I-Temporomandibular I-Dysfunction Joint kunye neCervical Spine
Ukuba unentlungu eninzi yentliziyo kwaye awukwazi ukuqonda isizathu-kunokuba uzame ukuzama ukufumana ingxaki yeengxaki zentsholongwane -ungase ufune ukutshintsha ugxininiso lwakho kwindawo esondeleyo yomzimba wakho; umhlathi wakho. Uqikelelo luyahlukahluka, kodwa iingcali zithi ukuya kwi-70 ekhulwini zeengxaki zentamo zinxulumene nokungasebenzi kwixeshana ze-temporomandibular.
Oku kungena ngesimo se- muscle spasm (ama-50 ekhulwini amatyala ngokucwaninga ngo-2015 eyapapashwa kwiNcwadi yePhysical Psychic Research Research ), ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka (iipesenti ezingama-20 ngokweesifundo esifanayo), okanye intlungu e-ole, abalobi babone iipesenti ezingama-30.
Kwaye inokuthi inyaniso ibe yinyani, ngokunjalo. Isifundo esichazwe ngentla sifumene ukuba ukunyamezela kwentamo engapheliyo kungabangela imbandezelo yomhlathi kunye nentlungu.
Isihlanganisi seTemoromandibular
Unokuzibuza ukuba ndiyintoni intsingiselo yokusebenzisana komhlathi. Masiqale ngesakhiwo sebony, esivame ukubizwa ngokuba ngu-TMJ.
I-TMJ mhlawumbi iyona nto inzima kakhulu emzimbeni womntu. Nangona incinci, ininzi yeengcungcutheko kwizakhiwo zayo, ukusuka kwimilo ekhethiweyo yamathambo atyunjwayo ukuba ahlangane nezicubu ezixhumeneyo ezenza i-capsule ezungezile aze angene kunye. I-TMJ nayo ibonisa i-disc, engafaniyo neentshukumo zomgca ezisebenzisayo, zikhona ukuzinzisa ukudibanisa kunye neentlungu ezifihlakeleyo kunye nemigqa egcina ukudibanisa kwindawo kunye nokukunceda.
Ukukunceda ukuba uqonde kakuhle ukuba iqela le-temporomandibular lifumaneka kwaye liyakhiwa njani, unokusiphulaphula eli gama eliqingqiweyo ukuya kumacandelo amabini, elowo libhekisela kumathambo enokudibanisa.
Makhe sihlaziye eli gama ukwenzela ukuba unokwenza ingqiqo ye-anatomy echaphazelekayo.
Inxalenye yokuqala, i-temporo, ibhekisela kwithambo lexeshana. Ithambo lexeshana lifumaneka kwicala lekrele lakho ukuya ngasezantsi (kufuphi neendlebe zakho). Into enye enokukunceda ukuba ufumane amathambo akho okwexeshana ukubeka isandla sakho etempileni yakho.
Ithefu lexeshana liphantsi nje koko, ngoko ke, xa ususa isandla sakho nje ngendlela encinane, uze uziva unthambo olubi, ufumene ithambo elingaphezulu le-TMJ.
Inxalenye yesibini yelizwi li-mandibular, elibhekisela kwisakhiwo sebony eshukumisela phezulu nangaphantsi, kunye nesantya esincinane, ecaleni kwicala, ngexesha lokwehla. Mhlawumbi andinakukuxelela oku, kodwa i-mandible iyamkela kwizintlu zakho ezantsi. I-mandible ithathwa njengelinye ithambo lomhlathi. Inyaniso enomdla kukuba yedwa ithambo ebusweni elingashukumisela.
