Ukufunda ukuba une-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (i-IPF) isiganeko esitshintsha ubomi. Kuthetha ukuba unalo uhlobo lwesifo esingapheliyo somphunga onokulindeleka ukuba sibi ngakumbi ixesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela i- dyspnea ephawulekayo neyoqhubekayo (ukuphefumula okufutshane), ukukhathala, nokukhwehlela, iimpawu ezinokuthi zinciphise; kwaye mhlawumbi ekugqibeleni kubangela ukufa.
Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-IPF ngokwenene banokuthetha ngokumalunga (ngendlela enhle) okanye baya kuyenza ngayo le meko. Abantu abahamba phambili kwi-IPF badla ngokuba ngabachaphazelekayo ekulawuleni imeko yabo. Baza kuzama ukuqonda kangangoko banako malunga ne-IPF kunye nezo mpiliso ezikhoyo, kwaye baya kuthatha indima ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ukuba zeziphi unyango ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kubo. Baya kubandakanya zonke iinguqu zokuphila eziye zaboniswa ukunciphisa iimpawu kwaye zandisa ixesha lokuphila. Kwaye baya kuqinisekisa ukuba bona kunye noogqirha babo bahlala bejonge isohlwayo oluqhubekayo, oluqhubekayo uphando, olujoliswe ekuphuhliseni unyango olutsha, olusebenzayo lwe-IPF.
Oko Okufanele Ukwazi Nge IPF
I-IPF ibangelwa i-fibrosis engaqhelekanga (inqabile) yamathambo emiphunga. Ngenxa yale fibrosis, imiphunga ayifanelekanga ekutshintshiseni ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwomoya kwi- alveoli (i-air bags) kunye negazi.
Ngenxa yoko, i-oksijini inexesha elinzima ukufikelela kwigazi. Njengoko i-fibrosis ibuhlungu, kunjalo i-dyspnea kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-IPF zivame ukubangela .
Iingcamango zethu malunga nesizathu solu phuhliso lwe-lung fibrosis ziye zavela kwiminyaka yamuva. Ekuqaleni kwakukholelwa ukuba ukutshabalalisa umphunga kubangelwa ukuvuvukala emathinini emiphunga, kwaye unyango lujoliswe ekuphazamiseni inkqubo yokuvuvukala ngamachiza afana ne- steroids , methotrexate kunye ne- cyclosporine .
Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lonyango aluzange luboniswe luzuze kakhulu.
Kutshanje, abaninzi abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ingxaki enkulu kwi-IPF kukuba iifomphu zamaphaphu ziphilisa ngokungaqhelekanga. Ukuphulukiswa okungavamile, kunye ne-fibrosis elandelayo, kunokuvela ekuphenduleni umonakalo omncinci wamaphaphu, nokuba luhlobo olunqabileyo lwemonakalo yemiphunga eyenzeka ngokuphila ngokuqhelekileyo.
Le ngcamango yokuphilisa okungavumelekanga kwi-IPF ibalulekile kuba inikwe abaphandi ithagethi entsha yokwelapha, oko kukuthi, ukufumana iindlela zokuphazamisa inkqubo yokuphulukisa engaqhelekanga ukwenzela ukunciphisa i-fibrosis. Nangona inkqubo yokuphulukisa kwimisipha yamaphaphu iyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye ibandakanya ukusebenzisana phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli kunye nama-molecule, eninzi okanye inkqubela phambili sele yenziwe.
Amachiza amabini amatsha sele sele avunyelwe ukubonga kulo mgaqo omtsha wophando (pirfenidone kunye ne-nintedanib), kunye nezinye izidakamizwa ziphuhliswa kwaye zivavanywa kunyango lwe-IPF .
Into ephambili ukugcina engqondweni kukuba kukho isizathu esithile sokuba nethemba malunga nokuphathwa kwe-IPF kunokuba kukho ngaphambili. Kwaye ukuba unayo i-IPF, xa unokwenza okungakumbi ukunceda ukuphucisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, kungcono amathuba akho ekugqibeleni uzuze kwiindlela zokwelapha ezintsha ezinokuthi zifumaneke kwiminyaka ezayo.
