Izifo ezinxulumene nobudala zizifo kunye neemeko ezenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubantu njengoko zikhula, oku kuthetha ukuba ubudala ngumngcipheko omkhulu. Ngokutsho kukaDavid Hogan, i-gerontologist, kunye noprofesa weyeza kwiYunivesithi yaseCalgary, imizekelo yezifo ezinxulumene neminyaka yilezi zilandelayo:
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Izifo ZeenhliziyoIsifo senhliziyo ngumbulali oyedwa kwinani laseUnited States, kunye nezona zimbangela zokufa kwamanye amazwe amaninzi. Ifomu eqhelekileyo yintlungu yesifo somgubo, okubandakanya ukunciphisa okanye ukucinywa kweemibhobho eziphambili ezinika intliziyo ngegazi. Izithintelo zingakhula ngexesha elide, okanye ngokukhawuleza-njengokuba kuphulukana kakhulu-kwaye kubangele ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.
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Izifo zeCerebrovascular (Strokes)I-stroke iyenzeka xa igazi liyeka ukugeleza kwindawo enye yengqondo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwenye yemithwalo yegazi. Kunzima gqitha kuba iisenti zeengqondo zithintela i-oksijini egazini ziqala ukufa ngokukhawuleza.
Kukho ezimbini iintlobo zemivimbo. Eyona nto iqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi- ischemic stroke , eyenzekayo xa i-clot yegazi ibimbela isitya segazi. Uhlobo lwesibini lubizwa ngokuba luhlungu olushushu , kwaye lubangelwa xa isitya segazi siphula kwaye siphala kwiqondo.
Izibetho zingabangela ukufa okanye ukukhubazeka okukhulu, kuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nobuqili bokukhutshwa okanye ukuphuka.
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Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu - uxinzelelo lwe-HypertensionUxinzelelo lwegazi yimbutho yamagazi ephuma kwiindonga zemibhobho yakho njengoko intliziyo yakho ipompo. Kuphantsi xa ulele okanye uphumle, kwaye uphakamileyo xa ugxininise okanye ujabule - nangona kudla ukukhula ngokubanzi kunye nobudala. Ukunyanga kwengcinezelo yegazi kunokuphakamisa iingxaki ezinzulu entliziyweni yakho, imithwalo yegazi, izintso kunye nezinye iinkqubo emzimbeni.
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CancerEnye yemingcipheko enkulu yimiba emininzi yomhlaza, apho amangqamuzana angaqhelekanga akhula ngokungaqondanga, uneminyaka yobudala. Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, i-77% yazo zonke i-cancer ifunyaniswa kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55. E-Canada, umdlavuza ubonisa imbangela ebangela ukufa kubantu besibini nabasetyhini.
Uninzi lweentlobo zomhlaza ziqheleke kakhulu njengoko sineminyaka yobudala, kubandakanya isikhumba , isifuba , imiphunga , i- colorectal , i- prostate , i- bladder , i- non-Hodgkin's lymphoma kunye neengcingo zesisu.
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Uhlobo lweSwekile 2Isifo sikashukela sisifo esiphazamisayo indlela umzimba wakho usebenzisa ngayo i-glucose, okanye ishukela, ukusuka ekutya okugayiweyo. Kwi-Type 1 yeswekile, eqala ngokuqala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30, akukho-insulini eveliswayo. I- diabetes ye-Type 2 eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-insulin eyaneleyo-kodwa inokumelana nayo-ukuze i-glucose ayisebenziswanga kakuhle ngomzimba. Zombini iintlobo zesifo sikashukela zikhokelela kumanqanaba eshukela egazi aphezulu kakhulu, angakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo , ukuphazamiseka, ukulimala kwamantongomane, ukungaphumeleli kweengso kunye nobufama.
Ngenxa yokunyuka kwamazinga okunyanya, kunye nokuphila ngokunyanisekileyo kunye nokutya okungonelanelekanga, i-Type 2 yeswekile iyakhula. Ngethamsanqa, ukufumana imikhuba enempilo njengento yokuzivocavoca rhoqo , nokutya ukutya okunokulinganisela , kunokugcina igazi le-glucose kumazinga aqhelekileyo, kwaye uthintele ukunciphisa impilo.
