Ukuqhaqhaqhayisa iziqulatho ezibonakaliswe ngokunyanzelisa, ukutshintsha kwimiba okanye kokubili. Ziyakwazi ukuba zenzeke xa umntu enesifo sokutshatyalaliswa kwesifo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-stpile. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abangenaso isithuthwane banokufumana ingozi engalindelekanga, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zezobuchopho ezibhalwe ngezantsi.
Iimbangela zokuxhatshazwa
Ukulimala kwentloko kunye nokulimala kwengqondo - Intlungu engathandekiyo yentloko inokuvelisa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuxhwalazeka kwaye kunokubangela ukulimala kwengqondo okubangelwa ukuhluthwa kwexesha elide. Isizathu sokuthi ukulimala kwengqondo kubangelwa ukuba ukuphuma kweengqondo kungaphazamisa umbane oqhelekileyo engqondweni, kuvelisa i-cerebral (ubuchopho) nokuxhatshazwa okanye ukuvuselelwa kwentsholongwane eyenza i-seizure.
Izifo zonyango - Iimeko ezininzi zonyango zinokuphazamisana nomsebenzi wengqondo, okubangelwa ukuxhamla. Ezi meko zingabangela ukuxilwa okwenzekayo kude kube lula ukugula, kodwa kunokubangela ukuphuhliswa kwengxaki eqhubekayo yokubamba ingxaki nangona emva kokuba isigulo siguqule.
Izifo ezibangelwa ukuxhamla ziquka:
- Iimvumbo zobunongo - I-Cancer eqala kwingqondo ngokwayo okanye umdlavuza ogqithiseleyo (ukusasazeka) kwingqondo evela kwenye indawo emzimbeni inokubangela ukuvuvukala kunye noxinzelelo kwingqondo, ukuphazamisa umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wengqondo, kwaye kubangele ukuphazamiseka. Ukuqhaqhaqhayisa kunokube ngumqondiso wokuqala wokuba umntu unomdlavuza okanye kufuphi neengqondo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa umhlaza ususwe, ukutshatyalaliswa akusayi kuqhubeka.
- Isisu - Izibetho zenza iindawo ezincinci okanye ezinkulu zeengqondo ezingabhubhiyo (umonakalo weetyhuse) ezingabangela ukukhungatheka ngokukhusela indawo zeengqondo ukuba zisebenze ngokuqhelekileyo. Izibetho kwiindawo ezithile zengqondo, njenge-lobe yesikhashana, zinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki kunokuthathwa kwezibetho kwezinye iindawo zobuchopho, ezifana ne-brainstem.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi - Ukubola kwesibindi (ukuphuma kwintsholongwane okanye ukujikeleza ingqondo) kunokubangela ukucaphuka kweengxube zeengqondo, ezibangelwa ukuxhamla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izibetho ezinomdla zidla ngokuxhatshazwa kakhulu kunokuba ziyi-ischemic (ukungabi khona kwegazi).
- Incephalitis / Ubunzima beBongo - Izifo zesibindi kunye nokuvuvukala kunzima, kwaye kunokuvelisa ukukhawuleza kwangoku, kunye nokuhluthwa okuqhubekayo. Incephalitis ukuvuvukala okanye ukusuleleka kwimizimba yengqondo. Ukungabikho kwengqondo yintsholongwane efihliweyo kwingqondo. Ezi zombini iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga zentsholongwane.
- I-Meningitis - Usulelo lwama-mening (iindawo ezikhuselekileyo ezijikeleze ingqondo) zingaphazamisa ubuchopho, okubangelwa ukutshatyalaliswa. Uninzi lwexesha, ukuxhatshazwa okunxulumene ne- meningitis ukulungisa emva kokuba unyango lwe-meningitis luphathwa.
- Iingxaki zemetabolic - Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte ngokweqile kunye nesibindi kunye nokungaphumeleli kwezintso kunokuphazamisa umsebenzi we-neurons engqondweni, kubangele ukungaphaya komsebenzi wee-neurons, ezibonakalisa njengexakeka. Ukubanjwa kweempawu ezibangelwa ukungaqhelekanga kwe-electrolyte kunye nokuhluleka komzimba kaninzi akuqhubekiyo xa ingxaki yonyango isisombululo.