Into onokuyenza Ukuba unayo IPF
Yiya kwingcali.
I-IPF ingaba isifo esinzima ukuba ugqirha ulawulo. Ngenxa yokuba kunzima kakhulu, kwaye ngenxa yokuba ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwe-IPF lubandakanyeka ukwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, abantu abane-IPF bafumana iziphumo ezilungileyo xa bekhathalelwa ngumntu osetyenziselwa ukujongana nesi sifo. Ngoko ukuba unayo i-IPF kufuneka uqwalasele ngokusebenza kunye neengcali zonyango lwe-pulmonary; kulunge kodwa, i-pulmonary specialist inomdla othile kwi-IPF.
Kufuneka ucele ugqirha wakho ukuba uthunyelwe kuloo ngcali.
Ukuba unenkathazo yokufumana ingcali yepulmonari, iwebhusayithi yePulmonary Fibrosis Foundation ingakunceda ukuba ufumane umntu osondeleyo kwikhaya lakho.
Ingcali iza kuba luncedo kakhulu ekunqumeni ukuba ngaba ufanele ufumane amachiza omtsha we-IPF, kwaye xa ixesha elifanelekileyo liza kuba liqale. Kwakhona, ukuba ukufakelwa kwemiphunga kufuneke kube ngqalelo, i-pulmonary specialist izakukwazi ukugweba ixesha elifanelekileyo le nkqubo, kwaye ikukhokele kwinkqubo enzima yokuyifumana.
Ingcali yepmonta, ingakumbi enye inomdla okhethekileyo kwi-IPF, iya kuhlala ihamba phambili nophando lwangoku kunyango lwe-IPF, kwaye isenokukwazi ukuncomela izilingo ezithile zeklinikhi ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kuyo, ukuba unomdla. I-ClinicalTrials.gov inokunika le ngcaciso yolwazi kuwe.
Thatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umonakalo omnye wemiphunga.
Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuze uncede ukucotha inkqubela ye-lung fibrosis. Ngenxa yokuba kubonakala ukuba i-IPF ibangelwa inkqubo yokuphulukisa engaqhelekanga ekuphenduleni umonakalo wemiphunga, kufuneka wenze konke onokukwazi ukukhusela umonakalo okhuselweyo wamaphaphu. Ubuncinane ma nyathelo kufuneka afake:
Yeka ukutshaya. Imveliso yokubhema icuba yimbangela yokucasula ngokukhawuleza kunye nomonakalo kwimisipha yakho yomphunga. Abantu abane-IPF abaye batshaya, kwaye ngakumbi abo baqhubeka bebhema, banesifo esibi nakakhulu kunokuba bangabhemi. Kubalulekile ukuba ungabhemisi, kwaye nabani na ohlala kunye nawe akayi kubhema. Ukuba utshaya, funda into ongayenza ukuyeka ukutshaya.
Gonyelwa. Kufuneka wenze konke onokukwazi ukuphepha ukufumana isifo se-pneumonia okanye ezinye izifo zamaphaphu. Oku kuthetha ukufumana iintsholongwane zentsholongwane zonyaka, kwaye ugonywe nge-pneumonia pneumonia.
Cinga ngenyameko ukuphathwa kweGERD. Isifo se-reflux se-Gastroesophageal (GERD) sisona sizathu esibangelwa ukusila. Kuye kwavela ukuba i-reflux ye-esophageal iyinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abane-IPF. Kwabaninzi bala bantu, i-GERD ayibangeli nayiphi na impawu-kodwa isenzeka.