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Izifo zikaPasinsonEbizwa emva kokuba ugqirha waseBrithani owakuchaza okokuqala kwiminyaka ye-1800 yokuqala, le ntlupheko yesifo se-neurological idala ukuthuthumela, ukuqina, nokuyeka ukunyakaza. Iikota ezintathu zezo zifo zeePilinson ziqala emva kweminyaka engama-60, nangona ubudala buyingxaki enye kuphela. Amadoda angaphezu kwamabhinqa ukuba abe nePP, njengabantu abanembali yentsapho-okanye abo bavelele kwii-toxins ezithile zeekhemikhali. Ukulimala kwentloko kunokudlala indima.
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I-Dementia (kuquka i-Alzheimer's's Disease)Eyona nto ibonakalisa ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukusebenza kweengqondo kunokubonakalisa ukulahleka kweememori, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukugwetywa. Isifo se-Alzheimer sisona sizathu esiqhelekileyo sobungozi besifo sengqondo, kodwa kukho ezinye izizathu, kubandakanywa nokugula komzimba (ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi engqondweni), isifo sikaHuntington kunye nesifo sengqondo se-Parkinson's disease. Nangona iziganeko zentsholongwane yengqondo zanda ngeeminyaka ubudala, ayithathwa njengengxenye yendalo yokuguga .
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Izifo eziPhephayo eziPhezulu ezingapheliyo (COPD)Isifo esingapheliyo sokukhupha isifo se-pulmonary (COPD) asikwazi ukuphiliswa, kodwa sinokuphathwa, kwaye mhlawumbi kubaluleke ngakumbi, kuthintela. Le meko ibonakaliswe ukunciphisa ukungena kwomoya kunye nokuphuma emiphakeni, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwi-airways, ukunyuka kwembombo yemiphunga, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-mucus kumatope omoya. Iimpawu ziquka ukugqithisa, ukungapheli kunye nokuvelisa okuvelisayo, ukuqhuma nokuphefumula. Isizathu esiphezulu se-COPD singabonakali ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezivuthayo ezinjengomsi womsi wocuba (mhlawumbi njengotshisi oyintloko okanye isandla sesibini), ukungcola komsebenzi okanye ukungcola kwindalo. Ukutshaya i-cigarette kuseyona nto ibalulekileyo yengozi.
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OsteoarthritisI-Osteoarthritis isifo esidibeneyo, kunye nesifo esingaqhelekanga se- arthritis . I-osteoarthritis ivela ngokuqhelekileyo njengabantu abaneminyaka yobudala, kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini. Ukugqithisa okanye ukulimala kwangaphambili kubangelwa ukuba ufumaneke.
Eyona nto ifana nokuvuvukala kunye nentlungu e-joints, i-osteoarthritis ayikwazi ukuphiliswa, kodwa inokunyangwa ngeentlungu zokuxhoma okanye ezichasayo, kunye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila njengokulahlekelwa kwesisindo, ukuzivocavoca kunye ne-physiotherapy.
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OsteoporosisEyaziwa nangokuthi "isifo se-bone brittle," i-osteoporosis ibonakala ngokulahleka kwethambo, ekhokelela ekutheni umzimba unqabile kwaye unobuthakathaka. Kuye kufana kakhulu kunye nobudala, ikakhulukazi abaseCaucasian naseAsia besifazane. Ukuba ne- osteopenia , okanye ubukhulu besifo seethambo, sinomngcipheko. Ngokutsho kweeNational Institutes of Health, i-US National Institutes of Health, isiqingatha sawo onke amabhinqa aneminyaka engaphezu kwe-50-kunye nekota yesibini kuloo nqela-ubudala iya kuphula ithambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis. Iphunga liphuka njengento yokuqhaqhaza i-hip fractures yinkathazo enzima kubantu abadala, okubangelwa ukulahleka kokuhamba, ukuzimela, kunye nekota malunga nazo zonke iimeko, ukufa kungakapheli unyaka wokulimala.
Ukuzivocavoca rhoqo, ukutya ukutya okunotye kwi calcium kunye neVithamini D, kwaye ukungabhiyiyo kunokunceda ukukhusela i-osteoporosis.
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CataractI-cataract ihamba phambili kwi-lens yelihlo lakho, ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukukhanya kwimibala ye-ultraviolet, ukutshaya kunye nesifo sikashukela. Ngokutsho kweZizwe zeSizwe zezeMpilo zaseMelika, isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 banomnye uhlobo lwe-cataract. Ekuqaleni, awukwazi ukuqaphela i-cataract, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha umboniso ungabonakaliswa kwaye unciphise kakhulu. Utyando lweCataract lunganconywa ukususa nokutshintsha i-lens. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ukuhlinzwa okunjalo kwakudinga ukufumana iminyango yeentsuku ezininzi esibhedlele; ngoku, inokuthi yenziwe njengenkqubo yokuphulukana nesifo, rhoqo ngeyure.
