Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ye- hepatitis C (HCV) ziyahlukahluka kusekelwe kwisigaba sentsholongwane. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukukhathala, i-jaundice, (umbala ophuzi wesikhumba kunye namehlo), umkhuhlane kunye nesiphithiphithi . Kwizigaba eziphambili zentsholongwane, ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi kungabangela iingxaki zokuphaphaza okanye ukuphazamiseka (ukudideka okukhulu). Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza wesibindi ungakhula, udla ngokubonakalisa ukubonakala okungakondleki.
Amanqanaba okugula
Impembelelo ye-HCV emzimbeni utshintsho kwixesha emva kokusuleleka kosulelo. Oku kubangelwa kukusasazeka kwintsholongwane, engakwazi ukuvelisa ngaphakathi komzimba, ukwenza iikopi ezininzi. Inkqubela phambili ihambelana nentsholongwane yegalelo kwintsholongwane yesibindi.
Izigaba zokusuleleka kweHCV:
- Ixesha lokuxubusha: Ngeli nqanaba, unokusuleleka ngu-ntsholongwane, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo awuyi kuba naziphi iimpawu. Ukuba unayo iimpawu, zingabandakanywa umkhuhlane, ukukhathala, okanye isisu esifutshane. Phantse abantu aba-1 kwabali-5 bayakwazi ukulwa nentsholongwane ngexesha le nqanaba, musa ukugula ngeHCV ukusuleleka, kwaye ngokwenene ukhuselwe yi-virus.
- I-Hepatitis enobuchule: Ngeenyanga ezi-2-12 emva kokuba intsholongwane ihlasele umzimba, i-HCV inokubangela ukugula okulula kuya kuyingqinamba. Izibonakaliso zentsholongwane ebonakalayo zibonwa malunga nama-15 ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini abantu abaye bafumana isifo sengculaza, ngokuqhelekileyo bafana nezifo zentsholongwane ekuboniseni ubungqina obunobungozi besibindi.
- I-Hepatitis engapheliyo: Ingaphezu kwesiqingatha sabathelelekileyo nge-HCV iya kuba ne-hepatitis engapheliyo, ngakumbi ukuba intsholongwane ayishiywanga. Ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kwenzeka xa i- virus ye - hepatitis C (HCV) ingacacisi ngokukhawuleza ize ihlale emzimbeni. Abanye abantu bahlakulela iimpawu zentsholongwane engapheliyo emva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, ngaphandle kokuba babe ne-hepatitis.
- Ukuphela kwesigaba se-Hepatitis: Ifomu elula ngakumbi yesifo esibonisa ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi kunye neengxaki ezinzima ezinokuquka ukungabikho kwentso kunye nomhlaza wesibindi.
Iimpawu Zamaxesha amaninzi
Izibonakaliso zokungaphumeleli kwesibindi ziquka iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezithile zokubandakanyeka kwesibindi ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane ijolise isibindi. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezivela kwisigaba esichukumisayo nesigcineko sokusuleleka kwe-HCV ngokuhlala zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zinzima kakhulu kwisigaba esingasigxina sosulelo.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-HCV ziquka iimpawu ezingabalulekanga kwi-hepatitis kwaye zivela kwiintsholongwane ezininzi. Ezi zimpawu zibangelwa ngumsebenzi womzimba womzimba njengoko ulwa ne-virus. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-HCV ezinzima ziquka:
- Ukukhathala
- Fever
- Jaundice
- Isihlunu kunye nokuhlanza
- Ukunciphisa ukutya
- Intlungu zesisu
- Uhudo
- Intlungu ehlangeneyo
- Ubuhlungu besisu
Ezinye zeempawu ze-HCV yesiganeko nesigxina zifana neempawu zaso nasiphi na isifo sesibindi.