Ngexesha leziganeko ze-reflux (ingaba zivelisa iimpawu okanye ayikho) ixabiso elincinci le-acid esiswini lihlala liphuma emiphakeni, ukuvelisa oko (kubantu abangenaye i-IPF) ngumonakalo omncinci kunye nexesha elifutshane lomphunga. Kodwa kulabo abane-IPF, loo monakalo omncinci wamaphaphu uguqulwa ube yingozi kakhulu kumaphaphu fibrosis. Ngenxa yoko, iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba phantse nabani na i-IPF kufuneka babekwe kunyango kwi-GERD, nokuba banayo impawu ye-reflux okanye ayikho. Kufuneka ubuncinane uxoxe ngale ndlela yokonyango ngogqirha wakho.
Oxygen unyango. I-oxygen eyongezelelweyo inceda kakhulu kubantu abane-IPF, kwaye kufuneka uxoxe ngale ngonyango nogqirha wakho. Abantu abane-IPF bafumana ukuba banako ukwenza umsebenzi ophezulu xa basebenzisa i-oksijini ngexesha lokuzikhandla. Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka, unyango lwe-oksijeni oluqhubekayo lunokunceda kakhulu iimpawu ze-dyspnea ekuphumleni. Ngaphezu koko, unyango lwe-oksijini lunokukunceda ukuthintela ukuqala komfutho wokhuseleko lwe- pulmonary , oqhelekileyo kwi-IPF.
Inkqubo yokuvuselela ipolonari. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiprogram yokuvuselela i-pulmonary , efana nalabo abaqeshwe kubantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sesifo semiphunga , kunceda kakhulu kubantu abane-IPF. Ezi nkqubo zibandakanya uqeqesho loqeqesho, ukuqeqeshwa kwindlela yokuphefumula, inkxaso yemoya, kunye neengcebiso zondlo. Yonke le micimbi ye-pulmary rehab isinceda ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphucula ukuhlaselwa kwabantu abane-IPF. Kufuneka ucele ugqirha wakho ukuba akuthumele kwenye.
Ukutya okunomsoco. Ukugcina ukutya okwaneleyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni isiphumo sakho, kodwa ukutya kakuhle kungaba ngumngeni ukuba unayo IPF. Kufuneka ujonge ukutya okubandakanya iziqhamo ezininzi, imifuno kunye nezilwanyana ezinamafutha. Ukutya okuncinci, ukutya okudla rhoqo kubonakala kulula kubantu abantu abane-IPF kunokutya ukutya okuninzi. Umculi wezilwanyana unokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuqeqesheleni indlela yokufumana ukutya okunomsoco.
Amaqela enkxaso. Ukujoyina iqela lokuxhasa lunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Ku luncedo ukwazi ukuba kukho abanye abantu ngaphandle apho baneengxaki ezifanayo. Ukusebenzisana nabo, nokufunda indlela abaye bajamelana nayo (kunye nokubanceda abanye ukuba bajamelane nayo) kunokuxhobisa nokuxhobisa. Ingcali yakho yempompo kufuneka ikwazi ukuphakamisa iqela lokuxhasa indawo. Isiseko sePulmonary Fibrosis sinokukunceda ukuba ufumane enye kwindawo yakho.
ILizwi
I-IPF yimeko enzulu kunye nemiphumo emibi. Sekunjalo, umntu onesi-IPF unesizathu esininzi sokuba nethemba namhlanje kunanini ngaphambili, ingakumbi ukuba ufumana unyango lwezonyango kwaye uthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni zonke izinto ezinokukunceda ukugcina impilo yazo.
> Imithombo:
> Collard HR, Tino G, Noble PW, et al. Iimbono zeMonde eziPulmonary Fibrosis. I-Respir Med 2007; 101: 1350.
> Dowman L, Hill CJ, Holland AE. Ukubuyiselwa kwePulmonary Rehabilitation for Interstitial Lung Disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; : CD006322.
> Lee JS, McLaughlin S, uCollard HR. Ukunyamekela okupheleleyo komonde kunye ne-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011; 17: 348.
> Raghu G, uCollard HR, uEgan JJ, et al. Ingxelo ye-ATS / ERS / I-JRS / ALAT Ingxelo: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Izikhokelo zoBuchule boLawulo kunye noLawulo. Ingaba iJ Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183: 788.