Nangona abantu abaninzi banokukhwabanisa kancinci ngoku, xa kuqhubeka kubakho ngaphezu kwembini ngeveki okanye kubangela iimpawu ezinzima, unokufumana isifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD). I-GERD iyinkinga engapheliyo yesistim sokutya esabangelwa yi-sphincter esezantsi (i-LES) engavali kakuhle, ivumela isisu esiswini ukuba sibe yindawo yakho.
Phantse iipesenti ezingama-20 zabantu abahlala eUnited States ziqikelelwa ukuba zichaphazeleka yiGERD kwaye inokuchaphazela abantu abaneminyaka yonke. Ngombulelo, abaninzi abantu banako ukulawula iimpawu zabo ngeenguqu zokuphila kunye / okanye amayeza.
Iimpawu
Uphawu oluyinhloko lweGERD luya kutshaya , ukuvutha okuvuthayo kufakwe ngaphantsi kwesifuba, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kufakwe emlonyeni. Akunabo bonke abaneGERD abanokugquma. Ukuphindaphinda kuyindlela ekhudlwana apho isisu esiswini sidlula emqaleni, ivelise umonakalo omuncu. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zihamba kunye neentlanzi. Ukuguquka kwegazi kunye nokuhlaziywa ngokuqhelekileyo kudla kakubi emva kokutya kwaye kwenziwa ngakumbi xa ulala phantsi okanye uguqa.
Ezinye iimpawu ze-GERD ziquka umqala onobuhlungu obunzima, ukuphazamiseka, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ukuqhuma, ukuphefumula okubi, intlungu yesifuba, kunye nokuziva ngathi kukho inqwaba emqaleni wakho. Ezi zibonakaliso ziqhelekileyo xa ungenayo intlungu.
I-GERD inokubangela ukuba i-acid isisu ivuselele iimbulunga kwisigxina okanye yenza umonakalo kwimbane yayo engabangela ukungonakali.
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-GERD ingabangela iingxaki ezinokubangela ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zeGERD zibandakanya isifo seBarrett, i-esophagitis eyingozi , kunye nokugqithiswa kwamanzi .
Ukongeza kwizinto ezixhalabisayo, i-GERD inokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki ezibandakanya intloko, intamo, kunye ne-airways ezifana ne-asthma, i-laryngitis engapheliyo, ukunciphisa i-airways ejikelezayo i-larynx yakho (ibhokisi yezwi), izibilini zamazinyo, kunye nezifo ezingapheliyo.
Izizathu
I-GERD ibangelwa yi-reflux ye-contents content esiswini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-reflux inqatshelwe yi-sphincter esezantsi (LES), isangqa se-muscle esesigxina se-esisophagus nesisu. Uninzi lwexesha, i-LES inkontileka ukwenzela ukuvala ukuvula kunye nokwenza umqobo phakathi kwesisu nesisu. I-LES igxeka ngokukhawuleza xa uginya ukuvumela ukutya kudlule kwisisu. Iphinde iphinde ibuyiselwe xa ubamba ukuvumela igesi ukuba ibaleke.
Kwiimeko ezininzi ze-GERD, i-LES idlulisa ngokukhawuleza xa ingafanelekanga, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ixesha elifutshane apho isisu singenayo isisu. Akwacaca ukuba kutheni abantu abaninzi bekhula rhoqo, ukuphumula okufutshane kwe-LES.
Ngokuqhelekanga, i-GERD ingaveliswa xa i-LES ihlala ingenasiphelo, ivumela ukuba i-reflux ibe khona phantse naliphi na ixesha. Uxinzelelo lwe-LES lunokunciphisa-kwaye ukuhlaziya ukukhuthazwa-ngesisu esisisigxina (isisu esipheleleyo), ukutshaya, unyango oluninzi, ukusela utywala, i-cafeine, kunye neentlobo zokutya, ngokukodwa ukutya okunamafutha kunye ne-tshokoleta.
Ezinye izinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kwiGERD zibandakanya ukuba ne- hialia , ukugqithisa okanye ukugqithisa, nokukhulelwa.
Ukuxilongwa
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-GERD yonyango. Oko kukuthi, iimpawu ze-GERD zidla ngokuqhelekileyo kangangokuthi oogqirha banokuthi bafumane ukuxilongwa ngokuzithemba ngokusekelwe kubo kuphela.
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga luvame ukuqhutyelwa kuphela xa ungaphumeleli ukuphendula unyango okanye ukuba ugqirha wakho ugxeka ukuba enye yeengxaki ezinzulu kakhulu zeGERD zenzeka. Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-GERD ingaquka i- endoscopy , ukujonga i-pH yeeyure ezingama-24, i-manometry esophageal, kunye ne-barium yokugwinya ii-ray.
Unyango
Ukuba unayo i-GERD, iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba mhlawumbi uya kukwazi ukulawula iimpawu zakho xa ufumana iinguqu ezifanelekileyo zokuphila.
Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ukuphakamisa intloko yebhedi
- Ukuphepha ukupha ukutya
- Ukuyeka ukutya okungangeeyure ezintathu okanye ngaphambi kokulala
- Ukuphepha izambatho eziqinileyo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba unempawu ezimnene, ugqirha wakho uya kuncomela ukuguqulwa okunjalo kwaye mhlawumbi ucetyise amanye amachiza angaphezulu kwe-counter (i-OTC). I-Antacids ayikuthinteli i-GERD, kodwa ingathathwa ukuze incede ihluthe iimpawu. Ama-antiacids asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo aquka iGaviscon , Maalox , i- Mylanta , i- Rolaids , ne- Tums .
Ukuba ezi zinto zingasebenzi, ugqirha wakho unokukubeka kwiyeza zonyango, onamandla kunokuba ungayithenga ishefu. Ezi zimbini eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo, nazo zineentlobo ze-OTC, zi:
- Abalobi be-Historine-2 (i-H2 blockers): Abaphathi be-H2 banciphisa ukuveliswa kwesisu se-acid, ukwenjenjalo ukuba isisu sisenokubangela iimpawu ezimbalwa xa zihlaziya kwi-esophagus. I-H2 blockers iqalisa ukusebenza phakathi kweyure, ibe yinto esebenzayo phakathi kweyure kunye neyure emva kokuthatha umthamo, kwaye ukusebenza kwabo kuqhubeka ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12, Ziyayiluncedo xa zithathwa rhoqo kwi-2 ukuya kwi-4- kwikota yeyeza. I-H2 blockers iquka i-Axid (nizatidine), i-Pepcid (i-famotidine), i-Tagamet (i- cimetidine) kunye ne-Zantac (ranitidine).
- Iproton pump inhibitors (PPIs): I- PPI isebenza ngokuvimbela ipom kwiiseli zesisu esenza i-acid esiswini. Zizona zizona zininzi kakhulu ze-acid inhibitors kwaye ziphumelela ngakumbi kunabasebenzi be-H2 ekupheliseni iimpawu kunye nokuphilisa i-esophagitis. Nangona kunjalo, bathambekele ekubangela ezinye iziphumo ezimbi , ngoko oogqirha baya kuzama i-block H2 kuqala. Ii-PPI ziquka i-Prevacid (pantoprazole), i-Nexium (esomeprazole) , kunye ne-Prilosec (omeprazole) .
Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphuculanga ngeenguqu zokuphila kunye nemichiza yonyango, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuhlinzwa. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo luyi-fundoplication, yinto apho inxalenye yakho yesisu ihlanganiswe nge-LES ukwenzela ukuyiqinisa nokukhusela ukuhlaziya. Izindlela ze-endoscopic kunye nokufakelwa kwendandatho yamabhanti asemagqabini ebizwa nge-LINX ifowuni, ingaqwalaselwa kwakhona.
Ukunyamekela
Ukuba ukhathalela umntu onguGERD, nokuba ungumntwana, umzali okanye iqabane, kukho iindlela onokumnceda wakho umthandayo ukusebenzisana neempawu zakhe ekhaya. Unokuthetha kunye nokumnceda ukuba agweme ukutya oku kunokubangela ukuguquka kwenhliziyo, umkhuthaze ukuba agqoke iimpahla ezigqithisileyo, asebenzise imishanguzo njengoko kuyimfuneko, umkhuthaze ukuba asebenzise, kwaye agcine intloko yakhe iphakame ebusuku.
ILizwi
I-GERD isifo esiqhelekileyo sesisu esiswini esivame ukuba sinobubele, kodwa singabangela iingxaki ezinzulu xa kushiywe kungakhange kulandelwe. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unempawu zeGERD, kufuneka usebenze nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo sokuxilonga kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uyifumana i-regimen yonyango eya kuphelisa ingxaki yakho ngaphambi kokuba ibuhlungu. Ngethamsanqa, ngokuguqulwa kweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphila kunye namachiza akhoyo namhlanje, uninzi lwabantu abaneGERD lungaphathwa ngempumelelo ngaphambi kokuba ingxaki ecasulayo ibe yingozi.
> Imithombo:
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> Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Izikhokelo zoLwazi kunye noLawulo lweSifo se-Reflux ye-Gastroesophageal Reflux. I-American Journal yeGastroenterology . Matshi 2013; 108 (3): 308-29. i-doi: 10.1038 / ajg.2012.444.
> Mikami DJ, Murayama KM. I-Physiology ne-Pathogenesis ye-Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Iikliniki zokuphanda zaseNyakatho Melika . Juni 2015; 95 (3): 515-25. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.suc.2015.02.006.
> Ness-Jensen E, Lindam A, Lagergren J, Hveem K. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo nokunciphisa kwi-Gastroesophageal Reflux. Isifundo soPhuhliso lwaBantu abaSebenzayo abaSebenzayo: Isifundo se-HUNT. I-American Journal yeGastroenterology . Matshi 2013; 108 (3): 376-82. i-doi: 10.1038 / ajg.2012.466.