I-COPD kunye noNengozi, iMpawu, kunye noTyango lweChre Cancer
Ukuba unayo i-COPD, usenokuba uvile ukuba i-COPD "yingozi yokuzimela" yomdlavuza wemiphunga. Ithetha ntoni le nto? Unxulumene njani neCOPD kunye nomhlaza wamaphaphu?
Sibanzi
Siyazi ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kweCOPD nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Emva koko, imbangela ebalulekileyo yezi zibini ziguba. Nangona kunjalo, yiyiphi abantu abaninzi abangaqapheliyo kukuba ukudibanisa phakathi kweCOPD nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kudlula ngaphantsi kwesizathu esifana nokutshaya .
Abasoze bamtshaya abaneCOPD banakho amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunokuba bangabikho ababhema ngaphandle kweCOPD. Abantu abaneCOPD nabomsi banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunabantu abavutha umlinganiselo ofanayo kodwa abanakho i-COPD. Enyanisweni, phakathi kwabantu abatshaya umsi, i-COPD yingozi enkulu yokuphucula umdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ukongeza kwiCOPD ibe ngumngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga, kukho ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo (kubini kwababantu abaneCOPD kunye nalabo abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu.) Ukuba i-COPD ingenza kube nzima ukuqonda iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga, ngoko ke, ukubambezela ukuxilongwa. Ngelo xesha, siyazi ukuba ukuhlaselwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kubhetele ngaphambili. Xa sele ufumene umhlaza wemiphunga, i-COPD inokuphazamisa nokunyanga okusemandleni omhlaza. Yintoni ofunekayo ukuba uyazi ukuba unayo iCOPD, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, okanye zombini?
Yintoni iCOPD?
Ngaphambi kokuhamba phambili, kubalulekile ukucacisa oko sithethayo ngesifo esingapheliyo sesiphene okanye iCOPD.
I-COPD iqela lezifo ezibonakaliswe ukukhutshwa kwe-airways emiphakeni. Ngokuphambene nokukhutshwa kwe-airways eguquguqukayo (njenge-asthma) ukuphazamiseka kwiCOPD ayinakuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo kunyango. Ukongezelela, esi sifo sisoloko siqhubela phambili (siba sibi kakhulu) ngaphezu kwexesha.
Nangona iCOPD yegama eliqhelekileyo lisetyenziswe ukuchaza inhlanganisela ye-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo, izifo ezichazwe njengeCOPD ziquka:
- I-Emphysema -Emphysema isifo esingapheliyo samaphaphu esibonakaliswe ngumonakalo kwi- alveoli , ezincinane izikhwama zomoya ekupheleni kwendlela yokuhamba yomoya apho kukho utshintshi lwe-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide. Ukulahleka kwe-e-alveoli kubangela ukuba u-air afakwe kwi-alveoli. Oku, kubangela ukuba i-alveoli ikhule kwaye iphule, ibangele umonakalo kunye nokukhawulwa.
- I-bronchitis engapheliyo-I-bronchitis engapheliyo yimeko ebonakaliswa ukuvuvukala nokukhwela kwe-airways. Olu kuvutha luphumela ekubumbeni ukuqokelela kwi-airways, ukuxhuma i-airways kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubangela ukusuleleka kwezifo.
- I-Bronchiectasis-Isimo esivame ukubangelwa izifo zamaphaphu eziphindaphindiweyo ebuntwaneni, i-bronchiectasis ibangela ukukhula kunye nokukhawulwa kwemimoya yomoya.
I-COPD-Ingozi Ezimeleyo Yomhlaza We-Lung
Njengoko kuphawuliwe kwangaphambili, i-COPD ayiyona nje ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa inokuba yingozi enkulu. Ukuba ngumntu "ozimeleyo" mngcipheko kuthetha ukuba into inokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu kuphela-ngokwawo ngokwawo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba abantu ababini abazange bavume kwaye omnye u-COPD, lowo noCOPD uya kuba nempumelelo kakhulu yokuphucula umdlavuza wamaphaphu kunomntu ongenayo i-COPD.
