Ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwe-Hepatitis C Iziganeko zeeNgcaciso zeNtsholongwane kaGenesis
Kukho iintlobo ezili-11 ezihlukeneyo zofuzo (i-genotype) yegciwane lesifo se-hepatitis C (i-HCV) ehlabathini, nangona i-prevalence ephezulu ibonakala nge-genotypes 1 ukuya ku-7. Ukongeza kule nto, i-genotype nganye ingaphinda iphulwe phantsi kwiincinci ezithile, zihlelwa ngamanani (umzekelo, i-HCV genotype 1a okanye 1b).
I-Genotyping ibonwa njengento ebalulekileyo njengoko inceda oogqirha ukuba bafumane ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi eziza kusebenza ngokuthe ngempumelelo kwiintsholongwane zakho ezithile (okanye iintsholongwane ukuba unesifo esingaphezu kwe-HCV genotype).
Inkqubo yokuchonga ayifuni nto ngaphandle kokuvavanywa kwegazi elula, isampula yayo ehlaziywa ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji eyaziwa njenge- polymerase chain response (PCR) .
Genotype 1
I-Genotype 1 iyona nto ixhaphakileyo ye-HCV kwi-North America ne-Yurophu kunye ne-80% yazo zonke iintsholongwane kwi-US Genotype 1 izifo zibhekwa phakathi kwezona zinto zinzima ukunyanga, nangona i-anti-virus ye-anti-virus (DAAs) esandula ngokuthe amazinga kulawo mabini asanda kuphathwa kunye nezigulane eziphathwe ngaphambili. I-HCV ye-genotype 1 ingaphinda iphulwe ibe ngamacandelwana 1a, 1b, kunye no-1c.
Genotype 2
I-Genotype 2 ngowona wesibini oqhelekileyo kwi-HCV genotype e-US, eqikelelwa malunga ne-10% yokhuseleko. Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwama-DAA, kwakungenye ye-genotypes ephathwe ngokulula, kunye nezigulane ezine-80% ithuba lokufumana impatho yokugcina igciwane (SVR) ehambelana nokunyanga. Namhlanje, eso sibalo sisondele kwi-90% kwizigulane ezininzi ezaphathwa ngaphambili kwaye ziphezulu kuma-99% kwizigulane ezandul 'ukuphaphazeleka.
I-Genotype 2 nayo inezigaba ezintathu eziphambili: 2a, 2b, no-2c.
Genotype 3
I-Genotype 3 yindawo ehlala e-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia kwaye ingabonakali ngokungaqhelekanga kulo lonke elase-Australia, eNdiya nakwamanye amanxweme aseMpuma Ekude. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nama-6% aseMerika anama-HCV ye-genotype 3, engakwazi ukwehla zibe zimbini eziphambili: 3a no-3b.
Genotype 4
I-Genotype 4 ixhaphake kakhulu e-Afrika, eMbindi Mpuma, nakumazwe ambalwa aseMpuma ye-Europe. IYiputa inombolo ephakamileyo kakhulu yabantu abanentsholongwane ye-genotype 4, kunye nenani elikhulu leHCV ehlabathini. Inqanaba eliphezulu lamayeza e-HCV kule mimandla yeengxelo, inxalenye enkulu, kwintsholongwane yezohlukeneyo zofuzo, eziquka ii-subtypes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, ne-4e.
Genotype 5
I-Genotype 5 ininzi ibonakala kwintshona ye-Afrika kwaye ibonwa ngokuba neyantlukwano elincinci kunye ne-subtype eyodwa: 5a.
Genotype 6
I-Genotype 5 iyaxhaphaka e-China, eHong Kong, nakwamanye amazwe asezantsi-mpuma Asia. Njenge-genotype 5, kukho enye i-subtype eyintloko: 6a.
Genotype 7
I-Genotype 7 yongezwa kwiinkcukacha zoluntu ngo-2014 kwaye ngoku sele ichongwa eThailand naseDemocratic Republic of Congo. Inomxholo oyintloko: 7a.
Ukongezelela, i-genotypes 9, 10 ne-11 zichongiwe, nangona ukusuleleka kuye kwaxhomekeka kwiindawo zaseVietnam kunye nakwiindawo zase-Indonesia.
I-HCV Treatment nguGenotype
Ngokuza kwe-anti-virus ye-anti-virus, izigulane zineendlela ezininzi zokwelapha ze-HCV. Okwangoku, i-US Food and Drug Administration iye yamkela ii-DAA ezilandelayo ukusetyenziswa kwizigulane ezine-HCV i-genotypes 1-4 kunye no-6:
- I-Daklinza (daclatasvir) : i-HCV i-genotype 3
- IHarvoni (i-sofusbuvir + ledipasvir) : i-HCV i-genotype 1
- I-Sovaldi (sofusbuvir) : i-HCV i-genotype 1, 2, 3 ne-4
- I-Technivie (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir) : i-HCV i-genotype 4
- Viekira Pak (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir ehlanganiswe ne-dasabuvir) : i-HCV genotype 1
- U-Olysio (simeprevir) : i-HCV genotype 1
- I-Zepatier (grazoprevir + elbasvir): i-HCV i-genotype 1, 4 ne-6
Imithombo:
I-Rockstruh, J. "Isishwankathelo esivela kwi-EASL 2015 nge-Hepatitis C Yonke inkunkuma ye-HCV ye-DAA eya kwindlela yokwenza ubuchule: kusekuninzi ukufunda." Umhlangano we-50 we-European Association for Study of the Liver (EASL). Ngo-Apreli 22-26, 2015; EVienna, eAustria.
INational Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "I-Hepatitis C engapheliyo: Ulawulo lwangoku kwezifo."
Isebe leMerika yeeMfazwe. "I-Hepatitis C Genotype."