- Iintsholongwane - Imfiva ephezulu kakhulu ingabangela ukuxhwaleka, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci kunye neentsana. Ezi ntlobo zokuthintela zibizwa ngokuba yi-febrile seizures. Ukuba umntwana wakho unobungozi obunzima , kufuneka ufumane unyango wakho umntwana ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuxhatshazwa nakho kunokubangelwa yimicimbi ephathelene nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi:
- Ukutywala utywala - Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhoxiswa kotywala, okuye ukuyeka ukutshatyalaliswa kotywala ngokukhawuleza emva kokusetyenziswa kakubi, kunokubangela ukuthinteka. Ukuphendula ngale nto kungabungozi, kwaye ukuba wena okanye umntu owaziyo amava okuphuza utywala, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni - Izidakamizwa ezininzi zokuzonwabisa zidibene nokuxhatshazwa. Le mpendulo ayilungeleki kwaye iyakwenzeka nangona uye wasebenzisa isilwanyana esithile ngaphandle kokuba uthintele ukuxhatshazwa kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu owaziyo amava unobungozi ngokubambisana neziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza, kwaye qinisekisa ukwazisa iqela lezonyango ekusebenziseni iziyobisi ukuze ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Ukurhoxiswa kweziyobisi - Ukurhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile zokuzonwabisa, okuyeke ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi emva kokusetyenziswa kakubi, kunokubangela ukuba uthinteke. Oku, njengokutshintshwa kotywala, ukuphendula okuyingozi okufuna unyango lwengxamisekileyo.
Iingxaki zokuFahla
Ukuqubana nesifo kubangele iimeko ezininzi ezibandakanya ulwalamano, ubunzima bokuzalwa, kunye nezakhiwo ezingaqhelekanga, ezinjengobuchopho bentliziyo, izibetho, izifo ezinokukhubazeka kweengqondo, izifo zobuchopho kunye nezicubu njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abanesifo sokuhluthwa asikwazi ukuchongwa, nangona emva kokuvavanywa kwonyango olubanzi.
Ukuhluthwa kwintsholongwane kuqhutywe kwintsapho, kwaye abantu abanesifo sokuhluthwa ngokufuthi bavame ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kwiminyaka emibini yokuphila.
Xa isifo sesifo sokuzalwa, umntwana uzalwa eneenkcukacha zokuba nesithuthwane, kwaye loo nto inokuthi ingaba yindlalifa. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwesimo sokuhluthwa kwesisu kubangelwa ekuqaleni kwexesha.
Uvavanyo lwezogulane lwezigulane ezinokubamba ixilongo ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya i-MRI yengqondo (umfanekiso ocacileyo wengqondo) engabonisa ukuba kukho nayiphi na imimandla yomonakalo engadlulela kwi-seizures, kunye ne-electroencephalogram (i-EEG) uvavanya umsebenzi wengqondo kwaye angabonisa ubukho bemisebenzi engaqhelekanga kagesi efana neengxaki zokuthungatha. Sekunjalo, kubantu abathile abanesifo sokuphuza, le mvavanyo ingaba yinto eqhelekileyo.
Iimpawu zokuQala
Ukubangela izidalwa ziganeko okanye iimeko eziyaziwayo ukuba zikhuphe iziganeko kwaye zingabangela ingxaki kubantu abanokuhluthwa. Ukuba unesithuthwane, ukwazi nokuphepha ezi zinto kubalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthatha ingozi.
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokubamba ukubandakanya ziquka:
- Ukusela utywala - Abantu abaninzi abanesifo sokuhluthwa bafumana ingxaki xa betywala utywala. Oku kuya kwenzeka nangona isithuthwane silawulwa kakuhle nge-anticonvulsants. Utywala lunokuguqula umbane wengqondo ngohlobo olwenza ukuba kuqhutywe, kwaye kungaphazamisa i-antiticonbulsant metabolism, ukukhusela ukuba iyeza lisebenze kakuhle.
- Ukungabikho kokulala - Ukukhathala okubangelwa ukungabikho kokulala okanye ukulala ngokwaneleyo kwakhona kukubangela ukuxhamla. Enyanisweni, i-EEG yokulahlwa yindlala yenye yeemvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuphazamiseka kokungena. I-EEG yokulala ebuthwayo i-EEG efunyenwe emva kwexesha lokungabikho kokulala ngokungafanelekileyo. Kuloo mntu unesithuthwane, ukuxhwaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ngexesha lokulala, kwaye oko kwenza ukuba i-EEG isiqinisekisile ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kuthathwe umsebenzi wokubamba, oko kunceda ekuxilongweni nasekunyangeni. Nangona kunjalo, ii-EEG zokulala ezilahlwayo zihlala zenziwa phantsi kweliso lonyango olusondeleyo ukwenzela ukuba ukunqotshwa kungaphathwa ngokukhuselekile.
- Izibane ezikhanyayo - Iifoto ezithintekayo zithintela izibilini ezibangelwa zizibane ezikhawulezayo. Nangona lolu hlobo lokubamba lugqithiso aluqhelekanga, kwaye luhlala luneengxaki kubantu ababethebileyo, iziphumo ezinokubangela ukuba zifikeleleke ziba nzima kakhulu.
