Iithintelo zokudala i-Vaccin Effective Preventive Vaccine
Iigonywa sele zibonwe njengento ephambili ekupheliseni izifo ezibangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa yimpilo yoluntu, kubandakanya i-polio, imasisi, i-rubella kunye ne-diphtheria.
Impembelelo efana nayo ibonwe ngogonyamelo lwe - hepatitis A , owasungulwa ngo-1995, kunye nokugonya kwe- hepatitis B , eyaqala ngo-1981. Ngokuphunyezwa kwecwangciso lokugonywa kazwelonke, inani le-hepatitis A kunye ne-B e-United States liye lancipha ngamaphesenti angama-95 kunye neepesenti ezingama-90, ngokulandelanayo.
Oku, ngokwemvelo, kubonisa ukukhanya kwe- hepatitis C kunye nemibuzo yokuba kutheni singakhulisi isitofu sokugonya esinokuthintela into ebaluleke kakhulu kwizinto ezintathu eziphambili ze-hepatitis?
Isikali se-Hepatitis C
Umlinganiselo wengxaki uyamangalisa. Ngokomhla wokuhlaziywa kwi-World Health Organisation, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-70 banesifo esingapheliyo nesifo se-hepatitis C (i-HCV), kubandakanywa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu zaseMerika. Kule, phantse i-400,000 ifa ngesifo ngasinye ngonyaka, ngokuyininzi ngenxa yesifo se- cirrhosis kunye nomhlaza wesibindi .
Ukongezelela koko, malunga ne-1.5 yezigidi ezithathelwanayo ezenzekayo ngonyaka, apho ivela kuma-70 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-85 ekhulwini kuya kuqhubeka nokuhlakulela isifo esingapheliyo apho iipesenti ezingama-70 ekugqibeleni ziza kuba nesifo sesibindi.
Ukubeka ezi manani ngendlela ebonakalayo, izinga lokutheleleka kwe-HCV olutsha lusekho kwi- HIV , ngelixa isibalo sabantu abanesifo esiphelelwe yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis C sinokuphindwe kabini kwe-HIV (33 yezigidi).
Iingxaki ekuphuhliseni i-Vaccine
Nangona kukho iindlela zonyango namhlanje ezinokukwazi ukuphilisa abantu abaninzi abahlala neHCV, indlela ecacileyo kuphela yokuphelisa ubhubhane i-vaccine ekhuselekileyo nekhuselekileyo. Kuza kube namhlanje, izazinzulu ziye zatsholwa kwimigudu yazo yokufumana enye.
Ngelixa abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukugonya kwe-hepatitis C kufumaneka (nangona kunjalo, mhlawumbi, kunokugonywa kwe- HIV ), kukho imithintelo ebalulekileyo yokunqoba.
Phakathi kwabo:
- I-HCV inemizila emininzi apho isitofu esisodwa singasebenzi. Zonke zichazwe, zikho ezisixhenxe ze-HCV ze-genotype , ngasinye sineendlela ezihambelanayo kunye neempawu. Uyilo lwe-vaccine luxhomekeka kule mimpawu ukuseka, phakathi kwezinye izinto, apho i-molecule ye-vaccine ifuna ukuthintela kwintsholongwane ukuze iyancipha. Cinga nje ngundoqo. Ngenkqonkco nganye, indawo yecandelo-kunye nendlela ekusebenziseni ngayo izinto eziphambili-zihluka kakhulu. Ngaloo ndlela, ngelixa ukuyeka umthamo omnye wentsholongwane, kunokwenza ukuba omnye athathe indawo yayo.
- I-HCV iguqule rhoqo kwaye ilandelelanise. Njengentsholongwane, i-HCV ifumaneka kwiiphene zekhowudi zodidi lwezofuzo njengoko yenza ngokukhawuleza ikopi zayo. Oko kuthetha ukuthini, nokuba phakathi kwe-genotype enye, kukho i-subtypes engenakubalwa kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo kwi-viral population. Ngenxa yoko, nangona isitofu sokugonya singakwazi ukunqanda i-genotype enye ye-HCV, kunokubakho i-subtypes inokumelana nesigontsho. Ukuba kunjalo, i-subtype encinci iya kukwazi ukuphinda iphinde iphindwe kwaye ingenjalo, ikhuphe imiphumo yesigontsho.
- Kukho ukunqongophala kwezilwanyana ezinokuthi kwenziwe uphando. Ngokwe-HIV, umzekelo, izazinzulu ziyakwazi ukwenza izifundo zesilwanyana kuba kukho igciwane elifanayo elibizwa ngokuba yi- simian virus-immunodeficiency virus (SIV) efunyenwe kwiibhokhwe. Ayikho into engeyo-HCV efana nendalo. Kuza kube namhlanje, izazinzulu zifumene iifom ye-HCV-ezifana neenamahashe, iigorants, kunye neentonga, ezikuthi, ezifanelekileyo, izihlobo ezikude. Xa kuthethwa oko, amanye amaqela ophando aphuhlise iindlela zokukhusela intsholongwane kunye nokufumana ingqiqo enkulu yenkcazelo yendlela intsholongwane echaphazela ngayo iiseli zamkeli kunye nendlela yokuthintela ukuba kwenzeke.
Imida yoPhando
Nangona le miqobo ininzi, izazinzulu zisondela ngakumbi ekuboneni umzekelo wokugonywa kwe-HCV. Ngelixa abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba isitofu esisodwa singenakwenzeka ukuphatha zonke i-genotypes ezinkulu, abaninzi banokuqiniseka ukuba imigaqo efanayo elawula isitofu esisodwa kufuneka ikwazi "ukulungiswa" ukudala abanye
Kukho abathengi bamanani abathenjisiweyo phantsi kophando. Phakathi kwabo, abaphandi base-Australia baphanda isitofu sokugonywa esasilungiselelwe ukunyanga kunokukhusela usulelo lweHCV. Isitofu sokugonya, esele siboniswe ukuba sikhuselekile ebantwini, sibhekene nesilingo esikhulu kwiintolongo eNew South Wales, uluntu apho amazinga e-HCV aphezulu.
Okwangoku, ezinye iinzululwazi zizama ukujonga ukulandelelana kofuzo lwe-HCV efana nehashe, eyona mhlobo osondeleyo kumhlobo obonwa ngabantu. Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukuba izazinzulu ziyakwazi ukucima okanye ukuthintela intsholongwane leyo, imigaqo efanayo ingasetyenziselwa uhlobo lomntu, ukuvula umnyango kwisitofu esisebenza ngempumelelo kuyo yonke indawo ukususela kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyishumi.
> Imithombo:
> Abdelwahab, K., no-Said, A. "Isimo se-Hepatitis C yeVirus Vaccination: I-Update Update". Ihlabathi J Gastroenterol. 2016. 22 (2): 862-73. INGXELO: 10.3748 / wjg.v22.i2.862.
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. "I-Hepatitis eVirit: I-Hepatitis C Ulwazi." Atlanta, Georgia; hlaziywa ngoOktobha 17, 2016.
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. "I-Hepatitis C: I-Fact Sheet." Geneva, eSwitzerland; hlaziywa ngoOktobha 17.