I-mandible ifakwe njenge-U. Phezulu kwamacandelo e-U, ithambo le-bifurcates (phezulu) kwiinkqubo ezimbini "ezihlukeneyo" ezihlukeneyo, ezongezelelweyo zethambo eline-taper, kwinqanaba elithile, ekupheleni kwayo. Inkqubo yangaphambili ibizwa ngokuba yi-coronoid; iimbumba ezincinci zixhomekeke kwinkqubo ye-coronoid, kodwa yonke into, le ndawo ayiyinxalenye ye-TMJ. Inkqubo yangemva ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo ye-condylar; yincenye yegunya elithethileyo kunye nethambo lexesha lokwenza i-TMJ.
I-temporomandibular joint (TMJ), ke, yindawo apho ithambo lexesha kunye ne-condyle ye-mandible ihlangene. Ingxube ye- synovial, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho i-capsule eyenziwe ngamafayili aqinileyo azungezile amathambo kunye nesithuba phakathi.
Kwakhona ngaphakathi kwesi sikhundla uhlobo oluthile lwamanzi oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi-synovial fluid, kunye ne-disc eyanceda ukugcina isalathisi esifanelekileyo kunye nokunyakaza okubambisanayo kwenza inyaniso.
Iindidi ezimbini zeentshukumo zenzeka kwi-TMJ: ukukhangela kunye nokuhamba. Olu nxu lumisa ngokubanzi udibaniso njenge ginglymoarthrodial.
Kwaye njengokuba kunamalungu amaninzi emzimbeni, inani leemisipha lisebenza kwi-TMJ; njengoko uza kubona kwicandelo elilandelayo, izihlunu ezinzima kakhulu okanye ezingekho kubhalansi ngokubhekelana komnye ngenye indlela indlela yokungasebenzi kwe-TMJ kungabangela.
Iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ze-TMJ Ukungasebenzi
Inkcitho ye-TMJ yinkalo enye yeqela elikhulu leengxaki ezibhekiswe kwi-disorder ye-TMJ,.
Ngokubambisana nezizathu ezikhankanywe ngasentla apha, ingxaki ye-TMJ inokubangelwa yintlungu, iimeko zangasese, imiba yamazinyo okanye imeko yesifo sengqondo.
Ukuqonda indlela i-TMJ yakho incedisa ngayo okanye yenza ukuba intlungu yakho ibe yintlungu (kunye nendlela izakhiwo zomzimba wakho ophezulu zincedisa ngayo ingxaki yakho ye-TMJ), cinga ukufunda malunga neentlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-TMJ. Nangona kukho ezinye iziganeko ezinokuthi ugqirha unokuziqwalasela xa usebenzela ukuxilongwa (okukhankanywe apha ngasentla) i-temporomandibular kunye ne-dysfunction (TMJD) ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa indlela oqhele ngayo ukuvula umhlathi wakho okanye ukufuduka kwidiski ekhoyo ngaphakathi.
Masithathe ngamnye ngomnye.
Iproporiveve Jaw Opening Pattern
Okokuqala ukunyuka komhlathi osweleko. Le TMJD ibizwa ngokuthi "iphethini yokuvula umhlathi," kwaye iyakwenzeka xa isistim sezihlunu ziqhelekileyo zisebenza ngokunceda ukuvula umhlathi wakho ube namandla kangangokuba zithatha umsebenzi ngokupheleleyo. Yintoni efuneka ukuba yenzeke kukuba imisipha eqhuba le ngxube-ngamanye amagama amandla okuvula nokuvala imvumelwano yakho yomlomo ngendlela ethile ukuba i-condyle yokuqala inokujikeleza (kwindebe njengendawo yesikhumba se-temporalis lichaza), kwaye liphinda lenze. (Inkqubo, kulo mzekelo, kuthetha ukuhambisa umhlathi osezantsi.)
Kodwa kumzekelo wokuvula umhlathi, ezi zihlunu ezixhasayo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-pterygoids yangasemva, zixininise kakhulu , zivuselela utshintsho kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokuhamba kwezinto ezivela emnyango. Oku akugcini nje ukwenza i-pterygoids yangasese ibe yomelele, kodwa ingakhokelela kwiingxaki nge-disc efumaneka ngaphakathi.