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Ukuhlaziywa kweMicrosoft (Age-Related Macular Degeneration)Ukuxhatshazwa kwama-macular (Age), iimeko eziqhelekileyo kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, iyona nto ibangela ukukhubazeka kubantu abadala. Njengoko i-macula yelihlo iqhubeka ihlahloka, ngokunjalo ukukwazi komntu ukubona izinto ngokucacileyo phakathi kwendawo yakhe yombono, nangona umbono we-peripheral uhlala ugcinwa. Ubudala bunomngcipheko owodwa, kodwa kunjalo ukutshaya, ubuhlanga (eCaucasians banokukhusela ngaphezu kwe-Afrika-baseMelika), kunye nembali yentsapho. Nangona inxaxheba yemilinganiselo ethile yokuphila ayiqondwa ngokupheleleyo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba, ukuzivocavoca rhoqo, ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nemilinganiselo ye-cholesterol, kunye nokutya ukutya okuguga okunomdla kwiimifuno kunye neentlanzi kuza kunceda ukukhusela i-AMD.
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Ukuvalela UkulahlekaUkulahleka kokuva kuqhelekile ngokukhula, ngenxa yokunyuka kweenwele ezincinci entle yakho indlebe ekuncedeni inkqubo yesandi. Ingatsho ukuba utshintsho olulula ekuveleleni, kwakhona, njengokuba kunzima ukulandela ingxoxo kwindawo enomsindo, unenkathazo yokuhlukanisa iincononisi ezithile (ngokukodwa kumazwi aphezulu), izandi ezithile zibonakala ziphakame ngaphezu kwexesha eliqhelekileyo, kunye nezandi ezibonakala zingenakunyaka. Imiba emininzi ngaphezu kwexesha elide, njengokungapheliyo kwimihlali emininzi, ukutshaya, kunye ne-genetics, kunokuchaphazela indlela oyiva ngayo xa ukhula. Phantse isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 banomlinganiselo othile wokulahlekelwa kwindlebe.
Indlela yokucinga malunga nezifo ezichaphazelekayo kwi-Age : Nangona ukuguga ngokwayo akusiyo isifo, kuyingozi yimiqathango eyahlukileyo. Oko akuthethi ukuba uya kuba nesifo esichaphazelekayo, sithetha ukuba unako ukufumana le miqathango njengoko ukhula.
Iinkqubo zengqondo ezifana nokuvuvukala, ukungcola kokusingqongileyo nokungcoliswa kwemimandla (njengemisebe ye-ultraviolet ukusuka elangeni), iimpembelelo zendlela yokuphila ezifana nokutshaya, ukutya kunye namazinga okuqina, kunye nokulula okulula kunye nokukhawuleza, konke kunokukhawulezisa izinga lokuhla kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo abantu.
- Funda ngakumbi: Ukuqonda Inkqubo yokuguga
Iiprojekthi ezininzi zophando kwihlabathi jikelele ziyaqhubeka ukucacisa imiphumo yobudala emzimbeni womntu, ukulungisa ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ezingenakukhunjelwa zokukhula kwaye ezinokuthintelwa.
Funda ngakumbi: Ukufunda kwexesha elide kuqaliswa njani
Imithombo:
Iintlobo ezili-8 zeTshintsho eziHlangeneyo. Amaziko e-US kaZwelonke eMpilo eMfutshane kunye neNgcaciso yoluntu.
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cataract.html
E Sikora, Giovanni Scapagnini, noMario Barbagallo. "I-Curcumin, ukuvuvukala, ukuguga kunye nezifo ezinxulumene neminyaka." Ukuguga kwe-Immun. 2010; 7: 1.
Amaqiniso Ngokwe-Age-Related Macular Degeneration. I-National National Institute Eye Eye Paper Sheets.
http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts.asp
Giuseppina Campisi, Martina Chiappelli, Massimo De Martinis, et al. "I-Pathophysiology yezifo ezinxulumene neminyaka." U- Immun Aging. 2009; 6: 12.
Izifo Zentliziyo. I-National National Institutes of Health Medline Information Sheet Sheets. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartdiseases.html
Igazi elonyukayo. I-National National Institutes of Health Medline Information Sheet Sheets. . http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/highbloodpressure.html
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/osteoporosis.html
Stroke. I-National National Institutes of Health Medline Information Sheet Sheets. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/stroke.html
Yintoni i-High Blood Pressure? I-National National Institutes of Health Information Sheet Sheet. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/