Kuthetha ukuba ukuba abantu ababini bashunqisa inani elifanayo lalafidi yeenombolo eziyiminyaka, lowo ophethe i-COPD kakhulu unokufumana umhlaza wemiphunga kuneyena ngaphandle kweCOPD.
Kukho izifundo ezili-12 ezifumene i-COPD ukuba ibe ngumngcipheko ozimele ozimele ngomhlaza wamaphaphu, nangona isantya somngcipheko sichaphazelekayo kwaye iindawo ezivela kwi-2-fold incinci yandisa ingozi engama-10, ngokubanzi, kubonakala ukuba iCOPD iphakamisa umngcipheko weCOPD 2-phinda ukuya kwi-4-fowuni ekukhanyeni ukuya kubomngcipheko ophakathi kwaye ungabikho ababhemayo, kwaye nakwezinye ukutshaya.
Izibalo kunye nokuFama
Xa ukhangela iinkcukacha malunga neCOPD nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubalulekile kwinqanaba lokuqala ukuba zezi zifo ziqhele kangakanani eUnited States.
I-Cancer yimbangela yesibini yokubangela ukufa kwabantu base-US (emva kwesifo senhliziyo) kunye nomhlaza womphunga yimbangela enye yokufa komdlavuza ebabini nabasetyhini. I-COPD ngoku ithathwa njengeyesi-3 okanye yesine imbangela yokufa e-US Kwizigidi ezili-11 zaseMerika ziye zafumanisa ukuba zikhona neCOPD kwaye zicinga ukuba inani elikhulu kakhulu lamaMerika lihlala neCOPD engakafumaneki. Oku kuguqulela kwiibhozo ezisibhozo ukuya kweyeshumi kubemi abanomlinganiselo othile weCOPD kunye nenani eliphakama ukuya kwi-10 ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini kwababhemayo.
Izifundo ziyahluka kwinani elichanekileyo, kodwa kucingelwa ukuba abantu abangama-40 ukuya kuma-70 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu baneCOPD. Akunabo bonke aba bantu abanokufumana ukuxilongwa kweCOPD, kodwa iimvavanyo zomsebenzi we-pulmonary zibonisa ubungqina beCOPD kwininzi yabantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Phakathi kwalabo abaneCOPD, malunga neepesenti enye iya kuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngamnye ngonyaka.
Izifo eziqhubekayo
Siyazi ukuba i-COPD yandisa ingozi yomhlaza wamaphaphu kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukutshaya, kodwa kwenzeka ntoni oku? Kukho iingcamango ezininzi.
Enye inkolelo kukuba kukho imfuza yemfuza efana neCOPD kunye nomdlavuza wemiphunga. Ngamanye amazwi, kukho ukuxhoba kwe-genetic ephazamisayo eyenza abanye abantu bakwazi ukuvelisa zombini kwezi zifo. Omnye umzekelo, i-heritage heritage- alpha-1-antitrypsin ukukhubazeka kwandisa umngcipheko weCOPD kunye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa mhlawumbi ukuba kukho izidalwa ezininzi zemvelo eziza kucaciswa.
Enye ingcamango kukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-cilia kwi-airways ebangelwa yimiphumo ye-COPD ekwenzeni ukwanda kwe-airways kwizinto ezibangelwa ngumhlaza (i- carcinogens .) I-cilia yincinci ezincinci ezinjengeenqwelo zomoya ezisebenzela ukususa i-toxic indlela eya emoyeni. Le cilia isebenzisa ukunyakaza okunjengomtsalane ukuqhubela iincinci ezincinci kunye nokuphuma kwindlela yokuhamba yomoya apho ziya kugonywa khona. Amakhemikhali amaninzi kwimonakalo yomsi we-cigarettes aze aphelise i-cilia. Ngokuphikelela kwi-airways, la ma-carcinogens angaba neenkululeko zokubangela ukuba utshintsho olugqibeleni lubangela ukuba iseli lempompo eliphilileyo libe ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza (umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa i-oncogenes okanye ukuxinzelela i- gonor suppressor genes .)
