Ngomdlavuza we-Hepatitis B kunye Nokuba Kutheni Unokufuna
I-Hepatitis B yintsholongwane yentsholongwane echaphazela isibindi kwaye ingaba nemiphumo emibi yokungaphumeleli kwesibindi, i-cirrhosis (inzima yesibindi) nomhlaza wesibeleko (umhlaza wesibindi). Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ichaphazela abantu abayizigidi ezingama-400 emhlabeni jikelele, kuquka i-1.5 million e-United States.
Intsholongwane isasazeka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo kunye negazi kunye nesigulo.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane zibandakanya unina kumntwana, ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-IV ngeedalane ezabelwanayo, ukulimala kwintsimbi, nokulala ngesini nomntu one-hepatitis B.
Iiphene ze-Hepatitis B
Indlela efanelekileyo yokuzikhusela kwi-hepatitis B kukufumana ukugonya kwe-hepatitis B. Kukho izitofu ezimbini ezifumanekayo eUnited States ezikhusela i-hepatitis B: i-Recombivax HB ne-Engerix-B. Kukho ukudibanisa izitofu ezikhusela kwiintsholongwane ezimbini. I-Twinrix, umzekelo, ikhusela i-hepatitis B kunye ne-hepatitis A.
Ngubani ofuna i-Vaccine ye-Hepatitis B?
Nabani na ofuna ukukhuselwa kwi- hepatitis B kufuneka agonywe . Abanye abantu, nangona kunjalo, banethuba eliphezulu lokukhuselwa kwiintsholongwane ngenxa yokuphila kwabo okanye uhlobo lomsebenzi wabo.
Ukugonya kwe-HBV ngoku yinxalenye yeshedyuli yokugonywa rhoqo kwaye ikhuthazwa kuzo zonke iintsana. Nangona iintsana mhlawumbi zingasayi kuqhagamshelana negazi eligulayo, abantwana abadala kunye nabaselula banako.
Abantwana abanetyholongwane ne-HBV bangabonakali. Ngenxa yoko, ukugonywa umntwana ngokushushumbisa i-hepatitis B kunokubonelela ngeminyaka emininzi yokukhusela, ukugcina umntwana ekhuselekileyo kwiintsholongwane zibe ngumntu omdala.
Ingozi ye-Hepatitis B?
Ewe. Iimpawu zokugonya ze-Hepatitis B zimbalwa, ukuba zikhona, iziphumo ezimbi. Izigulane zeHepatitis B ziyi-thimerosal-ezamahala kwaye ayinayo igciwane eliphilayo.
Isikhalazo esona siqhelekileyo siyintlungu encinci kummandla we-injection, eyintengiso efanelekileyo ekuqwalaseleni iingxaki ezinzima zisoloko zinokwenzeka ngokusuleleka kwe-hepatitis B. Ekubeni izitofu ze-hepatitis B zavunywa ngo-1980, ziye zafumana ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufundiswa kwaye ziqinisekiswe.
Iphepheni ye-Hepatitis B isebenza njani?
Ii-vaccines ze-Hepatitis B zisebenza ngokufanisa intsholongwane emzimbeni wakho ngokuzisa iprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi "HBsAg ," okanye i-anti-hepatitis B yomhlaba. Iprotheni iveliswa ngokufaka izinto ezikhethiweyo ze-genetic kwi-virus ye-hepatitis B kwaye "ikhula" kwisilwanyana sesonka. Oku kuvelisa i-HBsAg ehlambulukileyo engenakubangela usulelo lwangempela kodwa lusenokubangela ukuphendula komzimba wakho kumzimba wakho.
Isiphumo kukuba ukuba unokwimeko yesifo sengculaza, isistim somzimba sakho sokuzivikela siya kuzibona kwaye silwe. Kuya kuba nempumelelo encinci yokuphendula, kwaye isifo kufuneka sitshintshwe. Ngokwezifundo zokugonya kwe-hepatitis B, umntu ogonywayo kufuneka abe nenqanaba lokukhusela phakathi kwama-90% kunye nama-95% kwiminyaka eyi-15 okanye ngaphezulu.
I-Vaccine Inikwe Njani?
Ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B kudinga i-3 okanye 4 i-shots ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu. Injola inikezelwa kwisisipha, ngokuqhelekileyo ingalo yabantu abadala okanye umlenze wezinsana nabantwana.
Yintoni i-HBIG?
Ngamanye amaxesha udokotela angancoma i-HBIG, i-hepatitis B ye-immune globulin. I-immune globulin luhlobo lonyango lokugonywa olisebenzisa ama-antibodies endaweni yeentsholongwane. Olu hlobo lokuzikhusela lubizwa ngokuba "ngumzimba wokuzikhusela," kuba unika ukhuseleko ngaphandle kokuba umzimba wakho wenze nantoni na. I-HBIG inikeza kuphela ukukhuselwa kwexesha elifutshane kwaye isetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa. Ukukhusela ukukhusela i-hepatitis B yindlela yokuphepha, yindlela eyona ndlela isebenzayo. Ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga ne-immune globulin, sifunda ntoni i-immune globulin?
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. NgoJuni 23, 2008. I-Hepatitis B.
I-Pickering, uLK (ed), Incwadi Ebomvu: Ingxelo yeKomiti yeZifo ezithathelwanayo , ngomhla wama-26 e. I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics, 2003. 318-336.