- Ukuhlambalaza kunye nokuqhaqhaza: isibindi sinendima ekuveliseni iiprotheni ezincedayo kwi-clotting yegazi, eyinxalenye yokuphulukiswa kwingozi. Ukuhlamba kunye nokutyumla kungabonakalisa isibindi sokungasebenzi, okubangelwa kukuhlaselwa kwegciwane kwisibindi, kunye nokuphendula komzimba kwintsholongwane.
- Umchamo omnyama: Ukwakhiwa kwe-bilirubin, eveliswayo xa isibindi sisulelekile okanye singakhubazekanga, kunokubangela i- jaundice, kunye nombala omnyama we-urine (choluria), kunye namabala aphucukileyo okanye ahlambulukileyo.
- Iipali okanye izitye
Kwi-hepatitis enzima, ezi zibonakaliso zizitshintsha ngokwazo, nangona iimeko ezinzima ezibandakanya i-jaundice ne-choluria zingathatha inyanga okanye ngaphezulu. Kwi-hepatitis engapheliyo, ezi zibonakaliso zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zikhona.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Uninzi lweempawu eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane ye-HCV ziyakwenzeka ngexesha leempawu ezinzima okanye ezingapheliyo. Zininzi zale mpawu zibangelwa sisifo sokusweleka kwesibindi okanye ukusabela kwisifo somzimba kwisifo sengculaza.
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo: Oku kungenzeka ngenxa yeziphumo ezininzi zentsholongwane yeHCV. Ukukhathazeka, ukuhlanza nokukhathala kunokunciphisa ukutya kwakho, oku kukunciphisa inani lokutya ofuna ukulidla. Kwaye, njengokuba isibindi sinokukhubazeka, asikwazi ukuvelisa iiprotheni ezibalulekileyo kunye namafutha anokukunceda ukugaya kwaye uyifake ukutya okukudlayo, okukhokelela ekudleni kunye nesondlo esingondlekiyo nangona udla.
- Ukutyikitya okungavamile okanye ukuvutha
- "Izikhonkwane kunye neenaliti" ezingakhululeki
- Isikhumba esikhulayo
- Ukuphakanyiswa, indawo ezinobunzima
- Amehlo anomileyo ahamba kunye nomlomo owomileyo
- Izifo zesifo se-Rheumatic: Izihlungu kunye neentlungu zokuzikhukhumeza ziza kuqala phambi kokuba wazi ukuba uye wavelelwa kwi-HCV, kwaye inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na isigaba sosulelo. Iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye neentlungu zibangelwa kukuba i-immune system ivuselelwe ngokuqhubekayo ukulwa nentsholongwane.
- I-Vasculitis (ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi) ivele yenzeke kwaye ingabangela iintlobo zeziphumo, kubandakanywa intlungu, iingubo zegazi, kunye nokubetha okanye ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, nangona oku kunqabile.
- I-Cryoglobulinemia: I-Cryoglobulins iiprotheni ngaphakathi kwegazi ezomelezwayo xa zibonakaliswe kwiqondo elibanda, kubangela iingxaki ngokuhambisa.
Iingxaki
Isigaba esingapheliyo sesifo se-hepatitis C sinokuqhubeka iminyaka emininzi. Ngeli thuba, ukwakheka kancane kwamathambo ama- statosis ( ukuhlala okungapheliyo kwamafutha) kunye ne-fibrosis (ukutsalwa kwesikhumba sesinyama) kungonakalisa isibindi. Bobabini le miqathango ihlala ikhulile, kunye nabantu abangama-60 ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini abantu abafumana ubuncinane okanye bengenayo imiqondiso yokugula.
Isifo sesibindi sokuphela kwesibindi sibhekisela kwindawo apho isibindi sonakaliswe kakhulu kwaye asikwazi ukusebenza. Iimpawu zivakala ngokubonakalayo kweli nqanaba, zihlala zichaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi zeenqila, kuquka ubuchopho, iinjongo kunye nomgudu ophezulu wokugaya.
