Ngaba wena okanye umntu omkhathalelayo unayo i-multiple sclerosis (MS)? Ukuba kunjalo, uneminyaka engakanani ubudala? Ukuhlaselwa kwe-MS ngokuqhelekileyo kuchazwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengokuba kwenzeka kweempawu zokuqala emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. (Ukuhlaselwa kwabantu abadala kwabangama-MS kuninzi kufunyaniswa kubantu abakwi-20s ukuya kwi-30s.)
Ubume be-MS
I-MS yisifo esingasigxina se-nervous system (CNS), esibandakanya ubuchopho, intambo yomgudu, kunye ne-optic (iso).
Kwi-MS, isistim somzimba sakho sokuzivikela sisetyenziselwa iiseliti zesangqa kunye neoli e-myelin eneenqatha ezibangqongileyo, kubangele ukonakala.
Unxibelelwano lwe-myelin olubomvu lwama-"jams" olunxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo yakho nomzimba wakho. Ukuphazamiseka okuphazamisayo kunye nokukhutshwa kwemiyalezo phakathi kwengqondo kunye nomthambo womgca kubangela iimpawu nokukhubazeka okuvela kwi-MS.
Akusaziwa oko "kuphendulela" impendulo yenkqubo yomzimba kumntu ofumana i-MS. Nangona kunjalo, oku kubonakala ukuba kwenzeka kubantu abanelifa (i-genetic) ekukhuselweni kwesi sifo esichazwe kwimeko enye okanye "engaphezulu".
Umngeni ngokuThengisa i-MS-Outset
Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 bafumaneka nge-MS malunga nama-3 ukuya kwe-4 ekhulwini lamatyala, ngokutsho kwe- Multiple Sclerosis kunye neengxaki ezichaphazelekayo . Ngelishwa, i-MS ingaba nzima ukuxilonga kubantu abangaphezu kwe-50, ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
I-MS ayizange ifundwe kumntu omdala osekudala njengabantu abadala .
Oku kubalulekile kuba isifo singahluka ngeendlela eziliqela phakathi kwabantu abancinci nabadala, kuquka iimpawu ezahlukileyo. Ngoko iimpawu zokuqalisa ukufika kwe-MS zingabonakali ukuxilongwa koogqirha abanolwazi olubanzi kunye neempawu ze-MS kubantu abadala.
Ekuhambeni kokugqibela kwe-MS, iimpawu zomntu ziyakulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo ezinye zeengxaki. Ezinye zezi ngxaki ziquka:
- Stroke
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Dementia
- Isifo sikaLou Gehrig (i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, okanye i-ALS)
Izibonakaliso zokuqalisa ukufika kwe-MS zingaphoswa ngeempawu zokuguga ngokuqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, kwi-scanning imagination (i-MRI) yesifo sengqondo (i-MRI) yokuhlola i-MS), ugqirha unokuphosakela umonakalo wengqondo emhlophe obangelwa yi-MS ngenxa yenguqu yenguqu ngenxa yesifo segazi (isiscular).
Ezinye iimpawu ze-MS ekupheleni kwexesha elidlulileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke kwiimeko zokuguga ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ubuthathaka
- Ukukhathala
- Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla emisipha
- Iingxaki zokulinganisela
- Umbono utshintsha
- Ukulahleka kwengqondo (umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kwengcinga, ukuqiqa, kunye / okanye ukukhumbula)
I-MS-Outset ye-MS ihluke njani ukusuka kwi-Young-Onset MS
Unokuba unomdla wokufunda ukuba ubudala bomntu, xa ufunyaniswe ne-MS, buyakuchukumisa inkqubo yesifo.
Nangona umonakalo we-CNS ekupheleni kwe-MS kufana nokubonwa kubantu abadala, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba abantu abadala baqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokukhubazeka kungekudala.
Ngokutsho kwiphononongo kwi- Journal of Neurology, eyafanisa abantu abangama-52 abaye baqalisa i-MS emva kweminyaka engama-50 kubantu abaye bahlakulela i-MS bancinci (ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala), iimpawu zeemoto zaziqhelekile kwi-MS iqela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iimpawu ezibonakalayo, iimpawu ze- optic neuritis , kunye ne- dysarthria zazingekho phantsi kwe-MS.
Izimpawu ezibonakalayo (umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka nokukhwaza), i- ataxia , umsebenzi wokuqonda kunye nokukhathala akuzange kwahluke phakathi kwamaqela amabini.
Ukongezelela, ngokwelo cwaningo olunye, izilonda zentambo yomgudu, njengoko zibonwa kwi-MRIs, zaziqhelekileyo kubantu abane-MS, kwaye izilonda kwi-cerebellum zaziqhelekileyo kubantu abane-SM.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukuxhasa ezi ziphumo, olunye uphando lufumene ukuba iimpawu zeenjini ezibangelwa i-myelitis ehambayo yayivame kakhulu kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis.
ILizwi
Ekugqibeleni, ikhosi ye-MS ekupheleni kwexesha elide kunye nendlela eyahlukileyo ngayo ukususela kwi-MS eselula.
Oko kuthethwa, ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhambeni kwexesha lokugqibela kwe-MS njengokuba kunamaphi na ubudala. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngokukhawuleza ukuqala unyango kunye neyeza zokuguqula izifo kunokunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-MS kunye nezilonda ezintsha, kunye nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
> Imithombo
> Kis B, uRumberg B, uBerlit P. Iimpawu zonyango zezigulane ezinokupheka kwe-multiple sclerosis. J Neurol . 2008 Meyi; 255 (5): 697-702.
> Noseworthy J, Paty D, Wonnacott T, Feasby T, Ebers G. Multiple sclerosis emva kweminyaka eyi-50. Neurology. 1983 Dec; 33 (12): 1537-44.
> Pollack ML, uBharak Y, uAronron A. Ixesha elizayo-liza li-multiple sclerosis. J Am Geriatr Soc . 2011 Feb; 49 (2): 168-71.
> Roohani P et al. Kuqala ukuqala isifo se-multiple sclerosis: Ngaba iqala ngokukhawuleza? Ukungqubuzana kweMult Scler Relation . 2014 Julayi; 3 (4): 444-9.