I-asthma, iBronchitis, i-Pneumonia, i-Pleuritis
Phakathi kweengxaki ezininzi ezingekho zeengqondo ezingakwazi ukuvelisa intlungu yesifuba ziintlobo zeengxaki ezihambelana nemiphunga. Iingxaki ezininzi zamapulmonary zingavelisa - ngaphezu kweminye impawu - iintlungu ezibindiweyo zesifuba. Ezi ziquka ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuhamba nge-air njenge- asthma okanye i- bronchitis , ukusulelwa okanye ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga ngokwayo ( ukukhupha umphunga ), okanye ukuvuvukala kwimbane yemiphunga (ebizwa ngokuba yi-pleuritis okanye pleurisy ).
Ngethamsanqa, xa intlungu yesifuba ibangelwa yimpompo imeko, kaninzi kunzima ukuba ugqirha ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluchanekileyo. Ngoko le ntlungu yesifuba ayisoloko ididekile ngenxa yentlungu yesifuba ngenxa ye- angina okanye i- infyoction ye-myocardial .
Kufanelekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba intliziyo ayiyena kuphela into ebalulekileyo ebhokisini. Naliphi na le meko yepulmoni yinkxalabo enzulu yonyango efuna ingqalelo ngugqirha.
Ukuxakeka Kwisifuba Esivela Kwi-Asthma
Isifo se-asthma sisifo esingapheliyo apho i-airways idla ngokukhawuleza okanye icatshulwa, eyenza izihlunu zendlela yokuhamba emoyeni ziqhube, zikhokelela ekukhuselweni komoya. "Ukuhlaselwa" kwesifo se-asthma kunokubangelwa kukungcolisa umoya, ukuvutha emoyeni obandayo, ukuzisebenzisa-okanye ngokuqhelekileyo, kungabikho nto echongiweyo. Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, i-airways iyancipha, kwaye kuba nzima ukukhupha umoya kumaphaphu.
Ukongezelela kokuphefumula okufutshane, ukuqhuma nokukhwehlela, isifo se-asthma sinobuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, okanye intlungu yesifuba.
Ukuxinwa kwesifuba esifubeni kubangelwa yimizamo eyimfuneko yokuxosha umoya ngomoya okhuselekileyo, okhokelela ekukhatheni komzimba kunye noxinzelelo.
Kanye njengoko kunamanye amathambo, izihlunu zesifuba zibuhlungu xa zisetyenziswe.
Xa isiqhelo se-asthma siphucuke ngokwaneleyo, ukuqina kwesifuba kuya kuhamba-nangona kunokuhlala kubandezelekile kwimihla okanye ezimbini.
Ezi hlaselo ezinzima ze-asthma ziya kuncitshiswa kakhulu okanye zipheliswe ngonyango olwaneleyo .
Ukuxhatshazwa kwesifuba esivela kwiBronchitis
Njenga-asthma, i-bronchitis nayo yimeko ebonakalayo yokhuselo lwe-airways, nangona i-bronchitis isithintelo ngenxa yokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwimbane ye-airways kunye nokuqoqwa kwe-muscus, kunokuba kubekho ukunyanzelwa kwe-muscular. (Abantu abane-bronchitis engapheliyo, nangona kunjalo, kaninzi nabo banesigxina se-asthma.)
I-brronchitis inokuba yimeko enzima (ininzi idityaniswe nentsholongwane), okanye ingaba isifo esingapheliyo-uhlobo lwesifo esingapheliyo sesiphene.
Ngenxa yokuba yinto ephazamisayo yokukhupha umoya, ukungahambi kakuhle kwesifuba esifana ne-bronchitis kuyafana nokubangelwa yi-asthma.
Intlungu yesifuba esivela kwi-Pneumonia
I-pneumonia ukuvuvukala kwimizimba yamaphaphu ngokwayo, ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa isifo. I-pneumonia inokuvelisa intlungu yesifuba. Intlungu ibangelwa kubangelwa yimisipha yokukhwehlela ngokugqithiseleyo, okanye ukuvuvukala okunxulumene nomgca wemiphunga (pleurisy).
Intlungu yesifuba esivela kwiPleurisy
I-Pleurisy (okanye i-pleuritis) ukuvuvukala kwimbumba yemiphunga. Ingabangelwa yimimiselo yeemeko eziquka ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane okanye i-virus. ukuphazamiseka kweemoto ezifana ne- lupus okanye i- rheumatoid arthritis ; amayeza kuquka neprocainamide, i-hydrazine kunye ne-isoniazid; pneumothorax ; ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba; kunye nomhlaza.
Intlungu ebangelwa yi-pleurisy isoloko iyimpawu. Ngenxa yokuba umgca wemiphophu uphukisa, nantoni na elula i-pulp lining causing pain. Ukuba "nantoni" kuquka ukuphefumula.
Ngoko "intlungu ye-pleuritic" yintlungu yesifuba ebangelwa ukuthatha umoya, ukukhwehlela, okanye ukuhambisa isifuba.
Intlungu inokuthi ibe yindawo ethile kwindawo yesifuba (okanye ihlombe), okanye iyakwenziwa jikelele.
Iintlungu zePleuritic maxa wambi zifana neentlungu ze- pericarditis , kwaye ngokwenene ngezifo ezizimele ( kuquka i-Dressler's syndrome ), abantu banokuphuhlisa i-pericarditis kunye ne-pleurisy (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-pleuropericarditis).
Xa ukuvuvukala kwe-pleuritic kuphuluke ngokwaneleyo, intlungu ye-pleuritic isombulula.
ILizwi
Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kubangelwa yimpompo iingxaki ngokuqhelekileyo zibonakalisa ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingadideki ngoogqirha ngentlungu yesifo senhliziyo.
Kodwa nayiphi na yale miphunga yemiphunga yimiba ebalulekileyo yonyango efuna ukuvavanywa kunye nokuphathwa ngugqirha.
> Imithombo:
> Bösner S, Becker A, Haasenritter J, et al. Intlungu yesifuba Kwinkxalabo ePrayimari: i-Epidemiology kunye nokuPhambi kokuSebenza-Up Probabilities. I-Eur J Gen Pract 2009; 15: 141.
ISicwangciso soBuchule beSizwe soLwazi, uLawulo, kunye nokuKhuselwa kwezifo eziPhephekayo eziPhephekayo eziPhezulu. www.goldcopd.org (Kufumaneka ngoSeptemba 10, 2012).
> Inkqubo yeSizwe ye-Asthma yeNkqubo kunye noThintelo: Ingxelo yePhaneli yeeNkcazo Iii: Izikhokelo zoLwazi kunye noLawulo lwe-Asthma. I-Bethesda, MD: I-Heart Heart, iLung, ne-Blood Institute, 2007. (i-NIH ishicilelo 08-4051) www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthgdln.htm (Kufumaneka ngo-Disemba 04, 2014).
> Verdon F, Herzig L, Burnand B, et al. Intlungu yesifuba KwimiSebenzi yemihla ngemihla: Isiganeko, iinjongo kunye noLawulo. ISwiss Med Wkly 2008; 138: 340.