I-cirrhosis: Phakathi kwabantu abanokusuleleka kwintsholongwane engapheliyo ye-hepatitis C, i-10 ukuya kwe-15 ekhulwini iya kuqhuba imeko engenakuphikiswa ebizwa ngokuba yi- cirrhosis , apho umonakalo obangelwa yi-fibrosis inkulu kangangokuba igazi liphuma kwaye liphuma esibindi. I-cirrhosis iqhutywe yinqanaba lokukhubazeka kwaye lihlelwe njengalokhu:
- I-cirrhosis
- I-cirrhosis engaxhaswanga
I-cirrhosis ehlawulisiweyo ithetha ukuba isibindi sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kunokubangela iimpawu ezincinci. Xa zikhona, iimpawu zingabandakanya iingxaki ezibandakanya ulusu, izihlunu kunye namalungu njengendlela yokunikezelwa kwegazi ngokukhawuleza kubangela ukwanda kweengcinezelo zegazi ezikhoyo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi- portal hypertension kunye ne-build-up ye-bile kunye nezinye iibhox.
Phakathi kweempawu ezinokwenzeka ze-cirrhosis ehlawulwayo:
- Iimvumba zengxantathu, ngokuyinhloko kwi-trunk kunye nobuso
- Isikhumba esikhulayo
- Ubomvu kwiintende zezandla
- Ukululaza okanye ukuphuma kwegazi ngokungavamile
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-fluid ezinqeni nasezinyaweni
- Ukungabikho kwengxaki kunye nenkumbulo
- Ukuphelelwa kwesidlo
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ukunciphisa amathambo
- I-Erectile ukungasebenzi okanye ukulahleka kwe-libido
- Ukunyanzeliswa kotywala
Iingxaki zokuphela kokusasazeka kwe-hepatitis C ziquka:
- I-cirrhosis engaxhaswanga
- I-Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
- Isifo se-renal sokugqibela (ESRD)
I-cirrhosis ehlaziyiweyo yimeko ebalulekileyo apho ukonakala kwesibindi kuye kwaye kwonakalisa kakhulu kwaye ayikwazi ukusebenza. Iimpawu zivame ukuqhubela phambili kwaye ziyaqhubeka kwaye zingabonisa ngeendlela ezininzi, kuquka:
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
- Jaundice
- Iigumbi zokulinda okanye igazi
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-fluid kwisigxina esiswini, kubangele ukuvuvukala nokuhamba
- I-"sweet-musty" eyahlukeneyo "kwiqanda elibolile" elivumbayo
- Ukuqhayisa okanye ukuphuma
- Ukunciphisa ngokwemvelo umchamo
- Ukutshintsha komntu, ukudideka, okanye ukuthuthumela
- Ukwandisa ukulala
- Ukulahleka kwemizimba
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kweMhlophe okanye "iindawo zobisi" kwiikhonkwane
- Ukuvuthwa kwegazi
- Iimpawu zengxowankulu-zandisa imithanjeni yegazi ye-esophag echaphazelekayo
I-Hepatocellular carcinoma (i-HCC) ngumhlobo wesifo somhlaza wesibindi esakhula ngokubambisana kunye ne-cirrhosis kubantu abane-hepatitis C. Iimpawu ze-HCC zifana nezo zi-cirrhosis ezikhutshiwe kwaye zingaquka:
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
- Jaundice
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-fluid kwisigxina esiswini
- Ukuqhwala okungavumelekanga nokuphuma kwamanzi
- Ukungenzi ngokuzithandela, ukulahlekelwa ubunzima obukhulu
- Ukuphelelwa kwesidlo
- Ukuziva uzele emva kokutya isixa esincinci
- I-Delirium, ukudideka, okanye "ukugubha" ukunyakaza kwemizimba
- Ukukhathazeka kwamathumbu, ngokukodwa kwi-quadrant ephezulu ngaphantsi okanye phantsi kwembambo
Isifo se-endal-stal disease (ESRD), esona siphumelelweyo sezintso eziphambili, sinokubangela kwaye sibunzima ukusuleleka kwe-hepatitis C. Iimpawu ze-ESRD ziyahluka kwaye ziquka:
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
- Ubuhlungu besisu esisisu
- Ukunciphisa ngokwemvelo umchamo
- Ukungakwazi ukuvota
- Ukuvumba komphunga
- I-Mottled okanye engalinganiyo, i-skin coloring discoloration
- Ukulahleka kwemizimba
- Ukuvuvuka kwemilenze kunye neenyawo, okanye ngaphantsi kwamehlo
- Isihlunu okanye ukuhlanza, ngokusa kusasa nangemva kokutya
- Ukwandisa ukulala
- Ukuphindaphinda kwakhona kwemilenze
- Ukuphefumula okanye ukuphefumula
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukudideka
Iziphumo zezifo zesibindi zokuphela kwesigxina ngokuqhelekileyo zihlwempuzekileyo, kunye neminyaka emihlanu yokusinda kweepesenti ezingama-50 kubantu abane-cirrhosis ehlawulweyo kunye neepesenti ezingama-30 kulabo abane-HCC.
