I-immune globulin, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-IG, yindlela ephawulekayo yokwelashwa kwegciwane. Yinto equlethwe ngamanzi amaninzi aqokelelwa kwigazi elihlanjululwe ngamakhulu abantu abangasetyenziselwa ukukhusela umntu kwisifo esithile. Ekubeni iGI iqulethe iintsholongwane, inokukunceda ukunciphisa ubunzima besifo okanye ukukhusela ekuphuhliseni.
Yintoni eyenza i-IG iluncedo gqitha kukuba inokukhusela ngaphambi okanye emva kokuba uye wabonakala kwisifo esithile.
IG isebenza njani?
Igazi liyinkimbinkimbi, efana neyomzimba eyenziwe ngamaseli (amangqamuzana egazi abomvu kunye neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi) ezijikelezayo kwi-protein-rich fluid ebizwa ngokuthi "i-plasma," enezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo ezikhusela kwizifo. I-IG yenziwe kwi-plasma ingxenye yegazi, eqokelelwa kubancinci abangama-1,000 ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwee-antibodies kuphelile. I-plasma ihlambulukile, eyenza ikhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa.Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe-IG kunye ne-Vaccine?
I-IG yinto eyenziwa ngama-antibodies akwenziwa ngokwemvelo ngumzimba ukukhusela kwizifo ezithile. I-vaccine yinto eyenziwa yintsholongwane okanye ibhaktheriya ekhuthaza umzimba ukuba wenze amaninzi omzimba.Xa ufumana umthamo we-IG, ufumana ama-antibodies akulungele ukuqala ukusebenza ngokukhusela umzimba wakho.
Kodwa ke, iigciwane zifuna iintsholongwane ezingenakwenziwa okanye ibhaktheriya ukuba ziqale zivuselele umzimba wakho wokuzivikela ukuba uqalise ukuvelisa izikhuhlane. Oku kuchaza ukuba kutheni i-IG iqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuba kutheni i-IG inikezela kuphela iinyanga ezimbalwa zokukhusela (ngokuqhelekileyo malunga neenyanga ezintathu), ngelixa iigcino zithatha iiveki eziliqela ukuba ziphumelele kodwa zikhusele iminyaka.
Ndifumana njani IG?
Ininzi IG inikezwa njengengxube ye-intramuscular. Ingumthombo oqhekezayo, ngoko ujojowe kwisisipha esikhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo kwelinye lamatye abantu abadala okanye phambi kwethanga kubantwana). Udonga linikezwa ngumongikazi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha.Ngaba IG Safe?
Ewe, i-IG ithathwa njengekhuselekile kakhulu, kuba iimpendulo ezinzulu kwiqondo elithile aziqhelekanga. Ekubeni i-IG yindawo eqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ibuhlungu buhlungu ngexesha okanye emva kwentsholongwane, kodwa le nto yintlungu encinci. Ezinye iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ziyaxhamla, iintloko, iintlanzi kunye neentlanzi. Ukuphendula okunzulu kunokubandakanya intlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumula ubunzima okanye i-anaphylaxis, kodwa ayiqhelekanga kakhulu. I-IG ayinayo i-thimerosal kwaye ivavanyelwa i-microbes ephethe igazi, kuquka i- syphilis , i- hepatitis B , i- hepatitis C kunye ne- HIV . Ukongezelela, urhulumente wase-US ufuna abavelisi ukuba balandele iinkqubo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela, eziqinisekisa ukuba iGG ayifuzanga izifo. I-IG ikhuselekile kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini abancancisayo.I-IG ayikhuthazwa kwabanye abantu. Oku kubandakanya abantu abaneembali zempembelelo ezinzulu kwi-IG kunye nabantu abane-thrombocytopenia enzima.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeGG?
Ewe, ukongeza kwi-IG rhoqo, kukho i-globulin ene-hyperimmune, efana ne-immune globulin ngaphandle kokuba ininzi ye-antibody ethile kunokusasazwa kweendidi ze-antibodies. Kukho i-IG elungiselelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukuba isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, ebizwa ngokuthi "IGIV."Ngaba i-Viral Hepatitis iqhutywe ne-IG?
I-immune globulin ifumaneka ukunyanga i-hepatitis A kunye ne-hepatitis B.Imithombo:
Dienstag, JL. I-Hepatitis enobuGciwane. Ku: AS Fauci, E Braunwald, DL Kasper, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, J Loscaizo (eds), i -Principals of Medicine Internal , 17e. ENew York, kuMcGraw-Hill, ngo-2008.
I-Pickering, uLK (ed), Incwadi Ebomvu: Ingxelo yeKomiti yeZifo ezithathelwanayo , ngomhla wama-26 e. I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics, 2003. 54-56.
Sjogren, MH. I-Hepatitis A. Ku: M Feldman, uLS Friedman, uLJ Brandt (eds), izifo zesisu kunye nezifo zesifo , 8e. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2006. 1639.