I-squaxi axial iqulethwe onke amathambo axhomekeke kwi-vertical (ebizwa ngokuba yi-axitudinal axis). Ezi ziquka:
- Amathambo ekhanda (intloko)
- Ithambo leHyoid
- I-vertebra (amathambo omgudu) oquka i-sacrum kunye ne-coccyx (oko kukuthi, umsila wakho)
- Sternum (isifuba sesifuba)
- Iibhere
I-axial skeleton iyahluke kwi- squelette skeleton eyenziwe ngamathambo ephezulu nakwezantsi.
Kwiphepha elingaphezulu, amathambo wesigxana esilunxwemeni senziwe ngamathambo esandla esiphezulu okanye i-humerus, amathambo e-forearm, abizwa ngokuba yi-radius kunye ne-ulna, amathambo omzimba aninzi kwaye ayaziwa nangokuthiwa amathambo e-carpal, kunye amathambo e-metacarpal, oko kukuthi, amathambo amade adibanisa phakathi kwamathambo esandla kunye namathambo eminwe. Amathambo eminwe, abizwa ngokuba yi-phalanges, nawo ayingxenye yamathambo esigxina esiphezulu.
Kwiphepha eliphantsi, ibali lifana. Amathambo wesigxina esilunxwemeni yi-femur okanye ithambo lesahla, i-kneecap, amathambo emilenze engezantsi (tibia kunye ne-fibula) amathambo kunye nesithende, ama-metatarsal (afana namathambo e-metacarpal esandleni) kwaye kwakhona i-phalanges, Kule meko ziyizwane.
I-Axial Back Pain
Ubuhlungu ngenxa yeengxaki ezisemgodini zingagcinwa kwisigxina se-axial - okanye sinokufikelela kwiphepha njengokuba kwenzeka kwi-radiculopathy (ukucaphukiswa kwengcambu yomgulane.)
Ngokomlando, intlungu ye-back axial ibhekisele kwiintlungu ezihlala ngasemva, oko kukuthi, intlungu engathinteli kwiisondlo. Ubuhlungu obungachaphazeli iimbasa, kwaye kunoko ludibene nomonakalo wesisu lubizwa ngokuba buhlungu buhlungu.
Xa ubuhlungu buya kwiphepha, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yi-radiculopathy, (kwakhona, ukuba isizathu sivuthwe ingcambu yomgca) okanye i-sciatica.
Qhubeka ukhumbule, nangona kunjalo, i-sciatica lixesha elingaphantsi lonyango kunye nokubeka abantu ngokufanayo ukuchaza iimpawu ezinxulumene nentlungu kunye nokuvakalelwa kombane okuhla komlenze omnye okanye ingalo. Xa kuqondwa ngale ndlela, i-sciatica ingaba nezona zimbangela, ezibandakanya, kodwa ezingagqithwanga, ukunyanzeliswa okanye ukucaphukisa ingcambu yomgca.
Kodwa ngowama-2013, abaphandi baseJamani bafumanisa ukuba kwi-10% yabathathi-nxaxheba (1083 ewonke) iintlungu ezisezantsi zentlungu ye-back axial and nerve components. Abaphandi bachaza iiprofayili ezininzi zeentlungu ezisezantsi ezixhomekeke kuhlobo lweempawu zesibindi ezikhoyo kule meko "exubileyo". Bathi ukuhlukanisa izigulane ngokubhekiselele kwiprofayili mhlawumbi indlela engcono yokuyiqonda kakuhle intlungu kwaye unike unyango olulungele isigulane.
Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba ukuxinezeleka, uxinzelelo kunye neengxaki zokulala (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-co-morbidity) zivame ukuhamba kunye nentlungu ephantsi, kunye neentlungu eziphantsi. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, bafumanise ukuba abo babenokuhlinzwa ngokubhekiselwe kwidiski banokuthi babe negalelo le-neuropathic kwiintlungu zabo eziphantsi.