Ixesha lokujonga uDokotela
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-HCV zingenakwenzeka kwiinqanaba zokuqala, kwaye ngenxa yokuba zihlala zingasondisi kakhulu, nangona zigaba ezinzima kwaye zihlala zikhona, ungadinga ukubona ugqirha nokuba ungenayo impawu ebonakalayo yesifo.
Umele ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba unesifo sengculaza, mhlawumbi okanye mhlawumbi ngexesha elidlulileyo. Ukuba ufumene naluphi na olu lulandelayo, usenokuba utyhila kwiHCV:
- Ukuba unesondo esingakhuselekanga nomntu onayo okanye onokufumana i-HCV
- Ukuba wabelane ngezilingo nabani na
- Ukuba unesiqhekeza okanye ukuphuka kwesikhumba sakho kwidalane, iglasi okanye nayiphi na enye into eyayiye okanye yayingcoliswe ngegazi le-HCV
Ukuba uhlakulela iimpawu zokuhluleka kwesibindi okanye ukusuleleka kakubi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho, njengokuba imbangela ingaba yi-HCV okanye enye imeko ebalulekileyo efuna unyango. Iimpawu kunye neempawu ekufuneka zijonge zibandakanya:
- Iintsholongwane eziqhubekayo
- Jaundice
- Shintsha kumbala wakho womchamo
- Isihlunu, ukuhlanza okanye uhudo olugqithiseleyo okanye oluhlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweveki
- Ukukhathala okungachazwanga kuhlala ixesha elide kuneveki
- Ukuvuvuka kwesisu sakho
> Imithombo:
> Axley P, Ahmed Z, uRavi S, Singal AK. I-Hepatitis C Intsholongwane kunye neHepatocellular Carcinoma: Ukuhlaziywa Okulandelanayo. J Clin Uguqule iHepatol. 2018 uMar 28; 6 (1): 79-84. i-doi: 10.14218 / JCTH.2017.00067. Epub 2017, Dec 17.
> I-Bazerbachi F, i-Leise MD, i-Watt KD, i-Murad MH, i-Prokop i-LJ, i-Haffar S. Ukuphononongwa kwakhona kwe-cryoglobulinemia enxulumene nosuleleko lwe-hepatitis E: ulwalamano okanye umonakalo? I-Gastroenterol Rep (i-Oxf). 2017 Aug; 5 (3): 178-184. i-doi: 10.1093 / gastro / gox021. Epub 2017 Meyi 19.
> Bush H, Golabi P, Otgonsuren M, Rafiq N, Venkatesan C, Younossi ZM. Iinjongo ezingenayo i-Nonalcoholic Fatty Liverly to Increase in Cases of Liver Disease kumasebe angxamisekileyo eMelika. J Clin Gastroenterol. Ngo-2018 uMatshi wama-30: i-10.1097 / iMGG.0000000000001026. [Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta]