Ukuqonda Ukunyangwa Kwentliziyo
Ukuhlinzwa ngentliziyo emithathu yintliziyo yintliziyo evulekileyo eyenziwa xa imithwalo yegazi ephazamisa intliziyo ivalwe kakhulu ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Olu hlobo lwenzululwazi yintliziyo luvame ukuqhutywa njengenkqubo yentliziyo evulekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha uvula isifuba ukuze ubone intliziyo kunye nokuhlinzwa.
Utyando luyakwenziwa njengenkqubo encinci ye-invasive apho isifuba singavulwa.
Le nkqubo ayiqhelekanga ngaphezu kokuvulwa kwentliziyo evulekile, njengoko izigulane ezimbalwa zifanelekile ngokwenyama.
Inatomy of Human Heart
Ukuqonda inkqubo ephindwe kathathu, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinto ezimbalwa malunga nesimo senhliziyo nentliziyo yesifo. Imithambo yegazi ehambisa intliziyo kunye negazi layo libizwa ngokuba yimibhobho ye-coronary . Kwamanye abantu, iirriyari ze-coronary zivaliwe, imeko eyaziwa njenge- coronary artery disease .
Ukuba ukukhutshwa kukukhuselekile, kunokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwindawo yentliziyo esondliwa yiloo mkhumbi wegazi. Ukuyeka ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kunzima kakhulu-nangona emincinane yeemithanjeni zegazi-kuba kunokubangela intlungu yesifuba, ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, okanye nokufa.
I-Double, Triple, Quadruple, okanye i-Quintuple Bypass
Inani leenqanawa ezigulayo zifuna ukubala inani leetishi zee-grafts ezidinga iipaspas-eziza kwenziwa.
Ukuba iimpahla ezintathu zivaliwe kwaye zifuna ukuba zigqitywe, utyando lubhekiswa njengento ephindwe kathathu kuba iireferensi ezintathu zenziwa. Ukuba iimpahla ezimbini zigqityiwe utyando kuthiwa yi- doublepass , kunye njalo. Iinkqubo ze-Quintuple zokuhamba, apho iinqwelo ezintlanu zigqityiweyo, azifaneki, kodwa iinqwelo ezine ezine-quadruple bypass ziqhelekileyo.
Ukongeza kwimingcipheko ye-anesthesia jikelele , izingozi ezihambelanayo nenkqubo yentliziyo evulekileyo yanda kunye nenani leempahla ezifunekayo, njengoko utyando lithatha ixesha elide kwaye isifo se-coronary isifo esiphathwe kakhulu.
Yintoni enokuyilindela ngexesha loPhando lweNtshontsho yeentliziyo ezintathu
Kwiimeko ezininzi, isifo se-coronary isifo singaphathwa ngamachiza, ukuguquka kwendlela yokuphila, kunye neenkqubo ezincinci ezinjenge-placement of stents. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye izigulane ukucinywa (s) kunzima kangangokuthi utyando luyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba intliziyo iyaqhubeka ifumana ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo. Le nkqubo iyaziwa njengeyoronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) .
Eyenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, inqubo iqala ngemithambo yegazi ithathwa kwenye indawo yomzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo umlenze kunye nekhohlo lasekhohlo. Ukuvuna izivuno ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngumboneleli wonyango onjengomncedisi ugqirha (PA), ngelixa isahluko sesifuba senkqubo senziwa ngudokotela ogqirha we-cardio ngexesha elifanayo.
Ezi nqanawa zitshintshelwe kwisitya senhliziyo esele ngaphambi nangemva kokuvalwa. Akunjalo ngokukhawuleza kwinqwelo yakho imoto ithatha ukuthintela ingozi, kunye negazi ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba elivaliweyo.
Inxalenye yonke yenhliziyo evulekileyo yenkqubo idlalwa ngokusetyenziswa komshini wenhliziyo yompompo , owona mshini otyumbayo owenza umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga ngexesha lotyando. Udokotela ogqirha usebenza ngokukhawuleza ukukhawulela umlinganiselo wexesha isigulane esichitha "epompo," ukunciphisa iingxaki ezinokwenzeka.
Ukusetyenziswa kwalo mshini ngokubanzi kufuneke ukuba igazi elixhamliweyo kwaye lidla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze lihlawulele inani lemali kunye nefuthe eliphuma emzimbeni, libe yi-oxygen, kwaye libuyele emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abantu bafumanisa ukuba baye bafumana iipounds ezimbalwa kwaye banokufumanisa ukuba "baqhayisa" kwiintsuku ezilandelayo ukuhlinzwa.