Ukukhutshwa kweDis kunye nokunciphisa
Emva koko, makhe sithethe ngeengxaki ze-TMJ eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-disc ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-disk displacement ngokunciphisa.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isikhundla sediskithi sincike kwisimo sayo kunye nesantya soxinzelelo olubekwa kuso. Ngokubhekiselele kwimilo yediski iya, le nto into ozalelwe ngayo, kwaye ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba, xa kunjalo, ingxaki yonyango.
Kodwa uxinzelelo olubekwe kwidick ngokusebenzisa imisipha eqinile okanye engalinganiyo kunye / okanye ukunyakaza okuhlanganyelweneyo nento into oogqirha abanokuyixilonga ngayo nokuyiphatha. Uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo lubangelwa yindlela ehambelana ngayo nemisipha yomhlathi echaphazela ukulungelelanisa, kunye nezinye izicubu ezithambileyo ezichaphazelayo.
Ukufuduka kwe-Disc ngokunciphisa ngowokuqala kwezigaba ezintathu zokufuduka kwidiski. Xa uhamba nge-disk ngokunciphisa, uya kuphulaphula imisindo evulekileyo xa uvula kwaye uvale umhlathi wakho, kwaye ukuzisa umhlathi wakho ophantsi (mandible) phambili uyanciphisa le misindo. Unokuba neentlungu xa uhlafuna, utshintshe, uthetha, okanye ukuba (kwaye nini) ugaye amazinyo. Ukuvula umlomo wakho kunokuba nzima, kwakhona, kodwa oku akusoloko kuyimpawu.
Ngaphandle kwonyango yokufuduka kwidiski ngokunciphisa, le ngxaki ye-TMJ ingaqhubela phambili kwisigaba sesibini kwaye mhlawumbi sesithathu. Amanqanaba amabini ukuhanjiswa kwidiski ngaphandle kokunciphisa apho, njengaphambili, uqala ukucofa kwaye uvele ngokudibanisa. Eli xesha, nangona kunjalo, unxibelelwano lunokuthi luvale ngexesha elide, kwaye unokuba neengxaki ezithile phakathi kokuvula umlomo wakho. Isigaba sesithathu apho ingxaki ingapheliyo .
Ngendlela, kufuneka ukhangele " iiflegi ezibomvu ," eziyimpawu ezingabonakalisa ukubandakanyeka kwentsholongwane okanye umonakalo, okanye imeko enzulu kakhulu ye-TMJ. Ezi ziquka ukuphazamiseka, ukuvuvukala, iingxaki ze-nosebleeds okanye iingxaki ze-sinus, ukungabonakali kokulahlekelwa kwesisindo, iingxaki zokuva, iintlungu eziqhubekayo (ezingahambelani nomhlathi wakho), okanye iimpawu ezingaphenduliyo nayiphi na unyango lwe-TMJ onokuyenza. Ukuba unalolu hlobo, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe nabo nodokotela wakho kunye / okanye ugqirha wenyama oyaniphathayo.
I-Global Jikelele ye-TMJD
Ngoko yonke le ngcaciso enzulu ichaza ntoni ngentlungu yakho yentamo?
Ngokona buninzi, i-TMJ yokusebenza kakubi iqhutywe yinto engasebenzi kuyo enye okanye ngaphezulu kweentsundu ezigcina intsebenziswano endaweni, zichaphazela uxinzelelo lwe-disc nokunye. Kodwa xa kuziwa kwinkqubo ye-musculoskeletal, akukho into enjalo yokuzihlukanisa.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukungalungiswanga kwi-TMJ yakho eqala nge-pterygoids eyongeziweyo eyimfuneko, umzekelo, inokuchaphazela lula iimeko zezinye iimisipha eziphendulayo zombini kwaye zichaphazela isikhundla saloo mdibaniso, kunye nesimo sekhanda, intamo, kunye umzimba ophezulu. Ngale ndlela, ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha okanye ubuthathaka kunye nokunyakaza kokungasebenzi okuqala kwi-TMJ kuhanjiswa entanyeni yakho, emahlombe, ngasentla kwaye mhlawumbi umva wakho osezantsi. Isifo soxilongo esilumkileyo siza kuvavanya nje i-TMJ yakho kuphela kodwa ubuncinane isithuba kunye nokuma kwentamo kunye namagxa, ngokunjalo.