Kanti enye inkolelo kukuba ukutshabalalisa okungapheliyo kwi-airways ehlobene neCOPD kunokukhokelela kumdlavuza wamaphaphu. Siyazi ukuba ukuvuvukala okungapheli ngamanye amaxesha kungakhokelela kumdlavuza, umzekelo ngomhlaza wesisu kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
Iimpawu
Ukufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu kumanqanaba okuqala kunokunyusa kakhulu ukunyuka, kodwa de kube siphumelele ukuhlolwa kovavanyo lwabantu bonke, kufuneka sihlale sithembele ekuboneni iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wemiphunga .
Ingxaki kukuba ezininzi iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga "ziqhelekileyo" iimpawu phakathi kwabo bahlala neCOPD. Ngokomzekelo, zombini izifo zivame ukudala ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo , ukuphefumula okufutshane , ukuphazamiseka kwemiphunga, kunye nokulahleka komzimba.
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu namhlanje lunokwenza ukuba ukuhlukana kube nzima nakakhulu. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, i- squamous cell carcinoma yamaphaphu kunye nomdlavuza omncinci wamangqamuzana omnxeba wawuqhelekileyo. Ezi khansela zivame ukukhula kufuphi ne-airways enkulu yamaphaphu kwaye kubangele iimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela igazi (okungafani neCOPD.)
Ngokwahlukileyo, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu olufunyenweyo namhlanje lungumaphaphu we-adenocarcinoma . Ezi ngqanda zivame ukukhula kwimida yemiphunga, kwaye ngoko, ukuphucula ukuphefumula okufutshane, ngokuqhelekileyo kwintsebenzo yokuqala, kudla ngokuba ngumqondiso wokuqala. Le dyspnea (ukuvakalelwa komoya okufutshane) efunyenwe neCOPD inokubonakala ifana kakhulu nokuphefumula okungahle kumemezele umhlaza wemiphunga.
Unyango
I-COPD ibonakala nje ingumngcipheko weCOPD (kwaye ufumane ukuxilongwa kunzima ngakumbi) kodwa ukuphathwa komhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba nzima. Abantu abaneCOPD abanako ukunyamezela unyango olunjengophando lomhlaza womphunga okanye unyango lwe-radiation olunokuba ngumthamo wemiphunga.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba unyango, nangona utyando, nangona kunjalo, lunokwenzeka kubantu abane-COPD emnene okanye ephakathi. Ukuba unayo i-COPD kwaye uxilongwa ngumhlaza wemiphunga, qiniseka ukufumana ugqirha oza kusebenza kunye neCOPD yakho ukuphatha umhlaza wakho wemiphunga. Unokucinga ngoku okufana nabantu abadala aseba nomhlaza wamaphaphu . Kuye kucatshulwe ukuba abantu abadala abakwazi ukunyamezela ukuxhatshazwa komhlaza. Nangona kunjalo izifundo zifumanisa ukuba abantu asebekhulile, ngokukodwa abo banesimo esihle sokusebenza , esithetha ukuba bahlala ngokuzimeleyo, abanakho nje ukufumana izinga lokusinda kangcono kodwa ubomi obubhetele xa baphathwa ngomhlaza wabo.
Yintoni ongayenza Ukuba unayo iCOPD
Ukuba unayo iCOPD, xela ugqirha wakho ngomngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu. Fumana ukuba kwaye xa kufuneka uhlolwe, kwaye ujwayelane nempawu kunye neempawu zesifo. Unakekele impilo yakho, kungekhona nje ukunciphisa nayiphi na ingozi enokuthi ube nayo ngomhlaza wemiphunga kodwa uqinisekise ukuba unempilo enokwenzeka xa kufuneka uhlakulele isifo.
Ucwaningo lukaJanuwari ngo-2017 lubonise ukuba i- corticosteroids ephezulu ekhuselekileyo ingaba nefuthe ekukhuseleni nokuphuhliswa komhlaza wemiphunga kubantu abaneCOPD. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufunyanwa kunye naluphina uphando olutsha malunga nesihloko.
