pneumonia. Iingcebiso zitshintshile ukususela ukuba iintlobo ezimbini zokugonywa zicetyiswa, i-PCV13 kunye ne-PPSV23. Isigodlo ngasinye sijolise kwi-serotypes eyahlukeneyo ye-pneumococcal pneumonia kunye kunye kunye nokwandisa ukukhuselwa kwiibhaktheriya. Izitofu azange zenziwe ngezinye izimbangela ze-pneumonia.
Inzuzo yakho ye-Medicare Part B ibandakanya izitofu ze-pneumococcal emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65. I-PCV13 inikwa kuqala nge-PPSV23 ikhuthazwa ezintandathu ukuya kweenyanga ezili-12 emva koko. Isigodlo sikhululekile ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyavuma kwiShedyuli yoTywala yeMagqirha ye-Medicare . Qhubeka ukhumbule, nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-Medicare ihlawula kuphela idosi enye yesitofu ngasinye. Naliphina i-pneumonia shots shots, nangakumbi kwisicetyho sogqirha wakho, uza kuza ngeendleko ezongezelelweyo. Le yimeko nangona unesigulane nesimo sengqondo sompompo esikubeka kumngcipheko ophezulu we-pneumonia.
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I-Medicare Coverage ye-Hepatitis B ShotI-Hepatitis B yintsholongwane ehlasela isibindi. Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo se-hepatitis B kubonakala xa ufika ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo kunye negazi okanye ezinye izifo zomzimba zomntu ogulayo. Kodwa, akunakwaneleyo, ukuba uthinte kuphela umkhuhlane ukusuleleka. Umkhuhlane kufuneka ungene emzimbeni wakho ngokunjalo. Ngokomzekelo, intsholongwane ingadluliselwa ngokunyelwa igazi, amanxeba avulekileyo, ukulala ngokwesini kunye nokuzalwa kwesisu.
I-Hepatitis B ingabangela isifo esiqatha sesibindi, i-cirrhosis, kunye nesifo somhlaza wesibindi (hepatocellular carcinoma). Amaphesenti angaphezu kwamahlanu aseMelika atheleleke nge-hepatitis B. Uninzi lwabantu luya kucima lesi sifo emzimbeni wabo xa abanye behlala bengenazo izibonakaliso ngesi sifo esingapheliyo. Abanye abantu abane-hepatitis B engapheliyo baya kuba neengxaki kwixesha.
I-Medicare Part B ayifuni ukugonywa kwe-Hepatitis B kuwo wonke umntu. Kuphela kuphela okukugubungelayo abo bacinga ukuba basengozini yesi sifo. Imizekelo yeemeko ezinokunyusa umngcipheko we-hepatitis B ziquka:
- Sikashukela
- Isifo se-renal sokugqibela (ESRD)
- Hemophilia
- I-Hepatitis C
- HIV
- Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo
Abasebenzi bokunakekelwa kwezempilo, abantu abasetolongweni kunye nalabo abahlala kwiindawo ezizimeleyo okanye kwiiklasi zeqela baqatshelwa ukuba banomngcipheko ophezulu we-hepatitis B.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyavumelana nemimiselo ebekwa yi-Medicare , iinqununu zokugonya kwe-hepatitis B ziya kukhululeka kuwe phantsi kweNgxenye B inzuzo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufumane ukuba ungumgqatswa wee-three-shot series.
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I-Medicare Coverage for the Shingles ShotXa unenkukhu yenkukhu , intsholongwane eyenza iphile emzimbeni wakho ngonaphakade. Ukuba ungomnye onenhlanhla, akusayi kuphinda kukukhathaze kwakhona. Inyaniso isala ukuba omnye kubantu abathathu igciwane liyasetyenziswa kwakhona emzimbeni. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngexesha loxinzelelo okanye ukugula kwaye kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unobutsha okanye umdala. Ukugqithisa okubuhlungu, ukutshisa okanye ukuhlambalaza okuvela kwicala elinye lomzimba wakho kwaziwa ngokuba yi-shingles.
Iingqungqungquthela , njengoko zingenakukhuseleka njengoko kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo zizifo zokuzikhupha. Nangona kunjalo, isifo sosizi esihlala ixesha elide esibizwa ngokuba yi-neuralgia engasemva. Le nkxalabo inokukhuphaza kwamanye amaxesha kwaye inganciphisa umgangatho wobomi. Qaphela ukuba unokuhlakulela izibhinqa ngaphezu kweyodwa ngexesha lokuphila kwakho.
