Iinzuzo zokuvavanya zigqithise kakhulu imiphumo
Ukususela ngo-Apreli 2013, ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kuye kwanyusa ukuba bonke abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 no-65 babe yingxenye yokutyelela ugqirha. Kwaye akunjalo nje ngokuba "into efanelekileyo yokuyenza" okanye ngenxa yokuba inokunceda kakhulu ukuguqula le ngqungquthela . Iinzuzo kuwe, njengomntu ngamnye, zinokuba zikhulu kakhulu, ingaba kukubeka ingqondo yakho ngokukhululeka malunga nesimo sakho se-HIV okanye ukunikezela ngeendlela zokwenza isigqibo esiluncedo malunga nempilo yakho.
Oko akuthethi ukuba akukho mingeni, imvakalelo okanye enye indlela, enokukugcina ungavavanywa. Kodwa into esinokuyithetha ngokuzithemba ngokupheleleyo kukuba iimvavanyo zentsholongwane kaGawulayo zigqithise kakhulu iimiphumo ezibi.
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Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo lukhawuleza kwaye lukunika ulawulo olupheleleyoUkungahambi kakuhle, ukungahambi kakuhle kunye nokufihlakeleyo zezi zizathu ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ukuba kutheni abantu banqanda uvavanyo lwe-HIV. Kodwa masithembeke: Izinto zitshintshile kakhulu kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo, ngeemvavanyo ezintsha ezinikezela ngamanqanaba aphezulu okuchaneka , ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokukhululeka kokusetyenziswa.
Ayikwazi ukunyamezela ukulinda umphumo wokuvavanya i-HIV? Namhlanje, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuvavanya ngokukhawuleza ezinokukunika iziphumo kwiminyaka engama-20.
Iintswelo zokuzonda? Akukho ngxaki apho. Iimvavanyo ezisekelwe kwi-Saliva zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi namhlanje njengemvavanyo yegazi yokunakekelwa kwegazi.
Okanye mhlawumbi unenkxalabo malunga nobumfihlo bonyango kwaye unokungena ekungangeni kwindawo yokuhlola egcweleyo? Kutheni ungaqwalasele ukuvavanywa kwe-HIV kwindlu yasekhaya , okubeka ukulawula kwakhona apho ikhona: ezandleni zakho.
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Abantu abaneNTSholongwane kaGawulayo bangaphila ixesha elide, ubomi obuqhelekileyoNantsi into eyenziwa nguphando, ngokucacileyo nangokulula: Ukuba uneminyaka engama-20 kunye novavanyo oluhle lwe-HIV, unokuphila ngokufikelela kwiminyaka engama-70 kunye nangaphezulu ukuba unikwe unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) ngokukhawuleza.
Ycinge. Asiyathethi nje ngokukongeza iminyaka embalwa eyongezelelweyo kwimpilo yakho. Sithetha ukuhlala ixesha elide, kwezinye iimeko ziphezulu kunabantu bonke.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ukulibazisa i-ART, ngamanye amaxesha iminyaka kunye namashumi eminyaka kunokubuyisela zonke ezo zizuzo. Kuyafana nokuba utshaya (phindela iminyaka engama-12), ujobe iziyobisi (iminyaka eyi-11), okanye uthathe iziyobisi zakho ngokungahambisani (ukuya kwi-10 iminyaka).
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Uphulo lwangaphambili luqinisekisa impilo engconoAkukhona nje ngenani leminyaka ohlala kuyo; unyango lokuqala luyakwazi ukufumana ubomi obude kunye nobomi obuphilileyo ukuqala.
Icandelo elijongene neCandelo loCwangciso loCwangciso lweNtsholongwane ye-Antiretroviral Treatment (START) , elenza uphando ngeenzuzo zonyango lokuqala kunyango olwenziwe ukukhawuleza, lwagqitywa ukuba unyango ngexesha loxilongo alunciphisanga nje amathuba okugula nokufa ngamaphesenti angama-57 kodwa wenza oko kungakhathaliseki ubudala bomntu, ubuhlanga, isondo, umthamo wentsholongwane , indawo yehlabathi, okanye isimo sezoqoqosho.
