Ukunyamezela kuthinta njani abantu abaphila neCOPD?
Ukunyamezela kukuchaphazela njani abantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmonary (COPD)? Ngaba ukulahlekelwa isisindo kwenza ukubahluko, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, kangakanani? Iyiphi indlela engcono yokunciphisa umzimba xa uhlangabezana neCOPD?
Sibanzi
Ziyintoni na ukugqithisa kunye neCOPD ? Okokuqala, bobabini kakhulu. I-COPD njengamanje ithathwa njengesizathu esithathu saso sokufa e-United States, emva kwesifo senhliziyo kuphela nomhlaza.
Akukuphela nje oku okuqhelekileyo, kodwa kubonakala ukuba amaxabiso okufa ukusuka kwiCOPD ayanda.
Ukunyamezela kunzima ukuchaza njengoko kungabonakali ngokukhawuleza njengesizathu sokufa. Nangona kunjalo ukunyanya kakhulu kubangelwa imbangela yesifo senhliziyo (imbangela ebangela ukufa kwabantu eUnited States) kwaye isondela ngokukhawuleza (kwaye mhlawumbi idlula ukutshaya) njengesizathu esibangela umdlavuza; yesibini imbangela yokufa e-US
Zombili iCOPD kunye nokukhuluphala kunyuke, kodwa bahlanganisana njani? Iyiphi indima ukugqithisa kudlala kwiCOPD kwaye njani i-COPD inokwandisa umngcipheko wokukhuluphala? Emva kwakho konke, umntu ongeyena ongathandabuzekiyo noCOPD ungaphantsi.
Ubungakanani Ubuthakathaka buchaphazela iCOPD
Nangona nayiphina imifanekiso onayo engqondweni yakho yomntu ogqithiseleyo okhupha i-oksijeni, ukukhuluphala kubandakanya indima ebalulekileyo kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi-epidemic impermance disease (COPD).
Nangona ukugqithisa, ngokwalo, kungengomngcipheko weCOPD, njengokuba kukho ezinye iimeko ezininzi, kukho ubungqina beklinikhi obubonisa ubungqina obunxulumene phakathi kwezi zibini.
Ubutyebi buzibophezela ekugqibeleni kweempawu zeCOPD , kunye nokunciphisa kokubili ukunyamezela kunye nomgangatho wobomi. Ukunyameka komzimba, nangona kunjalo, kunokubonelela ngokuphawulekayo, ukuphucula impawu.
Abantu abaneCOPD abangaphezu komzimba okanye abagqithiseleyo nabo basengozini yokuphefumula ukugula okuphambene nokulala.
Indlela iCOPD ithinte ngayo ukukhulula
Ukuba neCOPD, ngokunjalo, inokudlala indima ekunyanyeni.
Ukuba unayo i-COPD, uyazi ukuba zinokuchaphazela kangakanani ukunyamezela kwakho, kwaye ukuhlala unomdla obalulekileyo obunobunzima bokunyanya. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ukuzama ukunciphisa umzimba kunye neCOPD kunokuba nzima.
Inkcazo yobutyebi
Ubutyebi bunokuthi buchazwe ngokubhekiselele kwisicatshulwa somzimba (BMI), esichaza ubudlelwane phakathi kobunzima nokuphakama. Ezi zikhokelo zilandelayo ziyakunceda ukuba ugqibe ukuba ukhuluphele okanye ukhuluphele, ngokwempawu zeBMI .
- Ukungaphantsi komzimba:> 18.5
- Eziqhelekileyo: 18.5 ukuya ku-24.9
- Ukugqithisa umzimba: 25 ukuya ku-29.9
- Unayo: 30.0 okanye 39.9
- Ukukhuluphala komzimba: 40 nangaphezulu
I-chart yeBMI ayigqibekanga njengoko ingayithathi ingqalelo uhlobo lomzimba kunye nokwakha, kodwa yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala. Unokuba unqwenela ukuthetha nodokotela wakho, ngubani onokuqwalasela ezinye zezinto eziguqukileyo kwaye anike uqikelelo lwesisindo sakho esifanelekileyo.
Izibalo zobungakanani
Nge-BMI ye-25 okanye ngaphezulu echaza ukukhululeka komzimba kunye ne-BMI engaphezu kwe-30 ibonisa ukukhuluphala, abantu abangaphezulu kweyibhiliyoni kwihlabathi lonke banokugqithisa okanye banzima. Ukunyanyiswa komzimba kuyingozi enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela , isifo se-rheumatoid nesifo somhlaza kwaye sinembopheleleko malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zeendleko zonyango. Nangona kunjalo kubangelwa njani iingxaki kubantu abaneCOPD ngokukodwa?
Iimiphumo zobunzima kwiimingcele zakho
Ukugqithisa okanye ukugqithisa kuphazamisa ukusebenza komphunga ngeendlela ezininzi. Ukugqithisa kweethambo ezinamafutha, ezenzeka ekugqithiseni, kuphazamisa inkqubo yokuphefumula kwabadala kunye nabantwana. Ukunyanyiswa kukukhokelela ekunciphiseni iimvavanyo ezininzi zomsebenzi wamapulmoni kuquka:
- Ukukhutshwa komqulu wokuphefumula kwisibini enye ( FEV1 )
- Ukuxhotyiswa ngamandla ( FVC )
- Ubungakanani bemitha yamanzi ( TLC )
Ukususela ekuthwaleni ubunzima obunzima kunyusela umsebenzi wokuphefumla, kukho ubudlelane ngqo phakathi kokunyanya nokuphefumula, okanye i- dyspnea , ekwabonakalayo njengento ephawulekayo yeCOPD.
Ukunyanya ubukhulu kunxulumene kakhulu nokunciphisa ukunyamezela komzimba. Ngokumalunga neengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nokungasebenzi, ukungakwazi ukusetyenziswa kunokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi.
Izinzuzo zezeMpilo zoLuthiso loTywala
Ukwazi ukuba ukugqithisa umzimba kunokudambisa iimpawu zakho, ziziphi iintlobo eziye zaboniswa kulabo abaneCOPD abaphumelele ngempumelelo? Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Ukwanda kwamandla
- Ukunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
- Ukunciphisa intlungu
- Ukuhamba kakuhle
- Ukuphucula ukuphucula
- Ukuthintela i-angina, okanye intlungu yesifuba ebangelwa i-oksijeni entliziyweni
- Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa ngokukhawuleza kwisifo senhliziyo okanye ngesifo
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphuhlisa isifo sikashukela se-2
- Ukuphucula izinga lezeshukela legazi
Amagqabantshintshi okuphumelela kwabagulane beCOPD
Ukunciphisa umthamo, ukuba unomzimba ogqithiseleyo okanye ogqithiseleyo, isicwangciso esilungileyo sezempilo kubantu abahluphekayo kwiCOPD. Oku kungenziwa ngokudibanisa kokutya, ukwanda kwento yokusebenza kunye (ngamanye amaxesha) amayeza. Kukho iziphumo ezicwangcisiweyo zophando kunye neengcebiso malunga nezicwangciso zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo kubantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo zokuphefumula, ezifana neCOPD. Oko esikufundileyo kukuba ukusekwa nokugcina inkqubo yovavanyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo. Mhlawumbi uya kufunda ngokukhawuleza ukuba uqeqesho lunceda abantu abaneCOPD ngeendlela ezininzi ezihamba ngaphaya kolawulo lwesisindo.
Ukubandakanya ukulungiswa kwepmonta kwiprogram yakho yeCOPD kunye nesicwangciso sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo asihloliswanga ngokubanzi kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba luncedo ngeendlela ezininzi. I-pulmonary therapist ingasebenza nawe ukufumana iindlela zokuphucula ukunyamezela kwakho .
Ukufumana umntu oza kusebenzisana naye kuyindlela eqinisekisiweyo yokunamathela kwinkqubo. Kunzima kakhulu "ukuyeka" okanye uqale ukusila umzila wakho wokuzilolonga xa uphendula omnye umntu.
Iimpawu ezintle zokuzivocavoca, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ziza kuba yizona zinto ezikuyo. Cinga ngemisebenzi oyenzayo esebenzayo kodwa ongayiboni njengento "yokuzilolonga." Kwabanye abantu, uhamba. Ukongeza umnandi, unokufuna ukuqala "i-geocaching." Kwabanye, kuyimiyezo, kwaye eqinisweni, ukulima ingaba uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lomsebenzi wokwenyama ukulahleka kunye nempilo yonke. Thatha ixesha lokuba ufunde malunga nokuzivocavoca kakhulu kubantu abaneCOPD .
Ngokubhekiselele ekudleni, ulawulo lwengxenye luqhelekile. Kunokuba uqale "ukutya" ucinge ngeenguqu ezihlala unokuzenza kwindlela odla ngayo. Njengokusebenzisa umzimba, ukuba ungayifumana indlela yokutya ukutya okunempilo, unokukwazi ukuphumelela. Ukuzama iindlela zokupheka ezintsha kwiincwadi zaseMedithera zokutya iincwadi zokupheka zingaba luqalo olukhulu.
Ngaphantsi kobunzima kunye neCOPD
Kuyacaca ukuba ukukhuluphala kunempembelelo embi kulabo abaneCOPD, kwaye i-COPD inokumisela umntu ukunyanyisa ngenxa yokunciphisa umthamo. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo kunokunceda kwaye kufuneka kugxininiswe kunye nokudibanisa kokutya okulungileyo kunye nokusebenza komzimba.
> Imithombo:
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> Ipaki, J., Lee, J., Heo, E., Kim, D., noH. H. Chung. Impembelelo yokunyanyiswa kwezigulane ezinezifo ezikhuselekileyo ezikhuselekileyo zezifo zephilisi: Iziphumo ezivela kwi-KNHANESI 2010 ukuya ku-2012. I-International Journal ye-Pulmonary Disease . 2017. 12: 757-763.