Sibanzi
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zokukhwehlela : i-acute, i-subacute, kunye nengqumbo engapheliyo. Ukuba ukukhwehlela kwakho kwaqhubeka kwithuba elingaphantsi kweeveki ezi-3, wawunomkhuhlane oqaqambileyo owenziwe. Amagqabi ahlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezi-3 kodwa iingaphantsi kweeveki ezi-8 zibhekwa njengento engathandekiyo. Ukukhwehlela kwe-post-viral kubhekwa njengento yokuzikhupha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhwehlela oye wahlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezi-8, ukukhwehlela kwakho kuya kuthathwa njengengunaphakade.
Ukuba ukukhwehlela kwakho kuye kwaqhubeka iintsuku ezingaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-21 emva kokuba ushushu, mhlawumbi ufumana ukukhwehlela okusulelayo. Nangona ezininzi izifo ezikhuselweyo emva kokusasazeka zibangelwa yiintsholongwane ezibangelwa zizifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula , zinokuba zivela kwizifo ezibangelwa yi-bacterial or fungal infections.
Kutheni sifuna iCrick
Ngaba uke waqala ukukhwehlela xa uziva umntu egqoke i-cologne kakhulu okanye iphunga . Okanye mhlawumbi unesiphelo sokumisa emva kwendoda kwaye ukhwehlela ukususela apho. Ukuqhwala kukukhenkceka okubangelwa yizo zombini zokuvuselela imichiza kunye neekhemikhali . Ngexesha eliqhelekileyo libhekisela kwi-airways engenhla, ukukhwehlela kwe-reflex kungabangela ukuba: i-tract and upper respiratory tract, i-pericardium (intliziyo yesisu), isophagus, i-diaphragm nesisu.
Izixhobo zokufumana iimveliso zidala ukukhwehlela xa zichaphazeleka okanye zihanjiswe. Ama-receptor Amachiza ayaphendula xa ebonakaliswe kuyo: utshintsho lobungqingili, obonakala kwi-asidi, okanye izinto ezifana ne-capsaicin.
Ama-Receptors azungeze i-larynx, i-trachea, kunye ne-bronchi, inokubangelwa zixhobo zombini okanye zamakhemikhali. Xa i-mechanical receptors isebenze, uqala ukukhwehlela.
Ukukhula
Ngaba unokwenzeka ukuba unokukhwehlela kwintsholongwane? Emva kokufumana ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ephezulu yentsholongwane yokuphefumula, abantu abayi-11 ukuya kuma-25 baphuma abantu abayi-100 baya kuba nokukhwehlela kwe-post-viral.
Ngeli xesha, awuyi kuba negalelo, kodwa uya kuba nokukhwehlela okugubungelayo okungekho okanye kungakuchaphazela imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Ukuba ngaba ufumene isifo sengqondo sokuphefumula esiphakamisayo okanye i-bhakteria njenge- Mycoplasma pneumoniae okanye i-Bordetella pertussis (unyango lwe-bhakteria), umngcipheko wakho ukwanda ukuya kuma-25 ukuya kuma-50 emngciphekweni wokuba ukhuhlane olushushu.
Ukukhwehlela kwe-post-virus kubuye kube namava ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiinyanga zasebusika ngenxa yokunyuka kwintsholongwane ephezulu yokuphefumula. Ukuqhaqhazela ngokubanzi ngabafundi baneminyaka engaphezulu; ufumana ama-episodes angama-7 ukuya kwe-10 ngonyaka. Nangona abantu abadala befumana ama-episodes angama-2 ukuya kuma-5, umngcipheko awuninzi ngakumbi kubantwana nakwabantu abadala.
Izizathu
Isizathu sokuthi ugcina umkhwehlela emva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yokuphefumula kusalula. Nangona kunjalo kukholelwa ukuba ukuhlala ukuvuvukala kunye nokwehliswa kwamathambo aphezulu okanye aphantsi (epithelial) intembeko ebushushu kubangela uxanduva. Njengoko iimfihlo zikhupha kwi-airways engenhla (njengokuba kuqhutywe umva, i-reflex refgh can be moved). Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokukhwehlela kwe-post-viral ziquka:
- intsholongwane yokuphefumula (RSV)
- umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
- i-parainfluenza (eqhelekileyo idibene ne- croup )
Nini ukubona uMgqirha
Kwiimeko ezininzi, awudingi ukufumana ugqirha ukukhwehlela kwintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukukhwehlela kwakho okuqhubekayo kunzima okanye kuyinkathazo kuwe, kwaye awuzange uphikelele ixesha elingaphezulu kweeveki eziyi-8, uya kufuna ukufumana ugqirha ngenxa yokunceda okanye ukuqhubeka nokusebenza.
Ukuxilongwa
Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo awudingi ukufumana ukuxilongwa kwe-post-viral cord if you recently have a upper infiratory tract infection kwaye ube nomkhwehlela ongazange uphelele kwiiveki eziyi-8. Nangona kunjalo ukuba unempawu ezinengxaki ezichaphazela umgangatho wobomi, uya kufuna ukubona ugqirha.
Ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha imbali ecacileyo kuquka ukuqala kokubanda kwakho, kunye neziganeko zokukhohlela kwakho. Ukukhwehlela kwintsholongwane emva kokufunyanwa kwintsholongwane kufunyaniswa ngokungabandakanyi ezinye izizathu (i-etiologies) yomkhuhlane ongapheliyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimbali yakho, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukulawula ezinye zezizathu zokukhukhuza okungapheliyo:
- isifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD)
- i-laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)
- syndrome ephezulu ye-airway (UACS)
- i-asthma
- nezinye izifo ezingapheliyo zomoya
- ukunyangwa kwamachiza
Ugqirha wakho akayi kuba nako ukuvavanya kwakho kwezi zizathu ezinye. Baya kugqiba ukuba ngaba ziphi na ezi zifanele zihlolwe ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwabo kwezonyango kunye nembali yakho yonyango.
Unyango
Ngaphandle kokonyango, ukukhwehlela kwe-post-virus kuyakuzilungisa. Nangona kunjalo ukuba ukukhwehlela kwakho kukuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho, unokufumana ukuba ixesha lokusombulula phakathi kweeveki ezi-3 ne-8 lide kakhulu. Ukuba kunjalo, uya kufuna ukubona ugqirha wonyango olumqondiso. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango eziphambili ogqirha wakho azakukuhlalutya ngazo ukuze unikeze uncedo olungcono.
Ukuze kukunyamekele kakuhle, ugqirha uya kufuna ukuba ngaba ukukhwehlela kwakho kwintsholongwane ngenxa yentsholongwane ye-post-nasal (ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yi-upper airway chegh syndrome) okanye ukuba ihambelana ngqo ne-inflammatory or correction receptor usulelo lwentsholongwane.
Ukhuhlane oluhambelana ne-upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) unonyango olufanayo njengoko ufumene unyango lwe-UACS engekho. Njengokonyango lokuqala, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika i-antihistamine yesizukulwana sokuqala. Nangona le klasi yamayeza ihlala ehlala ngaphezu kwe-antihistimines entsha, iphumelela ngakumbi ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela kwakho kwintsholongwane. Ama-Antihistamines anokuthiwa ngokuqhelekileyo aquka:
- brompheniramine
- chlorpheniramine
- cumastine
Nangona kunjalo ukuba ufanele usebenze okanye usebenze ngakumbi kunye nemiphumo emibi yecala lokubulala ama-antihistamines apha ngasentla awunqweneli, ungasebenzisa le myeza yesizukulwana sesibini:
Ukukhwehlela kwe-post-virus ngaphandle kwe-UACS kuhambelana ngqo neenguqu kwiimpawu zomoya kunye neentlobo zokufumana ukukhwehlela kwi-HIV yakho. Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela kwintsholongwane kwintsholongwane kule nkalo kufana nokukhwehlela i-asthma . Ugqirha wakho kulo mzekelo unokuthi uthathe uvavanyo lwe-methacholine okanye i-antihistamine mngeni wokuhlola ukuba unobungozi obushushu. Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu beempawu zakho uya ku-ochanekileyo omnye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ntloba zamachiza:
- inhaled glucocorticoids
- i-bronchodilators
- i-leukotriene receptor antagonists
- prednisone yomlomo
Ukuba ukuvavanya kwakho akubonakali ukuxhatshazwa kwe-bronchial hyperreactivity, kunokuba luncedo ukuvavanya i-ipratropium bromide (Atrovent). I-Atrovent ibonise ukuba iphumelele kwisisombululo se-post-viral xa i-asthma eguqukayo i-asthma ayikrokrelwa.
Imithombo:
Braman, SS. (2006). Ukhuhlane olungasetyenziswanga: I-ACCP yeeNgcebiso ezisekelwe kwiNtsholongwane yeeNkcazo. Esifubeni. 129 (1 Suppl): 138S-146S.
Hughes, J & Shield, MD. (2009). Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okungaqhelekanga. IiPediatrics kunye neMpilo yabantwana, 19 (6): 291-293.
Rutter, P. (2013). System Respiratory System. I-Pharmacy yoluntu: Izimpawu, ukuxilongwa kunye noTyango. Kufumaneka ngo-Oktobha 29, 2016 ukusuka kwi-http: //www.clinicalkey.com. (Ubhaliso lufunekayo)
USyvestri, uRC & Weinberger, SE. (2014). Ukuvavanya ukutshatyalaliswa komzimba kunye nokuguquka okungapheliyo kubantu abadala. Kufumaneka ngo-Oktobha 29, 2016 ukusuka ku-http: //www.uptodate.com. (Ubhaliso lufunekayo)
USyvestri, uRC & Weinberger, SE. (2016). Unyango lwe-subacute kunye nomkhuhlane ongapheliyo kubantu abadala. Kufumaneka ngo-Oktobha 30, 2016 ukusuka ku-http: //www.uptodate.com. (Ubhaliso lufunekayo)