- Ukuxininisa, utshintsho lwemozulu, ukucofa kwamanye abantu - Abantu abaninzi abanesifo sokuhluthwa nabo bayazibona izinto ezibangelwayo, ezifana nokuxinezeleka, ukuvezwa kwezivumba ezithile, kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ububungqina malunga nale miba njengesibangeleko sokuthintela akuhambisani, kwaye iziphumo zihluke ngamnye ngamnye.
Indlela ebalulekileyo yokuba abantu abanokuthintela ukulawula ingxaki kukuba bafunde ukuqonda kunye nokuqonda izinto ezibangelwa ngabanye, kwaye bawaphephe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Uthintelo lokuLungisa
Ukuxhatshazwa kunokubangela ukuba imeko zentlalo, ukulimala emzimbeni, izingozi zemoto kunye nokuwa kweengozi. Xa kunokwenzeka, kuyona nto ibhetele ukukhusela ukuthintela. Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokuthintela ukuthintela. Ookuqala unamayeza:
- I-Anticonvulsants yindlela eyona ndlela iphumelele ngayo umntu onokuhluthwa ukukhusela. Kukho amayeza amaninzi e-anticonbulsant alawulwa ngempumelelo. Ukuba unesithuthwane, ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukugqiba ukuba yiyiphi i-anticonvulsant okanye inhlanganisela ye-anticonbulsants ikulungele ukulawula ukugula kwakho.
- Ukuthatha imichiza yokuthintela inkunkuma ngokuqhelekileyo kuyindawo ebalulekileyo yokulawula ukuthungatha. Ukuba uthabatha i-anticonstsants ukukhusela ukuxothwa, kufuneka uwathathe njengoko uqondiswe, kwaye malunga nexesha elifanayo yonke imihla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iziphumo zonyango zokulwa neentambo zingapheli phakathi kwama-8 no-48 iiyure, kuxhomekeke kumachiza. Kwaye ukugcina ishedyuli rhoqo kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokugcina unqanaba leanticonbulsant kumzimba wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana imiphumo emibi ngenxa yokuthatha i-anticonbulsants , okanye ukuba unganelisekanga ne-anticonvulsant oyithathayo, kubalulekile ukunxibelelana oku kunye nodokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza xa unako. I-Anticonvulsants imiselwe ngokubanzi ukulawula ukuthunjwa, kodwa ikwalelwe ezinye iingxaki zezokwelapha. Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-anticonvulsant ngaphandle kokuxoxisana nodolo. Ngokukhawuleza ukuyeka imithi yakho ye-anticonvulsant ingenza ukuba unqabile, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uphume ngokukhawuleza kwi-anticonbulsant okanye uyitshintshe enye enye ukuze ungabi nantoni yokubamba ukukhutshwa kwamachiza.
Indlela yesibini kukugwema ukukhupha ingxaki. Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unesithuthwane, kubalulekile ukugcina imikhuba yokuphila ekhusela ukukhutshwa kwezidumbu eziyaziwayo. Oku kuthetha ukulala ngokwaneleyo, ungaphuzeli utywala kwaye uqaphele ngokukhanyisa izibani ezikhanyayo okanye nayiphi na enye inkokhelo ozibonayo.
ILizwi
Ukuhluthwa ngumzimba wonyango ochaphazela impilo yakho. Kukho isibalo sezizathu eziyaziwayo ezinokubangela ukuba abantu baxakeke nakubantu abangenaso isithuthwane. Uninzi lwezi zinto akulula ukuba uqikelele okanye uthintele, njengokungalingani kwe-encephalitis okanye i-electrolyte, ngelixa ezinye, ezifana nokuhoxiswa kweziyobisi, zikhuselwe.
Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unesifo sokuhluthwa, unokunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba uthatha uxinzelelo ngokuthatha rhoqo imithi yakho ye-anticonvulsant njengoko kuchaziwe, ukuthetha ngokukhathazeka kwakho malunga nayiphi na imiphumo emibi yonyango kunye noogqirha wakho, kwaye ufunda malunga nokubamba izibilini ukuze ukwazi ukuphepha eziziwayo zokubamba. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngaba awuzange uqaphele nayiphi na into eyenzayo eyenzeka ngaphambi kokubanjwa kwakho, ukuze ukwazi ukuphepha ezi meko.
Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo sokuhluthwa banokukwazi ukufumana ukulawulwa kakuhle kokuthintela ngokuthatha amachiza okulwa noxinzelelo njengoko kuchazwe kwaye ngokuthatha iindlela zokuphila zokuthintela ukuthintela.
> Umthombo:
> Ukuxhatshazwa kunye neengcamango ezixhamlayo: ezimangalisayo okanye eziqhelekileyo? Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité DG, i-Epilepsia. Unyaka ka-Sep-Sep; 53 iSondlo 4: 105-13. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1528-1167.2012.03620.x.