Ukunyamekela Inhliziyo: Iinkqubo Eziqhelekileyo Zenhliziyo

Ngaphambi, Ngexesha & Emva kokuphelelwa kwentliziyo

Ukuvulwa kwenhliziyo

Utyando lwenhliziyo lwenziwa ngezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nemigangatho esuka kwiinkqubo ezincinci ezingenayo kunye neendlela ezincinci zokususa ngokwenene intliziyo nokuyifakela ngentliziyo yintliziyo ngexesha lokutshintshwa kokugcina ubomi. Kukho ezininzi iintlobo zeentliziyo zonyango kwaye ngamnye uyingqayizivele njengomntu

Uninzi lweentliziyo zenziwa ngento efana ngokufanayo: zenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele , efuna ukuba isigulane singenakunyulwa kwaye sibheke umoya .

Ezinye iinkqubo ezincinci ezingenayo, ezifana nokubeka i-stents okanye i-pacemaker, zingenziwa kunye nokunakekelwa kwe-anesthesia , eyaziwa ngokuba yi-twilight sleep but intliziyo evulekileyo rhoqo isebenzisa i-anesthesia epheleleyo.

Ngaphambi kokuba Utyando Lwenhliziyo

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe ugqirha wakho ngobulumko . Kwinkoliso yamatyala, utyando luya kwenziwa ngudokotela ogqirha . Ugqirha ochanekileyo uya kuthatha ixesha lokuxoxa ngeengozi eziqhelekileyo zokuhlinzwa kunye neengozi zokuhlinzwa ngentliziyo kunye nokukunceda ukuba ubone ukuba ukuhlinzwa kuyimfuneko.

Intliziyo Yentliziyo

Ukwazi indlela intliziyo isebenza ngayo kubalulekile ekuqondeni inkqubo oyenayo. Intliziyo yenziwe ngamagatya amane kunye namagumbi amane ahambisa igazi emzimbeni. Ukuba nayiphi na inxalenye yentliziyo yonakaliswe okanye ingasebenzi, ikhondo legazi ngentliziyo linokutshintshwa, linciphise ukusebenza kwalo.

Utshintsho kwimisebenzi yentliziyo lunokubangelwa ubuthathaka, ukukhathala, izithintelo zentliziyo ezingavumelekanga kunye namaqhekeza egazi.

Inhliziyo iyinkqubo enzima kwaye ingaba nzima ukuyiqonda, kodwa uthathe ixesha lokufunda ukuba kutheni ufuna inkqubo, ukuba utyando lwenziwa kwaye yintoni onokulindela ukuyitshintsha emva kokuba unyango lufanelekile ukuba utyalomali lwexesha luya kufuna.

Ukuvulwa kwenhliziyo

Ukuvulwa kwentliziyo kwintlobo yonyango lwenhliziyo efuna ukuba intliziyo ibonakaliswe ukwenzela ukwenza inkqubo. Kule meko, i-sternum (ithambo lesifuba) linqunywe kwisiqingatha sentsholongwane ukuze isifuba sikwazi ukuvulwa, okwenza intliziyo ibonakale. I-pericardium isuswe kude entliziyweni, unike ugqirha ofikeleleko ngqo.

Iinkqubo ezingekho phantsi ezincinci zokuvula iinkqubo zentliziyo ziphuculwa rhoqo imihla, okubangelwa kwii-operesenti ezingenziwa ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Omnye umzekelo wokuhlinzwa okhoyo ngoku usebenzisa indlela yokunciphisa i-Minzally invasive inkqubo yenkqubo ye- MAZE , utyando olunceda ukulawula i-fibrillation ye-atrial .

Ukulungiswa Kweentliziyo Zobunzima

Iziphene zentliziyo ebangelwayo ziimeko ezikhoyo ekuzalweni. Zivela kwiingxaki ezincinci ukuya kwiingxaki ezisongela ubomi ezimele zilungiswe ukuze umntwana aphile.

Indlela Yokulungiselela Abantwana Ukuhlinzwa

Ukulungisa iVilve Heart and Replacement

Iiplavini zentliziyo zisebenza ukugcina igazi lihamba ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokusebenzisa intliziyo nemiphunga. Ukuba zonakaliswe okanye zingasebenzi kakuhle, ukugeleza kungaphazamiseka, kubangele imiba emincinci, njengentliziyo eguncuzelayo , okanye izifo ezibi kakhulu zeentliziyo ezinjenge- mitral valve prolapse okanye i-endocarditis.

Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu beengxaki, ukulungiswa kweerveve okanye ukutshintshwa kwe-valve kunokufuneka. Kukho ezininzi iintlobo zengxowankulu yentliziyo ye-valve okwi-market, ugqirha wakho kufuneka akwazi ukukukhokela ngokukhetha kwakho. Ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuba uthathe abaxakeli begazi ukukhusela amaqhosha emva kokuhlinzwa kwentliziyo .

Ukuguqulwa kwentliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa kwintliziyo ngenye yezinto eziphambili zokuhlinzwa zentliziyo ezenziwa namhlanje. Ukutshintshwa kwentshukumo kwenziwa xa intliziyo ibonakaliswe kakubi, okanye isebenza kakubi, ukuba isiguli asiyi kuphila ngaphandle kwenhliziyo entsha. Ukuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukunika umzimba ngegazi elaneleyo, ifowuni efana ne-LVAD ukulawula iimpawu zokwahluleka kwentliziyo ye-congestive, okanye i-ECMO ingasetyenziselwa ukuxhasa umsebenzi wenhliziyo de kube yintliziyo yomnikeli.

Ukuguqulwa kwentliziyo

Intliziyo iqhutywe ukuhlinzwa , eyaziwa nangokuthi i- coronary artery bypass grafting okanye i-CABG, idlula imirhoxo ekhutshweyo eyenza isondlo senhliziyo. Xa izitya zonakaliswe yi- atherosclerosis kunye / okanye i-arteriosclerosis , igazi elingaphantsi lifikelela entliziyweni. Xa ukukhutshwa kubanzi kunzima, okanye ayiphenduli kwonyango elincinci elincinci elinjengeentente, intlungu yesifuba okanye nokuba nesifo senhliziyo singabangela.

Ukugqithisa i- aronary arteries kwandisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-heart muscle kwaye kunceda ukuthintela umonakalo ovela okanye obunzima. Utyando luyenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini, enye isebenzisa umshini we- heart-lung bypass (ekupompo) kunye nezinye zenziwa ngaphandle komatshini (ukucima umpu).

Ugqirha lwePakemaker

Ukuze kucace, ukuhlinzwa kwe-pacemaker akuyona inkqubo yenhliziyo evulekileyo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo iphosakele enye. Ngombulelo, utyando lwe-pacemaker ngenye yezinto ezincinci zokuhlinzwa kweentliziyo, kwaye ayifuni ukuba isifuba sivule ngokupheleleyo njengoko senziwa kwiinkqubo zentliziyo evulekile. Kunoko, i-pacemaker iyanqabile phantsi kwesikhumba esifuba kwaye i-electrodes ifakwe ngeendlela ezincinci.

Kukho iintlobo zeentlobo zeentlanzi , nganye eyenzelwe ukuhambelana nenjongo eyahlukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye- pacemaker implantation iyafana, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-pacemaker.

Ubomi Emva kokuphefumula kwe-Pacemaker

Emva kokuphelelwa kwentliziyo

Xa ukuhlinzwa kwentliziyo yakho kuphelile , kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezifunekayo ukuze kuphuluke kakhulu . Ukunakekelwa kokunyaniseka okulungileyo kubalulekile. Ukugcina ukucoceka nokucocekileyo kuya kunceda ukukhusela ukusuleleka ngexesha lokuphucula, kunye nokuphulukiswa ngokukhawuleza.

Izinto ezilula kakhulu ziba zibaluleke kakhulu emva kokuhlinzwa kwentliziyo, umzekelo omnye wale nto ugcina amathambo akho ahamba. Ukuqanjwa emva kokuhlinzwa kwentliziyo kunokuba yingozi. Ukuhlambulula ukuba neentshukumo emva kokuhlinzwa kunokubeka intlungu enkulu entliziyweni, kwaye kufuneka igwenywe. Kwaye ukunyuka ukusuka kwindawo ehleliyo kunokufuna inkqubo ekhethekileyo, ukubethelela ukukhangela kwakho ngomqulo ukuze unike inkxaso.

Emva kwenkqubo yakho, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo ukukunceda ukuba ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho eqhelekileyo.

Imithombo:

Ukuvulwa kwenhliziyo. Isibhedlele Sezingane ZaseCincinnati. Kufumaneka ngo-Ephreli, 2009. http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/heart-encyclopedia/treat/surg/open.htm

Ziziphi Iingozi Zobomi Beentliziyo? I-Heart Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute. Kufumaneka ngo-Apreli, 2009. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hs/hs_risk.html