Ukugonywa kwezibhinqa kuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kwesifo kunye nomngcipheko we- neuralgia emva kokuvela. Izicwangciso ezithile ze-Medicare Benevantage okanye izicwangciso zeCandelo D zingabandakanya ukulawulwa kwexesha elilodwa le gciwane. Ngelishwa, ngokuqhelekileyo akhululekile kwaye angadinga i-copayment. Iindleko zangempela ziya kuhluka ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso sakho sefom.
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Umtya we-Medicare weTetanus (ne-Pertussis) ShotI-Tetanus , ebizwa ngokuba yi-lockjaw, isifo esivela yi-bacterium Clostridium tetani. Ayisisifo esifanayo e-United States kodwa sichaphazela uninzi lwabantu abayishumi emhlabeni jikelele. Xa ibhaktheriya ihamba phantsi kwesikhumba sakho kunye neengxube ezinzulu, ibangele i-muscle spasms kwaye inokusichaphazela izidumbu ezilawula ukuphefumla. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kungasongela ubomi.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba isifo sinqandekile ngokugonya. Kunconywa uchungechunge lweetetanus shots ebuntwaneni, kwaye abantu abadala bakhuthazwa ukuba bafumane ukuphucula iminyaka yonke eyi-10.
I-Medicare Icandelo B lihlawula iipesenti ezili-100 zeendleko zokugonywa kwe-tetanus kwiimeko ezithile. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kunye / okanye i-neuropathy , umzekelo, abanako ukuvakalelwa kakuhle kwiinyawo zabo kwaye banokuba nesifo esivulekile esikhumbeni esikwandisa ingozi ye-tetanus. Abanye abantu banokuba neenzakalo ezikhokelela ekugqibeleni amanxeba, umzekelo, ukubetha kwezilwanyana okanye ukuhamba kwiisilonda.
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana i-tetanus booster kwaye ungenayo isifo okanye utyhafu, kuya kufuneka uphendule kwisicwangciso sakho se- Medicare Benevantage okanye icebo leCandelo D lokunika ingxelo. Kuya kuba nokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo yokugonya ngokuxhomekeka kwisicwangciso sakho seyeza.
Olunye uqikelelo lukhuselo olubhekiselele kwi-pertussis, aka ekhupha umkhuhlane . I-Pertussis ingaba yingozi kwaye isongela ubomi kubantwana abancinci kunye nalabo abanamasosha omzimba obuthathaka. Inyolo yokulwa ne-pertussis ifumaneka kuphela xa idibene ne-tetanus vaccine.
I-Tdap (i-tetanus, i-diphtheria, ne-pertussis) ipopu ayifakwe phantsi kweNgxenye B inzuzo kwaye ingahlawulwa okanye isingenakucwangciswa isicwangciso sakho se-Medicare Benevantage okanye icebo leCandelo D. Nceda ukhangele nge-formulary yakho yesicwangciso.
Kunconywa ukuba ufumane ubuncinane besikhokelo esisodwa seTdap njengomntu omdala kwaye ucinge ngegciwane lokunyanga elongezelelweyo ukukhusela ukusabalalisa i-pertussis kubantu abasengozini. Bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo bayacetyiswa ukuba bafumane ukugonywa kweTdap kwi-trimester yesithathu okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kokuziswa ukukhusela iintsana zabo.
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Ukuqapha. http://www.cdc.gov/shingles/surveillance.html. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 1, 2014. Kufumaneke ngomhla we-16 kuMeyi, 2016.
Amaziko e-Medicare neeNkonzo zeMedicaid. Intlawulo yeCandelo D Iiphene phantsi kweNzuzo yeDrama yeDrug (iSahlulo D). https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNMattersArticles/downloads/SE0678.pdf. Kufumaneke ngoMeyi 15, 2016.
I-Hepatitis B Foundation. Izibalo. http://www.hepb.org/hepb/statistics.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 15, 2016. Kufumaneke ngomhla we-16 Meyi 2016.
IZiko leSizwe leeMpilo zoLwazi. FastFacts: Influenza. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/flu.htm. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Aprili 27, 2016. Kufumaneka ngomhla we-16 Meyi 2016.
IZiko leSizwe leeMpilo zoLwazi. FastFacts: Pneumonia. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Oktobha 7, 2015. Kufumaneke ngomhla we-16 Meyi 2016.