Ngaphandle kwandyondemics, i-influenza isifo esiyingozi kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana.
Nangona unyaka ongeyindlala, abaninzi abantu bafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane. Abaninzi bayafa ngenxa yeengxaki zesibini, ezifana ne-pneumonia okanye iingxaki zeengxaki zonyango ezingapheliyo, kodwa abantwana bafa nangomkhuhlane ngamnye ngonyaka. Ukujonga amanani apheleleyo kwaye ngokukodwa ukuba bangaphi abantwana abafa ngumkhuhlane kungabakho ikhwelo lokuvusa ukuba umkhuhlane unomdla kangakanani kunye nesidingo sokuthabatha intsapho yakho.
Iingcali ezininzi zisebenzisa uqikelelo lwama-36 000 ngonyaka wokufa kweentsholongwane zentsholongwane, okwangomlinganiselo wesibalo sokufa komkhuhlane kubonakala ngonyaka ngonyaka wama-1990. Uqikelelo olisebenzisa ixesha elide elide, kuquka i-fridays yangoku nje yentsholongwane, ukususela ngo-1976 ukuya ku-2007, ifumene umyinge wama-23,607 ukufa.
Kukho ukuhlukahluka konyaka kunyaka, kunye nokufa kwabantu abangama-3,349 ngexesha lonyaka wama-1986-87 ukuya kuma-48,614 aphakamileyo ngo-2003-04, okwakubonwa njengexesha elibi lomkhuhlane.
Ukufa kwiFlu Pandemics
Nangona abantu abaninzi befa ngexesha eliqhelekileyo lomkhuhlane , izinga lokufa kumkhuhlane lingaqhubeka kakhulu ngexesha lomkhuhlane wesifo okanye ukugqashuka komhlaba jikelele.
Ukufa okunyukayo akunjalo ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane yesifo somkhuhlane inamandla, kodwa kunokuba abantu abaninzi banokugula ngexesha lobulwelwe, njengokuba:
- 1889 I-Russian Influde Influenza: malunga ne-1 yezigidi ezifayo
- Ngowe-1918 Isifo Sengqungquthela yaseSpain : Ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwezi-40 ukuya kuma-50, kuquka nama-675,000 e-United States. Umkhuhlane ugonywe ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabemi behlabathi ngokuphela kobhubhane.
- Ngowe-1957 I-Asian Flu Pandemic: Izigidi ezi-1 ezifayo zifayo, kuquka nama-69,800 e-United States
- Ngo-1968 iHong Kong Flu Pandemic: malunga ne-1 ukuya kwezi-3 yezigidi zokufa kweentsholongwane
- U-H1N1 Ukhuhlane lwe-Flu: Phakathi kwama-8,870 kunye nama-18,300 abafa e-United States kunye nokufa kuma-203,000 emhlabeni wonke
U-H1N1 umkhuhlane we-H1N1 ngowona mkhuhlane wokuqala owawunokufumaneka kwegciwane lokukhusela umkhuhlane, nangona kwavela njengamaxesha asele e-United States.
Ukunikezelwa komgudu wokugonywa komkhuhlane kwakunokufumaneka ngexesha lobhubhiso lwango-1968, kodwa ngexesha elifumaneka ngalo, iimeko zazingezinyathelo.
Ukufa kweMfuyo yezilwanyana
Njengabantu abanqwenela ukucinga ukuba umkhuhlane uyisifo esincinci, awukwazi ukubaleka kwinto yokuba abaninzi abantwana bafa ngumkhuhlane ngamnye ngonyaka.
