I-neuro-ICU yinkampani enonophelo yolondolozo ejongene nokunyamekelwa kwezigulane ngokukhawuleza kubangela iingxaki zeengxaki ezisempilo. I-Neuro-ICUs yaba khona malunga neminyaka engama-25 edlulileyo ekuphenduleni isidingo sokuba nolwazi olukhethekileyo kwiinkqubo ezikhulayo ukuqonda nokujongana neengxaki ze-neurological disorders.
Iingxaki ezilawulwa kwi-Neuro-ICU
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigulane sinokungeniswa kwi-neuro-ICU yeemeko ezilandelayo:
- isisu somzimba wengqondo
- isrochemic stroke
- ukubola kwesisu
- ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu
- i-hemorrhage
- I-Guillain-Barre syndrome
- hematoma
- myasthenia gravis
- umgudu womgudu
- isimo sesisu
- encephalitis
- i-meningitis kunye nezinye izifo zesifo seentsholongwane
Ezinye iiNzuzo
Intsimi yezononophelo ze-neurointeniti iquka ngaphezulu nje kwezifo ezininzi. Kwakudinga nolwazi olukhethekileyo malunga neendlela ezithile zomzimba, njengendlela ingqondo elawula ngayo ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwegazi. Kwakhona kufuna ukuba ulwazi lwezixhobo ze-neurological ezifana ne- electroencephalography , zongezwa kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokuqonda izixhobo zomoya, i-telemetry yomzimba kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokunyanzeliswa kwegazi kunye nezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo ze-ICU jikelele.
Izigulane ezinomonakalo kwinkqubo yabo yesantya zihluke ngeendlela ezibalulekileyo ezivela kwizigulane ezinomonakalo kwezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba.
Ngokomzekelo, izifo zesistim seentsholongwane ziyakuthintela amandla omguli ukuhambisa nokuthetha. Abasebenzi be-neuro-ICU kufuneka ke baqeqeshwe kwiindlela zoviwo ezizodwa ukuqokelela ulwazi olubalulekileyo.
Ubume bobugulane obunzima bokuphelelwa ngamagciwane awanakunakwenzeka. Ukugula ngengqondo kunokutshintsha indlela umntu abona ngayo abathandekayo kwaye unokubangela ukuba baziphathe njengomntu ohluke ngokupheleleyo.
Okubi nakakhulu, ezinye izifo zentsholongwane zingabonakala ngathi zisithatha into esasenza ukuba ngubani thina, nokuba yintoni eyasenza sibe ngabantu. Ukuxakeka kwengqondo oku kuguqulwa kwamalungu kunye nabamalungu entsapho kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Oku kubaluleke nakakhulu xa uxoxa ngezihloko ezifana nokufa kwengqondo.
Imbali ye-Neuro-ICU
Ngandlela-thile, iiyunithi zokuqala zokunakekelwa kakhulu ziyi-neuro-ICUs. Imfuno ye-ICU yayisungulwe ngokuqinile kwiminyaka ye-1950 ngenxa yesiphumo sokukhubazeka kwintsholongwane ye-polio. Njengabantu abakhubazekile abaneepolisi abalahlekelwa amandla abo okuphefumula, bebekwe kwi-teknoloji entsha ye- winding mechanical .
Kwiminyaka emininzi, iiyunithi ezinonophelo ezizinyameko zanyamekela zonke izifo zesifo esasongela ubomi, ingakumbi ezo zikhokelela ekudinga umoya wokungenisa umoya. Nangona kunjalo, imfuneko yokunyamekela okukhethekileyo yabonakala ngokugqithiseleyo njengoko unyango luba nzima. Ngomnyaka we-1977, i-ICU yokuqala ye-neuro-ICU yaseNyakatho Melika yaqaliswa eMaspala General Hospital. Ukusuka apho, baqala ukugqithisa kulo lonke uhlanga nakwihlabathi.
Uninzi lwe-ICU-ne-ICU lufumaneka kwizibhedlele ezinkulu zezifundo, apho zifumana khona umgca wezigulane. Izibhedlele ezincinci zingenakukwazi ukufumana izigulane ezaneleyo ukuzithethelela ukwakha i-neuro-ICU, kwaye iya kuba yanyamekela isigulane kwi-ICU jikelele okanye idlulisele isigulane kwisibhedlele esithile.
Ngubani osebenza kwi-neuro-ICU
I-neuro-ICUs zininzi zoluleko kuluntu. Iingcali ze-neurologists, i-neurosurgeons, iingcali ezinonyango ezinzulu kunye ne-anesthesiologists zihlala zisebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye namaqela abahlengikazi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu, iiphilisi zokuphefumula, iingcali zokutya, kunye nokunye.
Inzuzo yokuba neengcali ezininzi kukuba uluhlu olubanzi lwezakhono luziswa ekunyamekelweni kwesigulane ngasinye. Ukuphazamiseka kukuba ngaphandle kokuba ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza kuhlawulwa ngubani othethayo, kulula ukuba abahlobo kunye neentsapho badideke malunga nabani na abakuthethayo nokuba kutheni. Ukudideka oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kukuba abasebenzi basebhedlele kufuneka basebenze kwiintshukumo, ngoko ke ngubani othethayo ngokuxhomekeke kwithuba lemihla.
Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, qiniseka ukuba wonke umntu ozayo uzingenisa ngokwakhe kwaye uchaze indima yabo.
Xa kuthelekiswa namaqumrhu okunyamekela aqhelekileyo, ii-neuro-ICU zidibaniswe nokufa okuphantsi kunye nokuhlala okufutshane okubhedlele kwizifo ezinjenge-stroke, i-cerebral hemorrhage, kunye nokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu. Iiyunithi zokunyamekela ezinzulu, ngokubanzi, zinokuyikrakra kwaye zidibanise indawo, kodwa ngokuqwalasela ngokukhawuleza ukuthetha kakuhle, i-neuro-ICU ingaba ngumgcini wendalo.
Imithombo:
UAllan H. Ropper, uDaryl R. Gress, uMichael .UDiringer, uDeborah M. Green, uStephan A. Mayer, uTomas P. Bleck, u-Neurological ne-Neurosurgical Care Intensive, I-Fourth Edition, uLippicott Williams noWilkins, 2004
U-Pedro Kurtz, uVincent Fitts, uZeynep Sumer, uHillary Jalon kunye noJoseph Cooke, kunye noNobangela bunjani ukukhathalela izigulane ze-Neurological admitted kwi-Unit neurocritical Care Unit kunye ne-General ICU? Ukunyamekela nge-Neurocritical, ngo-2011, uMqulu 15, iNombolo 3, iphepha 477-480