Akunjalo kuphela, kodwa ukungahambisani kakuhle komzimba kungasondeza ingxaki yakho ye-TMJ. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ukuba uye phambili phambili kweso sihloko, esona sigqibo esingaqhelekanga senhloko kwibudlelwane bayo entanyeni. Ukuhamba phambili kwintloko yentloko kulandelwa enye inkinga yokunyamezela kuvela kwi-back upper eyaziwa ngokuba yi-kyphosis. I- kyphosis isisiseko esingasentla. Xa umgca ongentla ujikeleze, intloko, ixhunywe ngomgca, ithathwa phantsi. Ukuze ubone kwaye uxhumane nehlabathi phambi kwakho, mhlawumbi uya kink emqaleni entanyeni njengendlela yokuphakamisa intloko yakho, kwaye mhlawumbi ugqithise ikhanda lakho phambili, ngokunjalo. Yonke le nto ingafaka umhlathi wakho kwi-mechanical disadvantage, leyo leyo ingayongeza kwiinkathazo zakho ze-TMJ.
ILizwi
Ukujongana nomzimba wakho ophezulu (kunye neendlela ezingekho ngophando) kuya kunceda ukuphucula umhlathi wakho we-biomechanics kunye neendlela zokunyakaza. Ukwelashwa kwe-TMJD kunokunceda ukukhulula ezinye okanye zonke iintlungu zakho, ngokunjalo.
Ngaphandle kwonyango, unokuba uzibekele umjikelezo wokungasebenzi oye wahanjiswa emva kweentambo kunye nentamo kunye namagxa. Enye yeenzuzo zonyango lonyango kukuphazamisa le mveliso kwaye endaweni yoko uvumele amathambo afanelekileyo ukuba abuyele kwixesha eliqhelekileyo. Oku kunokunceda ukubuyisela ukulandelelana okufanelekileyo kwentshukumo yakho, ukunika imiphumo emihle yokuphulukisa kwi-disc kwakunye nokuhamba kwakho komzimba.
Ezinye zezinto onokuzifumana kunyango zibandakanya unyango olusesikweni ukukhupha izihlunu ezinamandla, ukunweba kunye nokuqinisa ukuzisebenzisa ukukunceda ukuseka ukuhamba , ngokukodwa kwindawo ephezulu yomzimba, kunye nenye yemfundo malunga nendlela yokugcina le mpu melelo ihamba ngayo. Ingcali yakho ingakufundisa kwakhona indlela yokuzinyamekela okubandakanya ukuqiniswa kwe-isometric kwimihlathi yakho yomhlathi.
> Imithombo:
> Evick, D., MD, Ukulungelelaniswa kwePatomandibular Joint Pathologies, i-neck Pain ne-Postural Differences. J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 2000.
> Iodice, K. UkuVavanya kunye neNcwadana yokuThatyathwa kweTempromandibular. Imfundo yaseMedbridge. http://www.medbridgeeducation.com
> Jahan-Parwar, B., MD, i-Facial Bone Anatomy. Website yeMedscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/835401-overview#a2
> Silveira. A. Ukukhubazeka kweJawthi kudibaniswa neNtshuba yokukhubazeka kunye nokuThengiswa kweMisipha kwiZifundo kunye kunye nezingxaki zeTemporomandibular Disorders. BioMed Research International. 2015. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/512792
> I-TMJ yokuhanjiswa kwee disc. Physiopedia. http://www.physio-pedia.com/TMJ_disc_displacements