Ngokungafani nokufa kweentsholongwane kubantu abadala, oku kuqikelelwa nje, siyazi ngokwenene ukuba zingaphi iintsana ezifa ngumkhuhlane ngamnye unyaka njengoko kuye kwaba ngumqathango owaziwayo wesizwe ukususela ngo-2004:
- Umnyaka we-2003-04 wempuphu: i- 152 yokufa kweentsholongwane zabantwana
- 2004-05 Ixesha lomkhuhlane: 39 ukufa kweentsholongwane zabantwana
- Umnyaka wama-2005-06 wexesha lomkhuhlane: 41 ukufa kwabantwana besifo somkhuhlane
- Ngonyaka wama-2006-07 umkhuhlane: ama- 68 aphelelwe ngumkhuhlane wabantwana
- 2007-08 umkhuhlane wexesha lomkhuhlane: i- 88 yokufa kweentsholongwane zabantwana
- Ngonyaka wama-2008-09 umkhuhlane wephepha: 133 ukufa kwabantwana besifo somkhuhlane
- Ngonyaka we-2009-10 umkhuhlane: 282 ukufa kwabantwana besifo somkhuhlane
(ubhubhane lweengulube zeengulube) - Ngonyaka wama-2010-11 umkhuhlane: 123 ukufa kwabantwana besifo somkhuhlane
- Ngonyaka wama-2011-12 umkhuhlane wegazi: ama- 37 aphelelwe ngumkhuhlane wabantwana
- Ngonyaka ka-2012-13 umkhuhlane: 171 ukufa kweentsholongwane zabantwana
- Ngo-2013-14 umkhuhlane wexesha: 111 ukufa kwesifo somntwana
- Ngonyaka wama-2014-15 umkhuhlane: 148 ukufa kwabantwana besifo somkhuhlane
- 2015-16 umkhuhlane wexesha: 85 abantwana abafayo
- Ngonyaka we-2016-17 umkhuhlane: i- 77 yesifo somntwana sifo ngo-Ephreli 15.
Kwaye azinjalo zonke izingane ezinomngcipheko, ezifana nesifo se-asthma , isifo sikashukela, okanye esinye isimo sengonyango esingapheliyo.
Iingxelo zibonise ukuba malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana abafa ngumkhuhlane ngamnye ngonyaka abanakho into ephezulu yokubeka ingozi kwimingcipheko yomkhuhlane .
Indlela yokukhusela iFlu ukufa
Ewe, indlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela ukufa komkhuhlane kukuba ugweme ukugula ngesifo somkhuhlane kwindawo yokuqala. I-CDC icebisa amathathu amanyathelo ukuthatha ukuthintela ukukhulelwa komkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinzulu kunye nokusasaza umkhuhlane ukuba uyifumana.
- Fumana i-vaccine yonyaka. Eyona ndlela elula, ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo kumkhuhlane ngumkhuhlane wentsholongwane wonyaka, oko kuyindlela enhle yokukhusela ukufa kwabantu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ama-80 ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini kwabantwana abafa ngumkhuhlane abazange bagonywe ngokupheleleyo. Wonke umntu oneminyaka engama-6 ubudala kunye nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane ukugonya komkhuhlane ekupheleni kwe-Oktobha, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ngokwe-CDC. Iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 zincinci kakhulu ukuba zingagonywa kodwa zisengozini enkulu. Kubalulekile ukuba intsapho yabo kunye nabanakekeli bayagonywa, ngoko abachaphazeli iintsana neentsholongwane.
- Imikhwa emihle yempilo inokukunceda ukunqanda ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane zentsholongwane. Ezi ziquka ukuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo. Xa ugula, hlala ekhaya, ngoko ungazi sasaza le gciwane. Ukumboza umlomo kunye neempumlo xa ukhwehlela okanye udibanise. Geza izandla zakho ngokuqhelekileyo njengoko kuya kususa iintsholongwane. Gwema ukuthinta amehlo akho, impumlo, nomlomo. Cococa kwaye uhlalutye ii-surface apho abantu bahlala besithinta khona. Gcina impilo yakho jikelele ngokufanelekileyo ngokutya ukutya okunomsocoko, ukuhlala u-hydrated kakuhle, ukulala ngokwaneleyo kunye nokusebenza ngokusemandleni.
- Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iziyobisi zonyango, ezi ziyakwenza ukuba isifo sibe nzima kwaye iintsuku ezimbalwa zokugqibela. Oku kunokukunceda ukukhusela iingxaki ezinzulu nokufa kumkhuhlane. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unayo impawu yomkhuhlane, khangela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
> Imithombo
> CDC. Uqikelelo lwezoKufa ezihlanganiswe ne-Influenza yonyaka-e-United States, 1976- 2007. MMWR. Agasti 27, 2010/59 (33); 1057-1062.
> I-CDC ithi "Thatha i-3" Izenzo zokulwa neFlu. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm.
> Imbali yeFlu Pandemics. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/about/pandemic/history.html.
> I-Influenza (i-Flu) Iingxelo zeNgqwalaselo ezidlulileyo zeveki. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/pastreports.htm.
> Simonsen, Lone. Ukufa kweeMhlaba jikelele Ukulinganiswa kwe-Influenza 2009 kwi-Project GLaMOR: IsiFundo seModeling. I-PLOS Medicine.Yashicilelwe: uNks 26, 2013.