Intetho encinci malunga nokutshitshiswa kwethambo yinxalenye ekhethekileyo yamathambo omntu ngezizathu ezininzi.
Okokuqala, iselula. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngaphandle kwesayithi yayo yokuncedisa kwi-cartilage ye - thyroid , eyingxenye ye-larynx kwaye ixoxwa ngezantsi, ihamba. Ungakwazi ukuhambisa i-hyoid yakho ukusuka ecaleni ukuya kwelinye icala - ngenxa yokhuseleko, ngobumnene - ngokuchukumisa ngokukhawuleza ukuphela, kwaye emva koko ushintshe isenzo esincinci esichukumisa isifuba.
(Oku kuthiwa i-palpating bone itheyid.)
Okwesibini, ngokuphefumula ukutya, ithambo le-hyoid lidlala indima kwimisebenzi emininzi egcina uphila.
Indawo yeThambo leHyoid
I-hyoid ikhona ngaphambili, okanye yangaphakathi, inxalenye yentamo phakathi kwethambo lesangqa kunye ne-cartilage ye-thyroid, kwaye iqinisekiswe ngokuqinisekileyo kwi-cartilage nge-ligaments. Ihlala kwinqanaba le-vertebra yesithathu yomlomo wesibeleko, ukudibanisa, ngeentlobo zezithambo zolwimi, umgangatho womlomo kunye nentamo yangaphakathi.
Nangona kuncinci, ithambo le-hyoid lingafaneli liphulwe. Oku kubangelwe kwindawo yayo ekhusela ngokubanzi ithambo kuwo onke kodwa ingozi ecacileyo.
Ithambo le-hyoid lifumaneka ngaphaya kwe-apple ka-Adam kwaye ngaphantsi kweetoni kunye ne-epiglottis. Nangona engekho ngezobuchwepheshe njengengxenye ye-larynx, phezulu, izakhiwo zombini ziphantse kakhulu. I-hyoid inikeza indawo yokunamathisela kwiimisipha ezilawula ukuhamba kwe-larynx.
I-larynx yindawo engasentla kwiphilipu yakho, i-aka trachea, ekunceda ekukhuseleni izinto ezingaphandle. Mhlawumbi umzekelo owaziwa kakhulu kuloo nto xa ukutya "kwehla ipayipi engafanelekanga." I-larynx inomsebenzi wayo oyintloko wokukhusela ukuba ungabikho ngokukhawuleza ukuvalela ukuvulwa kwintsimbi xa into yangaphandle izama ukungena.
Khumbula, i-windpipe yakhelwe umoya, kungekhona izinto.
Enye into eyenziwa yi-larynx - kunye nento esiyifunayo kakhulu - kukuvelisa isandi; iimvumi kunye neentetho bazi i-larynx njengebhokisi lezwi.
Enye into eyenziwa yi-larynx ibangelwa ukukhwehlela, okuyinxalenye yendlela yokukhusela umsebenzi okhankanywe ngasentla.
I-larynx inezinye iinjongo ezimbalwa, ngokunjalo, kubandakanya ukudlala indima ekuphuculeni umoya kunye nokusebenza njengelungu lezinzwa.
I-Bone Hyoid Umsebenzi
Ithambo le-hyoid linikeza indawo yokuqhotyosheliswa kwiintsimbi ezininzi zangaphambili (zangaphambili). Iimisipha ezinamathele kwithambo le-hyoid zibandakanya, kodwa azikhawulelwanga, i-sternohyoid, i-mylohyoid, i-omohyoid, imisipha ye-digastric. Ezi ntlobo kunye nezinye iintambo zentamo zentsimbi zidlala indima ekugwityeni kwaye zichaphazelekayo kwiimeko zokulimala kwentamo okanye ukuchithwa kakubi.
Umsebenzi wesibini wethambo le-hyoid ukubonelela isiseko okanye isiseko apho ulwimi lungahamba khona.
Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ithambo le-hyoid libandakanyeka ekuphefumuleni. Oku kuba kukudlala indima ekugcineni i-airway evulekile. Kodwa kungekhona kuphela indlela evulekile yokuphefumula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulala nokulala kwezifo. Umzekelo u-apnea wokulala.
Indima yeHyoid kwiimeko ezithile zezoLo
Naliphi na indlela oyiqhekeza ngayo, ithambo le-hyoid lininzi ngokuthe ngqo kwaye lingaqondiswanga ukudibanisa nezihlunu namathambo entanyeni, entloko, nangomhlathi.
Kwaye iingcali zivumile ukuba inwele, intamo, kunye nomhlathi zibandakanya ukuvelisa izinto ezininzi ezihlukeneyo, kungekhona ubuncinane bokulawula ukunyameka entanyeni.
Intaka, intamo, kunye nomhlathi, ngoko, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yi-cranio-cervical mandibular system. Masiwususe eli thuba: I-Cranio ibhekisela kwikrele; Umlomo wesibeleko ubhekisela kwingingqi yomgudu onentamo; i-mandibular ibhekisela emlonyeni wakho. Inkqubo ayifaki nje kuphela amathambo kodwa iimisipha kunye nemigqa, ngokunjalo
Kodwa ngowama-2017, umphandi waseYurophu waphawula ukuba inkqubo ye-mandibular yomlomo we-cranio ayikho inxibelelwano ye-anatomical emva kwentloko.
Ngenxa yoko, uthi, i-cranio-inzala yomlomo wekota yindlela echanekileyo yokuchaza inkqubo, ingakumbi kuba imisebenzi emininzi ifanele ukuba negalelo ekuboniseni, ngokuyinxalenye, ukuba indawo yendawo yengqayi ephezulu.
Ngokusekelwe kwimbono yakhe, umphandi wachaza ukuchazwa kwakhona, ukuba yenziwe ngamagunya, okanye umhlathi, ithambo, ulwimi kunye nethambo le-hyoid. Uthi le ngxaki iya kunceda ukuchaza ezinye iinkalo zonyango ezichaphazela ukugwinya, njenge-Eagle syndrome. Izimpawu zesifo se-Eagle ziquka intlungu yentamo, iingxaki zokugwinya, izikhwebu kunye nokunye.
> Umthombo:
> Messina, G. Ulwimi, i-Mandible, i-Hyoid System. Eur J Uguqule i-Myol. Feb 2017.
> Moore, K., Dalley, A. I-Anatomy ye-Clinically Oriented. Isihlanu. Uhlobo. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Baltimore.
> Porr, J., DC, kunye. al. Ukuxhatshazwa kwenzelwa ukuphazamiseka kwethambo - ingxelo yecala nokuhlaziywa kweencwadi. J Can Chiropr Assoc. Dec 2012.