Xa isigulane siphakanyisiwe kwaye sishukumisa, lo mkhuhlane ogqithiseleyo ushiya umzimba ngendlela yomchamo.
Emva kokuba ugqirha ugqibile inkqubo, iibhobho zesifuba zifakwe ukukhupha umkhuhlane onokuthi ungakhe ngaphakathi kwintliziyo kwaye ukhusele intliziyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle okanye ekuphiliseni. Ezi ziphulo ziyakususwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuhlinzwa. I-sternum (isifuba sesifuba) idibaniswa ndawonye usebenzisa ucingo olukhethekileyo lokucoca kwaye ulusu luvaliwe nge-sutures okanye kwi-staples.
Emva kokuvuthwa kwentliziyo
Ngokungafani nokuhlinzwa okukhulu, isigulane siyavunyelwa ukuba sivuke ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokwemvelo sisuka kwi-anesthesia, kunokuba unyango lunikezelwa ukuvusa isiguli. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kudla emva kweeyure ezine ukuya ezintandathu emva kokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba isigulane siqale siphapheme kwaye siqaphele, kwaye ibhubhu yokuphefumula ihlala ikhona kude kube ngelo xesha. Ngomhla wokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa, isetyenziswe kwinqununu yokunyamekela inhliziyo okanye i-ICU, apho oongikazi banako ukugcina iliso elijongene nesigulane njengoko beqala ukubuyisela.
Kwizigulane ezininzi, iinjongo zokuqala iiyure eziyi-12 zonyango azivusi nje kuphela kwaye zikhuphe ityhubhu yokuphefumla, kodwa uthathe amanyathelo ambalwa kwaye uhleli esihlalweni okungenani kanye kunye nokukhetha kabini. Le nkqubo ijolise ekungeneni kuphela inkqubo yokubuyisela, kodwa ukuthintela iingxaki ezinzulu ezifana ne-blood clots kunye ne-pneumonia.
Ukubuyiselwa Emva kokuvuthwa kwentliziyo
Ukubuyiselwa kulolu hlobo lwenkqubo kuya kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa esibhedlele kunye neenyanga eziliqela emva kokubuyela ekhaya. Kweminye, ukubuyiselwa kuya kubandakanya ukuvuselelwa kwenyama-umzimba owenziweyo phantsi kweso elilindileyo lonyango-ukuncedisa intliziyo. Kule nkoliso, ukuphulukana kuya kuthatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezi-12, kwaye kuya kugqiba ngokubuyela kwimisebenzi eyaye yavuya phambi kokuhlinzwa. Kwabanye, baya kukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi, njengoko umsebenzi wabo awuyi kuphelelwa yintlungu yesifuba.
ILizwi
Ukuva ukuba wena okanye othandekayo ufuna udlwengulo olunzima, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, engxaki. Ukukwazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kukunceda ulungiselele ukuhlinzwa kunye nokubuyisela emva koko. Gcina umda ovulekileyo wokunxibelelana nodokotela wakho kunye nodokotela-ogqirha-ungaxolisi ukubuza nokuxoxa ngeengcinga okanye imibuzo efika engqondweni. Ukuba unako, yizisa kunye nomthandayo ukukunceda uthathe amanqaku uze uqonde inkqubo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando luhamba ngokuthe tye kwaye uya kukwazi ukubuyela ebomini bakho bemihla ngemihla kunye nemisebenzi oyithandayo ngokukhawuleza-qiniseka ukuba ulandele indlela osebenza ngayo ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba emva kokuhlinzwa. Umzekelo, mhlawumbi ukutya nokusela akuvumelekanga kwiiyure ngaphambi kokuba utyando kwaye ukutya okunempilo kuyimfuneko emva kokuhlinzwa ukukhusela ingxaki ekubuyeni. Ingxenye yokubuyiselwa kukuphucula ukuguqula impilo-mhlawumbi kukuphucula ukutya kwakho okanye ukuzivocavoca ukuze uhlawule amathuba okuba ufune ukuhlinzwa okwesibini. Sebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye neqela lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze wenze isicwangciso esiluncedo kuwe.
Imithombo:
Yintoni iCoronary Artery Bypass Grafting? I-Heart Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cabg/cabg_whatis.html