Ngoko akusekho indawo apho uhlala khona, yintoni oyenzayo, okanye ungakanani ubudala. Ukuvavanywa kwangaphambili kuvumela unyango lokuqala, oluqinisekisa ubomi obude kunye nobomi. Ngubani na onokuphikisana nala manani?
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Ukwazi Isimo Sakho Ukukhusela Ukugula Kwiindlela EzintshaIngaba uvavanyo oluhle okanye olungalunganga kwi-HIV, ukwazi ukuba imeko yakho inokukunceda njani ukukhusela okanye ukusasaza intsholongwane.
Ulibale oko abantu bakuxelela malunga nokuthatha uxanduva. Uvavanyo lwe-HIV lufanele lube ngoxolo lwengqondo nangokusebenzisa izixhobo eziphilayo ezinokunciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-HIV, nokuba wena okanye abanye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abanesifo sengculaza abancedisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane banako ukunyanga abanye. Isicwangciso, esaziwa ngokuthi "unyango njengoThintelo" (i-TasP), siye saboniswa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasazwa ngama- 96 ekhulwini .
Ukuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uvavanya ukungathinteli kwi-HIV, unokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wokusuleleka ngokuthatha isifo se -prophylaxis yangaphambili (PrEP) . Isicwangciso, sinconywe kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokusuleleka, singanciphisa amathuba okuba ne-HIV ngama-75 ekhulwini.
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Uvavanyo lwe-HIV lunokuphelisa u-AIDS EpidemicKulungile, ngoko mhlawumbi oku kungenxa yokuba kutheni, njengomntu, kufuneka uhlolwe. Kodwa cinga ihlabathi apho singasayi kuba nexhala malunga neHIV. Ngaba bekungeke kube kuhle?
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba akusekho nje iphupha lephupha-ukuba, ngokuvavanywa kwindalo yonke, sinokuphucula iinkqubo zonyango lwehlabathi kunye nokunciphisa ukungathinteki kwintsholongwane kummandla ukuya kummandla wokukhupha intsholongwane .
Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho imingeni yokubeka umzamo onjengawo ndawo, kodwa ekugqibeleni ihlaselwa into enye kunye yodwa into: ukukholisa umntu wexabiso kunye neenzuzo zokuvavanya i-HIV.
> Imithombo:
> Baeten, J .; Donnell, D .; Ndase, P .; okqhubekayo. "I-Antiretroviral Prophylaxis yokukhusela i-HIV kuMadoda kunye nabasetyhini." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Agasti 2, 2012; 367 (5): 399-410.
> Cohen, M .; Chen, Y; McCauley, M .; okqhubekayo. "Ukuthintela usulelo lwe-HIV-1 ngonyango lokuqala lwe-antiretroviral." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Agasti 11, 2011; 365 (6): 493-505
> Hasse, B; Ledergerber, B; Egger, M., et al. "Ukuguga kunye (non-HIV-inxulumene) Ukudibanisa abantu abane-HIV: I-Swiss Cohort Study (SHCS)." INgqungquthela ye-18 kwiiRevroviruses kunye nezifo ezikhuselekileyo, eBoston. Abstract 792, 2011.
> Helleberg M .; Afzal, S .; IKronborg, G; okqhubekayo. "Ukufa okubangelwa ukutshaya phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV-1: isifundo sobonke besizwe esiphezulu." Izifo ezithathelwanayo zonyango. Matshi 2013; 56 (5): 723-734.
> ISIGABA SOKUQALA IQela lokuFunda. "Ukuqaliswa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwi-Antiretroviral Infection." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Julayi 20, 2015; INGXELO: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.