Ukuhlolwa kweCarcer Lung
Kucingelwa ukuba ukuba wonke umntu odibene neendlela zokujonga ukuhlolwa komhlaza wamaphaphu, izinga lokufa (izinga lokufa) ukusuka kumdlavuza wamaphaphu linokunqunyulwa ngama-20 ekhulwini e-United States. Okwangoku, ukuphononongwa komhlaza wamaphaphu kunconywa ukuba:
- Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-80
- Abantu abanomlando we- pack we-30 wokupasa
- Abantu abaqhubeka beshiya okanye bayeka kwiminyaka eyi-15 edlulileyo
Nangona i-COPD ingumngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga , azikho izikhokelo ezichazwe xa umntu efuna ukuhlola. Thetha nogqirha wakho njengoko oku kuya kutshintshwa kwixesha elizayo.
Inqaku elijongene nalabo abaneCOPD okanye i-Lung Cancer
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo uneCOPD, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, zombini iimeko, okanye akukho mqathango-ngamanye amagama, wonke umntu- ezinye zeengongoma ezibalulekileyo ukugcina engqondweni:
Ukuba unomdlavuza we-COPD (kodwa awukho umdlavuza wamaphaphu) -Umgca ophantsi kubantu abaneCOPD kufuneka uqaphele ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Thetha ugqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa komhlaza wamaphaphu ekukhumbuleni ukuba asinakho izikhokelo zokuskrini abantu abane-COPD ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuqwalasela ngononophelo iimpawu kunye neempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga uze ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba uhlakulele naziphi na ezi (musa ukugxotha iimpawu zakho zicinga ukuba zibangelwa iCOPD yakho.) Zizinyame, ubone ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingozi yobungozi umhlaza wamaphaphu onokutshintsha. Umzekelo, ukuba awukhange uhlolisise ikhaya lakho nge-radon, yenza njalo ngoko nangoko. Ukunyamekela umzimba wakho akunakunciphisa kuphela umngcipheko kodwa kuya kukubeka kwindawo engcono xa uhlakulela umhlaza wamaphaphu. Thetha ugqirha wakho malunga nokulawulwa kweCOPD yakho, kwaye ubuze oko acinga malunga nezifundo ezibonisa ukuba i-corticosteroids enganyanzelwangayo inganciphisa ingozi yomhlaza womphunga.
Ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu (kodwa awukho iCOPD) - Ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu (kodwa ungafumaniswanga ngeCOPD) kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uninzi lwabantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu banomlinganiselo othile weCOPD (kodwa kungenzeka ukuba ufunyenwe.) Oku kuyinyaniso nokuba awuzange uphe Xa sisondela kwonyango lomhlaza, kuyaqhelekileyo ukuba yonke into ifakwe kwi-burner yangemuva, kodwa ukuba ube nempilo enokwenzeka xa ujongene nokunyangwa kwakho komhlaza, kubalulekile ukuphatha i-COPD yakho ukuba unayo.
Ukuba unomdlavuza weCOPD kunye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu - Ukuba unomdlavuza wesi- COPD kunye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kubalulekile ukuba ube ngummeli wakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo xa umntu eneemeko ezimbini ezahlukileyo, omnye ubeka kwi-burner yangemuva. Kanti kunjalo zombini le miqathango kufuneka ilandelwe ngokulinganayo ukuze ikunike umgangatho obalulekileyo wokuphila.
Ukuba awunayo i-COPD okanye umdlavuza wamaphaphu - Nangona ungenayo i-COPD okanye umhlaza womphunga, ulwazi olukule nqaku lubalulekile. Kucingelwa ukuba ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kweCOPD kubalulekile ukuba ukhangele umdlavuza wamaphaphu-uqaphele iimpawu zomhlaza wamaphaphu kunye nokuhlola i-CT xa kufanelekile. Oku kubalulekile ukuba okanye awuyi kubhema. Umdlavuza womlenze ongabikho ababhemayo ngoku ungowesi-6 ekhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abachaphazeleka ngumhlaza e-United States kunye neCOPD.
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