Iziphakamiso ze-HIV Testing Tips
Ngaba uye wakubona into eyahlukileyo kungekudala ekutyelelweni koogqirha bakho? Mhlawumbi hayi, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ube nayo. Ukuqala ngoSeptemba 2006, i- CDC yaqalisa ukukhuthaza ukuba oogqirha bazama rhoqo ukuhlola nganye isigulane kwi-HIV, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ingozi yabo, xa beza ukutyelela impilo.
Oku kwakuguqulwa komgaqo-CDC. Kuze kube ngangoko ngaphambi kokuba izikhokelo ezintsha ziphunyezwe, ukuhlolwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwacetyiswa ngokukodwa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yezifo , kwaye ukululekwa kwangaphambili kokuvavanywa kunye nokuvavanywa kwangemva kokuvavanywa kwakudingeka ukuba kufakwe njengenxalenye yemigaqo eqhelekileyo.
Ingxaki kukuba le nto ayizange isebenze. Ukuvavanya abantu abasengozini enkulu banokulahlekelwa ezininzi, ukuba kungengowona uninzi, ukusuleleka kwe-HIV. Kwakhona kwandisa ngokungenamfuneko ingozi yabantwana abazalwa ngeNTSholongwane kaGawulayo ekubeni unyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunempumelelo kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukudluliselwa.
Uhlobo olutsha lovavanyo lubizwa ngokuba "ukuvavanya ukuphuma." Kule fomu yokuvavanya, uvavanyo lunikezwa ngaphandle kokuba izigulane ziwulane ngokukodwa. Ngokubanzi, ukuvavanywa kokuphuma kufunyenwe kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokunyusa inani labantu abahlolwe izifo xa kuthelekiswa nokunyulwa kwenkqubo apho abantu kufuneka bacele ukuhlolwa. Abantu baya kubuzwa ukuba bafuna ukuvavanya i-HIV, kodwa ukuvavanya akusayi kuphinda kuvunyelwe imvume ebhaliweyo okanye ukucebisa kwaye iya kuboniswa njengenxalenye yokunyamekela rhoqo.
Ngenxa yoko, nangona uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo luya kuba luzinikela ngokuzithandela, abantu abaninzi baya kugqitywa ukuvavanywa.
Nangona kunjalo, kuba le ngcebiso kwaye kungekhona umthetho, akusiyo yonke i-United States elandela izikhokelo ezintsha.
Ngubani omele afundiswe rhoqo?
- Bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo. Uvavanyo kufuneka lwenzeke kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye kwakhona kwakhona ngelixa lesithathu. Ukuvavanywa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokubaluleka kukhuthazwa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abangenayo uvavanyo lwe-HIV kwingxelo.
- Zonke izigulane eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-13 no-64 kwihambo lwabo lokunakekelwa kwempilo rhoqo, ngaphandle kokuba ngaphantsi kwe-1 kwiigulane ezi-1 kubantu abasebenza kwindawo yokukhathalela baye bavavanya ukuba bane-HIV.
- Zonke izigulane zifuna unyango olusasazeka ngesondo (STD) okanye unyango kwiklinikhi ye-STD.
- Zonke izigulane ezithe zafumana i-TB (isifo sofuba).
Ngubani Omele Afune Uvavanyo Olongezelelweyo?
- Abantu abasengozini enkulu ye-HIV-kuquka nabasebenzisi bokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye nabalingani babo bezesondo, abantu abatshintshiselana ngesondo ngemali kunye namaqabane abo abesondo ngokwesini, kunye nabantu ngabanye ababenomlingane omnye wesondo ukusuka kuvavanyo lokugqibela lwe-HIV - kufuneka bavavanywe ubuncinane kanye unyaka.
- Wonke umntu kufuneka afumane uvavanyo lwe-HIV ngaphambi kokuqalisa ubudlelwane bezesondo kunye neqabane elitsha.
Ngelishwa, kusekho abantu abaninzi abangahlolwayo kwi-HIV, nangaphantsi kweengcebiso ezintsha. Le nto ingabangela ingxaki enkulu kumntu ngamnye kunye nempilo yoluntu, oko kutheni ngonyaka wama-2015-9 emva kokunconywa kwangaphambili kwimeko yokuvavanywa kwe-universal - i-CDC isungula inkqubo entsha ekunyanzeleni ngokwenene oogqirha bokunakekelwa kwinqanaba lokuqala lokunyamekela inxalenye yokunyamekela okuqhelekileyo . Iingcebiso kuphela, ngokudabukisayo, kwakungekho ngokwaneleyo.
> Imithombo:
Branson, et al. Iziphakamiso eziHlaziyiweyo zokuVavanywa kweNtsholongwane kaBantu abadala, iiNtsholongwane, kunye nabaTyhini abakhulelweyo kwiiNkqubo zeZonyango. 2006. I-MMWR: 55 (RR14): 1-17